scholarly journals Florida Edible Garden Plants: Hops (Humulus lupulus)

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Climbing Plants ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Garden Plants ◽  
One Year

Hops are perennial, herbaceous climbing plants commonly cultivated for their strobiles or cones (Figure 1). The cones are often used for flavoring and aroma in food, tea, and beer (Burgess 1964). Hops can make a unique addition to a home garden or landscape. It grows rapidly in the early spring to late summer. Plants reach a mature height of 18–25 feet in one year and produce cones from mid-summer to early fall. This 2-page fact sheet was written by Brian J. Pearson, and published by the UF Department of Environmental Horticulture, October 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep488

scholarly journals Sexual maturation in Atlantic salmon male parr may be triggered both in early spring and late summer under standard farming conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elia Ciani ◽  
Kristine von Krogh ◽  
Rasoul Nourizadeh-Lillabadi ◽  
Ian Mayer ◽  
Romain Fontaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
One Year ◽  
Immature Fish

AbstractMale Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) display different sexual strategies, maturing either as parr during the freshwater phase (as sneaky spawners), or as post smolts following one or several years at sea. First sexual maturation (puberty) occurs at different times depending on environmental and genetic factors. To improve our knowledge on the timing (age and season) of first sexual maturation in Atlantic salmon male parr, we investigated pubertal activation in second generation farmed salmon from the Norwegian river Figgjo, reared under natural conditions of photoperiod and water temperature. Histological analysis, in combination with morphometric measurements, plasma androgen levels and pituitary gonadotropin gene expression analysis revealed that, as previously reported, some male parr initiated early sexual maturation in spring at one year of age. Interestingly, some male parr were observed to initiate sexual maturation already in autumn, six months after hatching (under-yearlings), much earlier than reported in previous studies. One-year old maturing males showed a low induction in gonadotropin levels, while under-yearling maturing males displayed a significant increase in fshb transcripts as compared to immature fish. Plasma testosterone, detectable also in immature males, increased constantly during testes development, while 11-ketotestosterone, undetectable in immature and early maturing males, increased during more advanced stages of maturation. A mild feminization of the testes (ovotestes) was detected in a subset of samples. This study brings new knowledge on the little investigated field of sexually maturing under-yearlings in Atlantic salmon. This is also the first study comparing the physiology of under-yearling vs one-year old maturing male parr, thus bringing new insights to the remarkable plasticity of Atlantic salmon puberty.

AIR-BORNE POLLEN SURVEYS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Bassett ◽  
C. W. Crompton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Results from 17 pollen collecting stations in British Columbia indicate that air-borne pollen of ragweeds and their relatives, the principal causative agents of hay fever in North America, is practically absent throughout the province. Coniferous trees and shrubs such as pines, spruces, firs, cedars, Douglas fir, hemlocks and junipers produce the greater part of the air-borne pollen from March to early July. Pollen from alders, poplars, willows and birches is also prevalent in some areas in the early spring. The peak periods of grass pollen near the United States–Canadian border occur mainly in June and the early part of July, while further north they are about a month later. Of the four types of plantain pollen identified from the different collecting stations, English plantain was the most common, especially in the southwesterly part of the province. Pollen from the lambs’-quarters and amaranth families and wormwoods occurs mainly in the late summer and early fall and is more abundant in the dry interior than along the coast.

A quantitative assessment of the reproductive biology of Cyclonaias tuberculata (Bivalvia: Unionidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Haggerty ◽  
Jeffrey T. Garner ◽  
George H. Patterson ◽  
Lannis C. Jones Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tennessee River ◽  
Early Fall

Two hundred and thirty-three purple wartyback unionids (Cyclonaias tuberculata) were collected approximately monthly over a 31-month period from Kentucky Reservoir (Tennessee river mile 201.3), Tennessee, between August 1988 and February 1991. An equal sex ratio and only one case of hermaphroditism were discovered. Histological examinations showed that spermatogenesis and oogenesis occurred throughout the year except during late summer and early fall. "Typical" spermatogenesis was most evident between May and July. Spawning occurred between early spring (March–April) and late summer (August). Brooding variation among females was shown by the presence of embryos in the suprabranchial chambers and gills between early April and late August. Brooding was short term, as indicated by mature larvae being found in the outer demibranchs between early July and late August. Full demibranchs were never found, possibly indicating that the study took place during years of poor reproductive performance.

scholarly journals Characterising terrestrial influences on Antarctic air masses using Radon-222 measurements at King George Island

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 9903-9916 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Chambers ◽  
S.-B. Hong ◽  
A. G. Williams ◽  
J. Crawford ◽  
A. D. Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
South American ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Diurnal Cycles ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
One Year ◽  
Radon Measurements

Abstract. We report on one year of high-precision direct hourly radon observations at King Sejong Station (King George Island) beginning in February 2013. Findings are compared with historic and ongoing radon measurements from other Antarctic sites. Monthly median concentrations reduced from 72 mBq m−3 in late-summer to 44 mBq m−3 in late winter and early spring. Monthly 10th percentiles, ranging from 29 to 49 mBq m−3, were typical of oceanic baseline values. Diurnal cycles were rarely evident and local influences were minor, consistent with regional radon flux estimates one tenth of the global average for ice-free land. The predominant fetch region for terrestrially influenced air masses was South America (47–53° S), with minor influences also attributed to aged Australian air masses and local sources. Plume dilution factors of 2.8–4.0 were estimated for the most terrestrially influenced (South American) air masses, and a seasonal cycle in terrestrial influence on tropospheric air descending at the pole was identified and characterised.

Predatory-Phase Sea Lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) in the Great Lakes

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2007-2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. H. Johnson ◽  
William C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Sea Lampreys ◽  
Early Fall

Incidentally caught predatory-phase sea lampreys were obtained from the commercial fisheries of the Laurentian Great Lakes, together with related catch data, in return for a reward offered to fishermen. Catches of sea lampreys per unit of fishing effort in Lake Superior generally paralleled other indices of sea lamprey abundance. Recently metamorphosed sea lampreys tended to appear early in the season in deepwater fisheries, typically those directed toward cisco (Coregonus spp.), whereas older specimens were taken more often in gear set at shallower depths during summer and fall. The proportion of male sea lampreys in the collections decreased annually between spring and fall, due apparently to a shoreward movement of the males. Large lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) appeared to be the preferred prey of the sea lamprey. From studies of the stomach contents, sea lamprey feeding activity appeared to reach a peak in late summer or early fall, thereafter declining until the cessation of feeding in early spring. Growth rate reached a maximum in late summer or early fall. Greatest length was attained between January and March, after which a decrease in length was observed. Predatory-phase sea lampreys remained concentrated near the mouths of their parent streams if sufficient numbers of prey were present. Their distribution in the Great Lakes was related to the location of prey.Key words: sea lamprey, predation, Great Lakes fishery

Detection of Indigenous Enteric Viruses in Raw Sewage Effluents of the City of Athens, Greece, During a Two Year Survey

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Krikelis ◽  
P. Markoulatos ◽  
N. Spyrou ◽  
Ch Serie
Keyword(s):  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Sewage Effluents ◽  
Concentration Step ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
The City ◽  
Coxsackie B

In a two year survey of enteric viruses in urban sewage effluents of Athens, Greece, during 1982–1983, indigenous Enteroviruses and Adenoviruses have been detected. Enteroviruses, (Polio, Coxsackie B and Echo) were recovered on Vero or BGM cells by inoculation of samples, after a pre-concentration step utilizing glass powder. Adenoviruses were recovered on Hep2 cells after being Precipitated with protamine sulfate. The viral content was in the order of 102 -103 cytopathogenic units (CPU) per litre of sample. Seasonal fluctuations of the various serotypes recovered were observed. The peak of Adenoviruses was found in early spring whereas Enteroviruses peaked in late summer-early fall. The most frequently recovered serotypes within each group were : Polio III (47%), Coxsackie B5 (56%), Echo 7 (61%) and Adeno 7 (43%). Similar isolation frequencies, except for Polio, were found in humans as well. As regards Polioviruses, all strains recovered from sewage were found to be vaccine-related by the intratypic serodifferentiation test.

scholarly journals Characterising terrestrial influences on Antarctic air masses using radon-222 measurements at King George Island

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 11541-11576 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Chambers ◽  
S.-B. Hong ◽  
A. G. Williams ◽  
J. Crawford ◽  
A. D. Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
South American ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Diurnal Cycles ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
One Year ◽  
Radon Measurements

Abstract. We report on one year of high precision direct hourly radon observations at King Sejong Station (King George Island) beginning in February 2013. Findings are compared with historic and ongoing radon measurements from other Antarctic sites. Monthly median concentrations reduced from 72 mBq m−3 in late summer to 44 mBq m−3 in late-winter and early-spring. Monthly 10th percentiles, ranging from 29 to 49 mBq m−3, were typical of oceanic baseline values. Diurnal cycles were rarely evident and local influences were minor, consistent with regional radon flux estimates one tenth of the global average for ice-free land. The predominant fetch region for terrestrially influenced air masses was South America (47–53° S), with minor influences also attributed to aged Australian air masses and local sources. Plume dilution factors of 2.8–4.0 were estimated for the most terrestrially influenced (South American) air masses, and a seasonal cycle in terrestrial influence on tropospheric air descending at the pole was identified and characterised.

scholarly journals For everything there was a season: phenological shifts in the Tetons

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 11-47
Author(s):  
Trevor Bloom ◽  
Corinna Riginos ◽  
Donal O'Leary
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Spring Temperature ◽  
Phenological Shifts ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
First Flowering Date ◽  
Photo Collection ◽  
Plant Pollinator

Around the world, phenology — the timing of ecological events — is shifting as the climate warms. This can lead to a variety of consequences for individual species and entire ecological communities. Grand Teton National Park biologists have identified this topic (“effect of earlier plant flowering on pollinators and wildlife”) as one of their priority research needs. We assembled phenological observations of first flowering dates for 49 species collected by Frank Craighead, Jr. in the 1970s, before significant warming occurred. In 2016 we began standardized phenological observations of these same species, plus an additional 61 for a total of 110 species, in the same locations. First flowering date for 65% of the species with historic records correlated significantly with mean spring temperature; these species are therefore expected to flower earlier now than in the 1970s. Early spring flowers had the largest shifts in phenology, emerging an average of 21 days earlier now relative to the 1970s. Yet not all species are emerging earlier. In particular, phenology of late summer/early fall flowering plants was largely unchanged. In 2017, we initiated pollinator collections at our key phenology sites. Additional years of observations will allow us to better understand plant-pollinator interactions and identify potential phenological mismatches.   Featured photo by Shawna Wolf, taken from the AMK Ranch photo collection.

The biology of the Water Rat Hydromys chrysogaster Geoffroy (Muridae: Hudromyinae) in Victoria.

1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
J McNally
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Population Turnover ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Hydromys Chrysogaster ◽  
One Year

In the wild population of water rats studied, males were more numerous and larger than females. In a population of 589 water rats, 323 were males and 266 females. Whole weights ranged from 170 to 1275 g for males and 156 to 992 g for females. Males were age-grouped into adults (including subadults) and juveniles on the basis of combined testes weights. Sexual maturity is reached when a whole weight of between 400 and 600 g (14-21 oz) is attained. Females were age-grouped on the stage of maturity of the reproductive tract. Female rats can reproduce when a whole weight of 425 g (15 oz) is attained. Mating takes place in late winter and continues through spring. The breeding season extends from September to January, with the peak in early spring. Females are in anoestrus in late summer, autumn, and early winter. The number in each litter varies from one to seven: the usual number is four or five. Growth is rapid; young can reach adult size in less than one year. The structure of the population varies throughout the year. The proportion of adults (including subadults) is high in winter and spring and falls in summer and autumn when juveniles appear in numbers. The fecundity of water rat's is lower than normal for murid species, but fertility is high and a substantial population turnover occurs each year when conditions for breeding are favourable. It is considered therefore that the water rat has potentiality for management as an economic fur-bearing animal.

scholarly journals Relationship between variability of the semidiurnal tide in the Northern Hemisphere mesosphere and quasi-stationary planetary waves throughout the global middle atmosphere

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 4239-4256 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Xu ◽  
A. H. Manson ◽  
C. E. Meek ◽  
T. Chshyolkova ◽  
J. R. Drummond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Planetary Waves ◽  
Semidiurnal Tide ◽  
Opposite Hemisphere ◽  
Linear Interaction ◽  
Early Fall

Abstract. To investigate possible couplings between planetary waves and the semidiurnal tide (SDT), this work examines the statistical correlations between the SDT amplitudes observed in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) mesosphere and stationary planetary wave (SPW) with wavenumber S=1 (SPW1) amplitudes throughout the global stratosphere and mesosphere. The latter are derived from the Aura-MLS temperature measurements. During NH summer-fall (July–October), the mesospheric SDT amplitudes observed at Svalbard (78° N) and Eureka (80° N) usually do not show persistent correlations with the SPW1 amplitudes in the opposite hemisphere. Although the SDT amplitudes observed at lower latitudes (~50–70° N), especially at Saskatoon (52° N), are often shown to be highly and positively correlated with the SPW1 amplitudes in high southern latitudes, these correlations cannot be sufficiently explained as evidence for a direct physical link between the Southern Hemisphere (SH) winter-early spring SPW and NH summer-early fall mesospheric SDT. This is because the migrating tide's contribution is usually dominant in the mid-high latitude (~50–70° N) NH mesosphere during the local late summer-early fall (July–September). The numerical correlation is dominated by similar low-frequency variability or trends between the amplitudes of the NH SDT and SH SPW1 during the respective equinoctial transitions. In contradistinction, during NH winter (November–February), the mesospheric SDT amplitudes at northern mid-high latitudes (~50–80° N) are observed to be significantly and positively correlated with the SPW1 amplitudes in the same hemisphere in most cases. Because both the SPW and migrating SDT are large in the NH during the local winter, a non-linear interaction between SPW and migrating SDT probably occurs, thus providing a global non-migrating SDT. This is consistent with observations of SDT in Antarctica that are large in summer than in winter. It is suggested that climatological hemispheric asymmetry, e.g. the SH and NH winter characteristics are substantially different, lead to differences in the inter-hemispheric SPW-tide physical links.

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