scholarly journals Methods, Techniques and Approaches to Post-War Architectural Reconstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Cicevic
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Architectural Structures ◽  
Post War ◽  
Public Reaction ◽  
Architectural Reconstruction ◽  
Critical Overview

This Research explores similarities and differences between techniques and approaches to post-war architectural reconstruction. An overview of various different social, political and cultural difficulties and obstacles that architects needed to consider while making adequate design proposals will be presented and discussed. Moreover, the Research focuses on greater public reaction, understanding and acceptance of new design solutions, especially considering the population who are intimately and emotionally connected with the pre-war design.The main empirical method is through case studies, examining a variety of different architectural structures that were reconstructed following the armed conflicts. Moreover, the Research is not limited to a single time period or a single geographical zone; it will analyze and synthesize findings from various different cultural and regional environments. Case studies will include examination of Dresden Frauenkirche (Germany), Atomic Bomb Dome (Japan), Neues Museum (Germany) and Cadiz Castle (Spain). The Study strives to extract the guiding principles of reconstruction, sorting them into several different overall techniques: faithful reconstruction, intervention, patching and passive monument creation. However, the Research does not favor one technique over the other, instead it offers a critical overview of their implementation and suitability for reconstruction by considering given cultural and social circumstances.

Cornerstone Documents, Milestones, and Policies: Shaping the Direction of Public Health Nursing 1950-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Kulbok ◽  
Joan Kub ◽  
Doris Glick
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Public Health Nursing ◽  
Community Health Planning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
Post War

Ruth Hubbard, a public health nursing (PHN) leader in 1950, offered a timeless comment, “To each age comes its own peculiar problems and challenges, but to it also comes the necessary vision and strength” (p. 608). Similar to the 1950s, from 1950 to 2015 unique healthcare and workforce issues continued to arise calling for public health nurses to respond with vision and strength. In Part Two of a three-part series on PHN history, we examine seminal documents, events, and policies that influenced practice. We begin by considering the time period 1950 to 1975, and then discuss healthcare transitions; social activism and community health planning; and concerns from the years 1975 to 2000 and 2000 to 2015. These milestones reflected challenges of emerging chronic diseases, re-emerging infectious diseases, immigration and terrorism, as well as post-war prosperity and improvements in health care. As in the early 20th century, response to challenges included periods of expansion and recession. We conclude by considering the past as prologue, discussing prospects for present and future PHN.

scholarly journals Unrealised monumental sculpture as an architectural and artistic component of urban planning concepts on the example of the Bolshoy Moskvoretsky bridge

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-485
Author(s):  
Sergei B. Tkachenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
General Plan ◽  
Virtual Reconstruction ◽  
Monumental Sculpture ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Architectural Structures ◽  
Post War ◽  
Planning Concepts ◽  
Artistic Image

Built according to the designs of outstanding architects, bridges constructed in Moscow during the 1930s can be classified as philosophically-meaningful aesthetic structures having the ability to affect both contemporaries and their descendants. The object of the study consisted of the Bolshoy Moskvoretsky bridge, occupying a special urban development position among Moscow's architectural structures due to its location at the crossroads of the central historical and ideological core of the capi-tal. According to the General Plan of 1935, the Moskvoretsky bridge was intended as the most impor-tant of the four priority bridges. The main ideological message assigned to it was to lead to Red Square forming the ideological hub of world communism the cradle of the socialist world with the funerary mau-soleum of the ever-living leader at its centre. The study examines the design stages of the Moskvoretsky bridge during the pre-war period, as well as the creative confrontation in the post-war period between architect A.V. Shchusev and sculptor V.I. Mukhina that characterised the artistic image of the Moskvoretsky bridge. The study is aimed at the examination of incentive grounds for the emer-gence of a plastic solution and the reasons for the incompleteness of an outstanding work by A.V. Schusev. General scientific methods of research (analysis, synthesis), as well as a number of par-ticular scientific methods, such as system-structural, formal-logical, graphical virtual reconstruction, complex research and others, were used in the work. Additionally, an inclusion in scientific research of methodological approaches for studying the consequences of non-implementation of urban planning concepts and projects was performed. The results of the research are presented by the proprietary de-velopment of approaches to adequate methods of determining the potential impact of unimplemented major urban planning projects on the formation of the capital of Russia on the example of the Moskvoretsky bridge.

scholarly journals El no ciudadano a la paz: los casos de Guatemala (1999) y Colombia (2016) / The Citizenry said not to peace: the cases of Guatemala (1999) and Colombia (2016)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Clara Rocío Rodríguez Pico
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
La Paz ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
Comparative Methodology ◽  
Similarities And Differences

RESUMENEl presente texto analiza con una metodología comparada y basada en el estudio de casos, las experiencias de dos países en los cuales la población se manifestó contraria a los acuerdos o las reformas que se derivaron de negociaciones de paz. Se indaga así en los contextos, las definiciones, las campañas y los resultados de la aplicación del referendo constitucional en Guatemala en 1999 y el plebiscito por la paz en Colombia en 2016. Resaltando similitudes y diferencias de los dos casos, el análisis concluye planteando algunas reflexiones sobre el uso de este tipo de mecanismos de consulta y lo que ellos implican en la relación entre representación política y participación ciudadana, en situaciones de negociación de conflictos armados.ABSTRACTUsing a comparative methodology and based in a case studies , this article analyzes the experience of two countries in which the population declared opposition to the agreements o reforms derived from peace negotiations processes. The contexts, definitions, campaigns and results of the application of the constitutional referendum in Guatemala in 1999 and the plebiscite for peace in Colombia in 2016 are compared. Emphasizing similarities and differences of the two cases, the analysis concludes raising some reflections on the use of this type of consultation mechanisms and what they imply in the relation betwen political representation and citizen participation, in situations of armed conflicts negotiation.

Insane Acquaintances

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Moore
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
Art And Design ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Festival Of Britain ◽  
Post War

Insane Acquaintances charts the varied encounters between artistic modernism and the British public in the years between ‘Manet and the Post-Impressionists’ (1910) and the Festival of Britain (1951). Through a range of case studies which explore the work of the ‘mediators’ of modernism in Britain – those individuals, groups and organisations which facilitated the introduction of modernist art and design to public audiences during the first part of the twentieth century – Insane Acquaintances explores the social, political and cultural impact of visual modernism over the course of four decades. Focusing on the efforts to legitimise, explain and make authentic the abstract (and often continental) modernist aesthetics that shaped British artistic culture during the years 1910-1951, this study charts the changing taste of the nation, through chapters on Postimpressionist art and crafts, modernist art in schools, the home design and decoration, Surrealism and revolution and the post-War institutionalisation and funding of the arts.

The Issue of Authenticity in Reconstruction of Wooden Building as an Interpretation of the Historical Site - Case Studies of Log Cabins from Tennessee State, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Tomasz Tomaszek
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Wooden Structure ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
Meriwether Lewis ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Architectural Structures ◽  
Historical Sites

The paper critically discusses the issue of reconstruction of a historic wooden structure carried out as part of the process of protection and interpretation of a place of special historical importance. The problem is presented on the example of historic log cabins located in the Tennessee state in the USA. These are the following architectural objects: the Cabin at the Meriwether Lewis Monument, the architectural complex in Wynnewood and The Historic Sam Davis Home and Plantation. The presented case studies contribute to the analysis of the horizon of authenticity both the reconstructed architectural structures and the historical sites in which they are located.

“Why Can't I Have the Vote?”

2017 ◽  
pp. 117-144
Author(s):  
Argha Kumar Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Women's Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
Political Differences ◽  
Political Conviction ◽  
The Great War ◽  
First World

The First World War came at a crucial time when British women's suffrage campaigns were gathering momentum throughout the country. The culmination of the movement during these years, in spite of various social and political differences, enhanced female solidarity and political consciousness to a considerable degree. Hectic political activism also witnessed a phenomenal rise and propagation of an exclusive and extraordinary women's culture. The onset of the Great War however, struck a fatal blow to such an unprecedented female camaraderie and political conviction. My proposed chapter traces and gathers evidences in women's verse written during this time period extending from the pre-war years of the suffrage movement to the early years of the post-war demobilisation correlating them with some of the major developments in women's socio-political history of the period.

Theorizing Excess and the Abject

Making Icons ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Coates
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Julia Kristeva ◽  
National Identities ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Impact

This chapter establishes a theoretical framework for chapter 7, which deals with characterizations and tropes that resist categorization. Using Art Historical theorizations of the abject, including the work of Hal Foster and Julia Kristeva, abject bodies and national identities are explored in the historical context of early post-war Japan. The impact of abject imagery on the spectator is hypothesized using Ella Shohat and Robert Stam’s account of the ‘schizophrenic spectator.’ Case studies include Teshigahara Hiroshi’s Woman of the Dunes (Suna no onna, 1964).

The Suffering Mother Trope

Making Icons ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Coates
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Post War

Chapter 2 analyses the ‘suffering mother’ trope, comparing the character to contemporary depictions of modern housewives. The historical contexts of the period are explored, positioning the mother trope in relation to post-war social change. Finally, changes in the mother trope after the 1950s are investigated and contextualized within discourses of war guilt and anti-nuclear protest. Case studies include the popular hahamono ‘mother film’ Tragedy of Japan (Nihon no higeki, Kinoshita Keisuke, 1953), and Being Two Isn’t Easy (Watashi wa ni sai, Ichikawa Kon, 1962).

Heritage In-Between

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsim D. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
San Francisco Bay Area ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Time Period

Conventional accounts of missionary and settler colonialism in California have overemphasized the loss experienced by Native Americans. For indigenous Coast Miwok and Southern Pomo people of the San Francisco Bay Area, a story of loss contrasts sharply with their casino—a symbol of prosperity—established in 2013. Each narrative is anchored to highly visible places that commemorate either loss or success. These places, examined here using two case studies, also conceal an important “heritage in-between”—that is, the critical time period, spaces, and things that reflect native resilience and transformation—that might serve to better contextualize both narrative projects.

The London-based Greek Shipping Co-operation Committee: A paradigm of collective action in the shipping sector, 1930–1950

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Bissias ◽  
Panagiotis Kapetanakis
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
World War ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
80Th Anniversary ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Post War ◽  
Second World

In 2016, the Greek Shipping Co-operation Committee (GSCC) celebrated its 80th anniversary in London. This article, which is part of an ongoing research project on the development of the GSCC in the twentieth century, provides a new interpretive framework by using the tools of historical institutionalism to study and understand the circumstances that led to its establishment, operation and broad activity in London, England. Furthermore, it seeks to answer the question of how the GSCC, as an independent institutional body of the Greek shipping industry, became a successful paradigm of concerted and collective action within a business sector that is known for its spirit of individualism. The particular time period under consideration in this article is the early 1930s to the early post-war years (1946–1950), excluding the Second World War, when exceptional conditions obliged the Committee to alter its normal mode of working.

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