scholarly journals Histopathological Features of Cutaneous Tuberculoid Granuloma Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 825-836
Author(s):  
Odelia Jovita Jusuf Fantoni ◽  
Inda Astri Aryani ◽  
Yuli Kurniawati ◽  
Raden Pamudji
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Cutaneous Tuberculosis ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
Caseous Necrosis ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Pattern ◽  
The Right

Tuberculoid granulomas consist of epithelioid histiocytes, Langhans giant cells and rarely foreign bodies with lymphocytes, plasma cells and caseous necrosis. The granulomatous reaction pattern is defined as a typical inflammatory pattern that is characterized by granulomas. Various etiologies can lead to granulomatous reactions. The histopathological features of cutaneous disorders with tuberculoid granuloma include cutaneous tuberculosis, tuberculids, Morbus Hansen, syphilis and rosacea. There are various clinical manifestations of tuberculoid granuloma with similar appearances which makes it difficult to establish a definitive diagnosis. The histopathological features of cutaneous tuberculoid granuloma disorders can support the diagnosis. Therefore, the clinician can determine the appropriate treatment with the right diagnosis.

scholarly journals Histopathological Features of Cutaneous Tuberculoid Granuloma Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 797-808
Author(s):  
Odelia Jovita Jusuf Fantoni ◽  
Inda Astri Aryani ◽  
Yuli Kurniawati ◽  
Raden Pamudji
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Cutaneous Tuberculosis ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
Caseous Necrosis ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Pattern ◽  
The Right

Tuberculoid granulomas consist of epithelioid histiocytes, Langhans giant cells and rarely foreign bodies with lymphocytes, plasma cells and caseous necrosis. The granulomatous reaction pattern is defined as a typical inflammatory pattern that is characterized by granulomas. Various etiologies can lead to granulomatous reactions. The histopathological features of cutaneous disorders with tuberculoid granuloma include cutaneous tuberculosis, tuberculids, Morbus Hansen, syphilis and rosacea. There are various clinical manifestations of tuberculoid granuloma with similar appearances which makes it difficult to establish a definitive diagnosis. The histopathological features of cutaneous tuberculoid granuloma disorders can support the diagnosis. Therefore, the clinician can determine the appropriate treatment with the right diagnosis.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Pseudotumor in the Nasal Cavity and Sinuses: A Case Report and Associated Literature Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132092448
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Maohua Wang ◽  
Wangwei Li ◽  
Yuejin Tao ◽  
Xinyi Shi
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Inflammatory Pseudotumor ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Ocular Symptoms ◽  
Facial Swelling ◽  
The Right

Inflammatory pseudotumor (IP) is a clinically aggressive but histologically benign condition of unknown cause. It rarely appears in the nasal cavity and sinuses. Here, we describe a 24-year-old female with the main symptom of right nasal obstruction. Examinations showed dilation in the right maxillary sinus and a pale neoplasm in the nasal cavity. The neoplasm was completely excised under endoscope. Postoperative pathology showed significant proliferation of plasma cells and lymphocytes, indicating the presence of IP. No recurrence was found during 20 months of follow-up. Only 28 cases (10 males and 18 females, average 41.04 years) have been reported on Pubmed. The main clinical manifestations were nasal obstruction, epistaxis, facial swelling and pain, eyeball protrusion, diplopia, and other ocular symptoms. Inflammatory pseudotumor always erodes the surrounding bone and requires active treatments. Surgery is the optimal option with a good prognosis.

Location and structure of fibrous sheath formed after placing a tunneled hemodialysis catheter in a large pig model

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius C Florescu ◽  
Joseph Runge ◽  
Maurino Flora ◽  
George Nio ◽  
John Lof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
External Jugular Vein ◽  
Entire Length ◽  
Entry Site ◽  
Fibrous Sheath ◽  
Hemodialysis Catheter ◽  
The Right

Background and objectives: We evaluated the location and structure of the fibrous sheath formed after the placement of tunneled, cuffed hemodialysis catheters in large animals, 70 kg pigs. We focused on describing the location of the fibrous sheath in relation to the catheter. Its location explains the fibrous sheath’s ability to cause catheter dysfunction by covering the catheter exit ports located at the catheter’s tip. Design: We used three animals. Each animal had a tunneled, cuffed, 15-French diameter hemodialysis catheter placed in the external jugular vein, with the tip at the junction of the superior vena cava and the right atrium. Two animals were sacrificed at 5 weeks and one animal at 17 weeks after catheter placement. The catheter and surrounding tissues were removed in one block. The fibrous sheath was dissected and longitudinally cut along the catheter to evaluate its extension in relation to the catheter. Relevant portions of the fibrous sheath were sent for pathology examination. Results: The fibrous sheath covered the catheter in its entire length and circumference. It started at the entry site and continued without any interruption along the entire length of the catheter, including the tip. Its average thickness is 1 mm and has an inner cellular/inflammatory layer comprising lymphocytes, plasma cells, neutrophils, macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, and spindled cells and an outer layer comprising a mixture of collagen and fibroblasts. Conclusion: Our model showed that the fibrous sheath forms around all catheters and covers them in their entire length and circumference without any gaps.

scholarly journals Endoscopic Surgery under Fluoroscopic Guidance Is Useful for Diagnosing and Treating Epiphyseal Osteomyelitis Caused by Mycobacterium Species

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hironori Ochi ◽  
Katsuaki Taira ◽  
Naho Nemoto ◽  
Noboru Oikawa ◽  
Soya Nagao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Surgery ◽  
Proximal Tibia ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Plain Radiograph ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Fluoroscopic Guidance ◽  
Bacille Calmette Guerin ◽  
Caseous Necrosis ◽  
Radiolucent Lesion ◽  
The Right

Osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium species may be difficult to diagnose and treat. We report a case of treatment for osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium species in the epiphysis of the right proximal tibia. A 28-month-old boy presented to a hospital with symptoms of fever and right knee pain. He had been vaccinated with Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) at five months of age. The epiphyseal radiolucent lesion had increased in size and extended to the metaphysis through the physis on a plain radiograph of the right proximal tibia. Surgical drainage and curettage of the lesion were performed with an endoscope under C-arm fluoroscopy. The intraoperative histopathological examination revealed granulation tissue composed of caseous necrosis and Langerhans giant cells, revealing Mycobacterium species to be the causative pathogen. Because of suspected osteomyelitis caused by BCG, the antituberculosis drugs were administered orally from an early postoperative stage. A plain radiograph taken eight months postoperatively showed bone regeneration in the area of curettage and a slight physeal bridge, in addition to normalization of the inflammatory response on blood sampling. It was possible to perform accurate diagnosis and rapid treatment for epiphyseal osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium species using endoscopic surgery under fluoroscopic guidance.

scholarly journals A rare case of thyroid tuberculosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2679
Author(s):  
Sivakumar Thirunavukkarasu ◽  
Atreya M. Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Caseous Necrosis ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
Thyroid Tuberculosis ◽  
Anti Tubercular Therapy ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Thyroid tuberculosis although known to be a rare entity provides a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. Clinically, radiologically and even histologically proving to be difficult to arrive at a diagnosis. Its incidence according to literature is 0.1-0.4%. Tuberculosis may be found at multiple sites but incidence in the thyroid, pancreas, striated and cardiac muscle is extremely rare. Herein, we discuss a case of a 60 year old female complaining of a swelling in the front of the neck (more on the right side) since 45 days. Clinically it appeared to be a thyroid swelling. An ultrasound showed a bulky right lobe with heterogeneous echoes. FNAC showed features suggestive of a follicular adenoma. Intraoperatively a firm thyroid was palpable and total thyroidectomy was done. Histopathological examination was done revealing langhan giant cells and an area of caseous necrosis, confirming tuberculosis. The patient was started on thyroid replacement therapy and anti-tubercular therapy. The patient had no significant complications in the 6 months follow up period. In tuberculosis endemic areas, one must maintain a high index of suspicion for thyroid swellings which may show foci of tuberculosis, especially if they have an elevated ESR and other foci of tuberculosis. 

scholarly journals A clinical case of bronchoscopic detection and removal of a foreign body from the upper lobar bronchus on the right mimicking lung cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
L. V. Telegina ◽  
S. S. Pirogov ◽  
T. I.-A. Tazabaev ◽  
V. E. Khoronenko ◽  
A. S. Vodoleev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cigarette Filter ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lobar Bronchus ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Right

Foreign bodies in the respiratory tract are rare in adults. Clinical manifestations include hemoptysis among other signs which requires the examination to detect tuberculosis and lung cancer. The article describes a clinical case that demonstrates the possibilities of endoscopic diagnostics and treatment in the patient with an X-ray negative foreign body (a cigarette filter) that has been in the lumen of the upper lobar bronchus of the right lung for a long time which caused inflammation in the blocked lobe and mimicking endoscopically central lung cancer.

scholarly journals Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours of the respiratory tract: A series of three cases with varying clinical presentations and treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 458-463
Author(s):  
Dragana Tegeltija ◽  
Aleksandra Lovrenski ◽  
Goran Stojanovic ◽  
Milorad Bijelovic ◽  
Ivana Jelicic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in the respiratory system is a rare and controversial disease. It is macroscopically well-circumscribed, non-encapsulated, firm and usually a yellowish-white mass. Histologically it is composed of the following spindled and inflammatory cells: lymphocytes, plasma cells, and histiocytes, including Touton type multinucleated giant cells. Case Outline. The series included a 49-year-old man with a tracheal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor who complained of hoarseness; a 42-year-old man who was coughing and had a blood-stained sputum, and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor was in the right main and intermediate bronchus; and a 32-yearold man with chest pain and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor as a solitary peripheral nodule in the left lower lobe. In all the cases, the tumor was resected bronchoscopically and surgically. Conclusion. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the lung and the trachea is rare. Complete resection, when possible, should be the choice of treatment. After the complete removal, prognosis is generally excellent and recurrences are rare.

scholarly journals An experience with Foot Macrodactyly: A case report and review of literature

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-89
Author(s):  
Anupam Kaur ◽  
Amandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Malformation ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Ambulatory Ability ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

Macrodactyly is a rare congenital malformation with clinical manifestations such as enlargement of soft tissue and osseous elements. It causes various health issues such as pain, difficulty in wearing shoes, impairment in ambulatory ability and gait development, aesthetic problem, and psychological issues. The aetiology of macrodactyly is ambiguous; however, its association with PIK3CA /AKT1 genes has been reported recently. In the present study, a rare congenital macrodactyly of second and third toe of right foot along with deformed leg in 16-year-old girl has been reported. A progressive increase in the size of the second and third toe of the right foot and deformed reddish swollen area on the same lower leg below knee was seen in the patient. The malformation was present at the time of birth and at the age of one year the patient was operated for macrodactyly, but again the toe progressively increased to the previous size. She was presented with multiple health problems. There was no positive family history and/or other congenital malformation. Thus, it was suggested that due to variable phenotypic manifestations, appropriate treatment should be chosen for the patient individually.

scholarly journals An autopsy-proven case of Corticobasal degeneration heralded by Pontine infarction

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dallah Yoo ◽  
Sung-Hye Park ◽  
Sungwook Yu ◽  
Tae-Beom Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Corticobasal Degeneration ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Lacunar Infarction ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Dystonic Posturing ◽  
Proven Case ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by insidious progression with poorly-delineated long latent period. Antecedent clinical insult could rarely unmask latent neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we report an autopsy-proven case of corticobasal degeneration which was preceded by a lacunar infarction. Case presentation A 58-year-old man presented with acute ataxia associated with a lacunar infarction in the right paramedian pons. His ataxia persisted with additional progressive gait difficulty and left arm clumsiness. Six months later, a follow-up neurological examination showed asymmetrical bradykinesia, apraxia, dystonic posturing, postural instability, and mild ataxia of the left limbs. Cognitive examination revealed frontal executive dysfunction and visuospatial difficulties. Dopamine transporter imaging scan demonstrated bilateral reduced uptakes in mid-to-posterior putamen, more prominent on the right side. Levodopa-unresponsive parkinsonism, asymmetric limb dystonia, and ideomotor apraxia became more conspicuous, while limb ataxia gradually vanished. The patient became unable to walk without assistance after 1 year, and died 4 years after the symptom onset. Autopsy findings showed frontoparietal cortical atrophy, ballooned neurons, and phosphorylated tau-positive astrocytic plaques and neuropil threads with gliosis and neuronal loss, confirming the corticobasal degeneration. Conclusions The case illustrates that precedent clinical events such as stroke might tip a patient with subclinical CBS into overt clinical manifestations.

scholarly journals Gasperini Syndrome: A Case Report and Systematic Review and Proposing a New Definition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-439
Author(s):  
Riwaj Bhagat ◽  
Siddharth Narayanan ◽  
Marwa Elnazeir ◽  
Thong Diep Pham ◽  
Robert Paul Friedland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Brainstem Stroke ◽  
Neurological Features ◽  
The Right ◽  
Core Features

Gasperini syndrome (GS), a rare brainstem syndrome, is featured by ipsilateral cranial nerves (CN) V–VIII dysfunction with contralateral hemibody hypoesthesia. While there have been 18 reported cases, the GS definition remains ambiguous. We report a new case and reviewed the clinical features of this syndrome from all published reports to propose a new definition. A 57-year-old man with acute brainstem stroke had right CN V–VIII and XII palsies, left body hypoesthesia and ataxia. Brain MRI showed an acute stroke in the right caudal pons and bilateral cerebellum. After a systematic review, we classified the clinical manifestations into core and associate features based on the frequencies of occurring neurological deficits. We propose that a definitive GS requires the presence of ipsilateral CN VI and VII palsies, plus one or more of the other three core features (ipsilateral CN V, VIII palsies and contralateral hemibody hemihypalgesia). Additionally, GS, similar to Wallenberg’s syndrome, represents a spectrum that can have other associated neurological features. The revised definition presented in this study may enlighten physicians with the immediate recognition of the syndrome and help improve clinical localization of the lesions and its management.

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