scholarly journals The Evaluation of the Effect of Topical Fluoride on the Micro Hardness of Various Restorative Materials- an in Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhraleen Chakraborty ◽  
Deepti Jawa Singh ◽  
Shipra Jaidka ◽  
Rani Somani ◽  
Anu Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Percentage Reduction ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Topical Fluoride

Introduction: Dental caries considered to be a multifactorial disease requires meticulous management and prevention. For prevention the most successful and commonly used agent is fluoride and if applied topically by means of APF gel it has a success rate of around 60%. Aims and objectives: To evaluate and compare the micro hardness of the restorative materials after the application of APF gel. To evaluate the effect of topical fluoride on the micro hardness of various restorative materials using universal testing machine as well as to compare the micro hardness of the restorative materials after the application of APF gel. Materials and methods: 80 standardized restorative pellets made with various restorative materials constituted the sample size for the evaluation of micro hardness with and without the application of APF gel on the prepared restorative pellets. The prepared  80  molds were equally distributed for the preparation of  20  restorative pellets of four restorative materials each (viz.) Glass Ionomer Cement, Zirconomer, Amalgomer, Cention-N. Out of 20 samples prepared 10 samples were considered as control, which were tested without the application of APF gel. While 10 samples were taken as experimental, which were conditioned with APF gel before the test. Results: The result of the microhardness test after the application of fluoride gel showed that the highest microhardess was shown by Group III Amalgomer CR with mean 52.62 ± 0.65. The other materials in the order of decreasing hardness were Group IV Cention N 50.52 ± 0.69, Group II Zirconomer 46.80 ± 0.68 and least for Group I conventional Gic 43.38 ± 0.53. The percentage reduction of micro hardness after application of APF gel was recorded highest in GIC type IX followed by Amalgomer CR, Cention N and Zirconomer. Zirconomer has the least percentage reduction of micro hardness after application of APF gel amongst all the restorative materials. Keywords: APF gel, Amalgomer CR, Cention N, micro hardness, topical fluoride, Zirconomer.

Tensile bond strength of intracanal posts in primary anterior teeth: an in vitro study

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Pithan ◽  
Ricardo de Sousa Vieira ◽  
Marcelo Carvalho Chain
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Tensile Bond Strength ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Group I

The aim of this study was to measure in vitro; the tensile bond strength of three intracanal posts used in anterior primary teeth. A total of 45 single rooted primary anterior teeth were selected for the study and the crowns sectioned leaving 1mm above the cement-enamel junction. The roots were then assigned to three groups according the type of retention used. All roots were endodonticaly treated, a 4-mm of the canal was cleansed and a base of glass ionomer cement was put at the bottom of the prepared canal. The roots were then prepared to receive intracanal posts using a # 4137 diamond bur (KG Sorensen) used in a depth of 3-mm of the length of the canal. All the prepared roots were acid etched with a 37% phosphoric acid gel for 15 seconds, rinsed, dried and the dentin adhesive Single Bond (3M) was applied. Group I received intracanal posts and cores made of composite resin (Filtek Z 250, 3M). Group II intracanal posts were made from a 0.6mm orthodontic wire bent as a Greek letter type (gamma), fixed with the Z 250 composite resin and cores were built with the same composite. Finally Group III received intracanal retention made of a fiber glass post (Fibrekor Post, Generic/Pentron) with 1.25mm diameter, fixed with Z 250 and cores were made like the other groups. The samples were submitted to tension in a universal- testing machine (Instron, model 4444). Statistical analysis (ANOVA) reveled that there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. On the basis of the results of this in vitro study it was concluded that the type of intracanal post did not interfere with the tensile strength and the most frequent type of failure was of adhesive type, corresponding to 74% of the sample.

scholarly journals Time-dependent Variation in Compressive Strengths of Three Posterior Esthetic Restorative Materials: An in vitro Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-65
Author(s):  
Anjna Sharma ◽  
Pankaj Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Restorative Materials

ABSTRACT Aim To compare the compressive strengths of composite resins and resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs) at different times. Materials and methods A total of 36 samples were prepared, 12 samples of each group, composite resins Filtek Z 250, Filtek Z 350, and resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Compressive strengths of specimens were measured after 1, 24 hours, and 7 days. Test was carried out on a “Universal Testing Machine” with cross-head speed of 5 mm/min. Results There was a significant difference between all the three restorative materials. Analysis of variance showed that mean compressive strengths of Z 250 after 1, 24 hours were higher than Z 350 and RMGIC (p < 0.05). The mean compressive strengths were reduced after 7 days in all the three groups, but after 7 days, the values of Z 250 when compared with the Z 350 and RMGIC were higher. Conclusion The study demonstrated that compressive strengths of hybrid composite resins (Z 250) were significantly higher than that of nanocomposites (Z 350) and RMGIC. How to cite this article Sharma A, Mishra P, Mishra SK. Time-dependent Variation in Compressive Strengths of Three Posterior Esthetic Restorative Materials: An in vitro Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(3):63-65.

Comparative evaluation of compressive strength of esthetic restorative materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Dr. Sazan Sherdil Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Ionomer Cement

The present study was aimed to evaluate and compare the compressive strength ofconventional glass ionomer cement with resin modified glass ionomer, compomer andmicrohybrid composite. A total of 40 specimens of esthetic restorative materials werefabricated using customized cylindrical teflon mould measuring 6mm height and 4mmdiameter and were grouped with ten specimens in each group, Group I: Conventionalglass ionomer cement (Fuji II). Group II: Resin modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC).Group III: Compomer (Dyract AP) and Group IV: Microhybrid composite resin(Tetric Ceram).They were covered with Mylar strip and were cured using LED lightcuring unit. Compressive strength was evaluated using Universal testing machine. Theresult showed that there were a significant difference among the groups in whichTetric Ceram showed highest compressive strength and Fuji II showed the leastcompressive strength

scholarly journals Effect of Hand and Rotary Instruments on the Fracture Resistance of Teeth: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Nisha Acharya ◽  
Md Riasat Hasan ◽  
Dashrath Kafle ◽  
Anil Chakradhar ◽  
Takashi Saito
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: Endodontic treatment should be both conservative and effective. Endodontic instruments with a greater taper are used for coronal flaring, for proper debridement with efficient irrigation. However, increased taper of an instrument can remove a larger amount of pericervical dentin, compromising the strength of the tooth. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hand files, ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, and V Taper rotary instrument systems on the fracture resistance of teeth. Materials and Methods: In total, 60 extracted human maxillary first premolars were divided into four groups—Group I (Hand Files; HF), Group II (ProTaper Universal; PT), group III (ProTaper Next; PTN) and Group IV (V Taper; VT) (N = 15). Each group was instrumented with the respective instrument system, irrigated, obturated, restored, and mounted in cold cure acrylic. A universal load-testing machine (Shimadzu, Japan) was used to apply a vertical compressive load. The maximum force was recorded in Newton. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Independent t-tests were applied to compare the maximum mean force required to fracture the tooth. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in fracture resistance between Group I (HF) and Group II (PT) and between Group II (PT) and Group IV (VT) (p < 0.001). Similarly, a significant difference was observed between Group II (PT) and Group III (PTN) (p < 0.01). Furthermore, a significant difference was observed between Group I (HF) and Group III (PTN), and between Group III (PTN) and Group IV (VT) (p < 0.05), too. However, there was no statistically significant difference between Group I (HF) and group IV (VT) (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Rotary files with more taper seem to remove more pericervical dentin than traditional manual and rotary files with less taper, thus altering the strength of the tooth.

scholarly journals Assessment of shear bond strength of brackets bonded by direct and indirect techniques: an in vitro study

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Hideo Shimizu ◽  
Karlos Giovani Grando ◽  
Isabela Almeida Shimizu ◽  
Augusto Ricardo Andriguetto ◽  
Ana Cláudia Moreira Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Indirect Bonding ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

OBJECTIVE: This in vitro study was designed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic metal brackets bonded by direct and indirect techniques. METHODS: Thirty healthy human maxillary premolar teeth were used. The teeth were divided into three groups of 10 teeth each: Group I - indirect bonding with SondhiTM Rapid-Set system (3M/Unitek), Group II - indirect bonding with TransbondTM XT adhesive system (3M/Unitek) and Group III - direct bonding with TransbondTM XT adhesive system (3M/Unitek). After bonding and obtaining the specimens for the study, the specimens were subjected to SBS testing in a universal testing machine (Emic, model DL-500). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to ascertain that the data had a normal distribution and the Bartlett test to check whether there was homogeneity of variance. One-factor analysis of variance was performed and, subsequently, Tukey's test for paired means. A 5% significance level was adopted. RESULTS: The results of Group I were 67.6 (N) and 5.9 (MPa); Group II, 68.9 (N) and 6.1 (MPa) and Group III (control), 92.5 (N) and 8.1 (MPa). CONCLUSION: It can therefore be concluded that the means for Group III were significantly higher compared with Groups I and II in both Newton (N) and Megapascal (MPa) values. The means attained by the indirect bonding technique used in Groups I and II, however, exhibited no statistically significant differences.

scholarly journals Marginal Leakage of Endodontic Temporary Restorative Materials around Access Cavities Prepared with Pre-Endodontic Composite Build-Up: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1700
Author(s):  
Atsushi Kameyama ◽  
Aoi Saito ◽  
Akiko Haruyama ◽  
Tomoaki Komada ◽  
Setsuko Sugiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Restorative Material ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Zinc Oxide Eugenol ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Ionomer Cement

This study aimed to examine the marginal seal between various commercial temporary restorative materials and exposed dentin/built-up composite. Sixty bovine incisors were cut above the cemento-enamel junction, and half of the dentin was removed to form a step, which was built up using flowable resin composite. The root canals were irrigated, filled with calcium hydroxide, and sealed using one of six temporary sealing materials (hydraulic temporary restorative material, temporary stopping material, zinc oxide eugenol cement, glass-ionomer cement, auto-cured resin-based temporary restorative material, and light-cured resin-based temporary restorative material) (n = 10 for each material). The samples were thermocycled 500 times and immersed in an aqueous solution of methylene blue. After 2 days, they were cut along the long axis of the tooth and the depth of dye penetration was measured at the dentin side and the built-up composite side. For the margins of the pre-endodontic resin composite build-up, the two resin-based temporary restorative materials showed excellent sealing. Hydraulic temporary restorative material had a moderate sealing effect, but the sealing effect of both zinc oxide eugenol cement and glass-ionomer cement was poorer.

scholarly journals The Effect of Flowable Composite Lining Thickness with Various Curing Techniques on Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations: An in vitro Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nagalaxmi Reddy ◽  
DN Jayashankar ◽  
Mohanthomas Nainan
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Flowable Composite ◽  
Composite Restorations ◽  
Group I ◽  
Composite Lining

ABSTRACT Aim Aim of this study was to compare class II composite restoration using flowable composites as lining with various thickness and curing techniques by evaluating cervical marginal microleakage. Materials and methods Fifty intact molars, each prepared with two box-only class II cavities, were randomly divided into five groups: Group I, P60 filling alone; group II, ultrathin flowable composite lining (0.5-1mm) cocured with overlying composite; group III, thin lining (1-1.5) cocured with overlying composite; group IV, ultrathin lining (0.5-1 mm) precured and group V, thin lining (1-1.5) precured. The teeth were then thermocycled for 1500 cycles (between 5 and 60 °C) and immersed in dye for 24 hours. Cervical microleakage was measured as the extent of dye penetration. Results Cocured specimens (groups II and III) showed least microleakage and control specimens (group I) showed maximum microleakage. On comparison of curing techniques, cocured specimens (groups II and III) showed less microleakage than precured (groups IV and V). On comparison of lining thickness and type of curing, group IV showed less microleakage than group V. Groups II and III were statistically not significant. Conclusion It was concluded from the results that ultrathin cocured flowable composite lining specimens improved the marginal sealing with decreased microleakage. Clinical significance In this study, the application of additional flowable composite lining with various thicknesses presented different influences in marginal quality of class II box only composite restorations. A new technique applying an ultrathin flowable composite lining with cocuring technique improved the marginal sealing with decreased microleakage. Restorations with thin lining presented reduced marginal integrity after thermocycling. How to cite this article Reddy SN, Jayashankar DN, Nainan M, Shivanna V. The Effect of Flowable Composite Lining Thickness with Various Curing Techniques on Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(1):56-60.

Comparison of antibacterial efficacy of herbal extracts of aloe vera leaves and mushroom against streptococcus mutansand lactobacillus - an in vitro study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Bijo Kurian
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Mushroom Extract ◽  
Group I

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated and compared the antimicrobial efficacy and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of chlorhexidine 0.12% and extracts of aloe vera and mushroom against Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus. MATERIALS & METHODOLOGY: The agar disc diffusion and broth micro dilution method was used to check the antimicrobial activity of 0.12% chlorhexidine and aqueous extracts of two medicinal plants. The test samples were divided as follows- Streptococcus mutans, group I: chlorhexidine, group II: Aloe vera and group III: Mushroom. Lactobacillus, Group I: chlorhexidine, group II: Aloe vera extract and group III: Mushroom extract. The zone of inhibition and MIC values were tabulated and the data was statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni post- hoc tests. RESULTS: Chlorhexidine shows maximum antibacterial action against Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus followed by mushroom extract and aloe veraextracts with the zone of inhibition of (20.3mm/ 24.13), (17.03/ 16.05), (14.09/14.26) respectively. Both the extracts had MIC value of 80µg/ ml and chlorhexidine was 40µg/ml. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this in- vitro study, it can be concluded that all the herbal extracts tested in this study demonstrated antibacterial activity against MS and lactobacillus. Chlorhexidine showed maximum antibacterial action against Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus followed by mushroom extract and then aloe veraextracts with the zone of inhibition of (20.3mm/24.13), (17.03/ 16.05), (14.09/14.26) respectively. Herbal products have potent antimicrobial activity that can be looked at as an alternative to chlorhexidine. However, further in vitro and long-term in vivo studies are recommended to confirm and correlate the findings of this study clinically.

scholarly journals “Ormocer an innovative technology”: A replacement for conventional cements and veneer? A comparative in vitro analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 058-063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vini Rajeev ◽  
Rajeev Arunachalam ◽  
Sanjna Nayar ◽  
P. R. Arunima ◽  
Sivadas Ganapathy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Group I ◽  
Luting Cement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vitro Analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: This in vitro study was designed to assess shear bond strength (SBS) of ormocer flowable (OF) resin as a luting agent, ormocer as an indirect veneer material with portrayal of modes of failures using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and Methods: Sixty maxillary central incisors were divided into Group I, II, and III with 20 samples each based on luting cement used. They were OF, self-adhesive (SA) cement, and total etch (TE) cement. These groups were subdivided into “a” and “b” of ten each based on the type of veneering materials used. Veneer discs were fabricated using Ormocer restorative (O) and pressable ceramic (C). Specimens were thermocycled and loaded under universal testing machine for SBS. The statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA post hoc Tukey honest significant difference method. Results: A significant difference was observed between the Groups I and II (P < 0.05). The highest mean bond strength when using ormocer veneer was obtained with the Group Ia (19.11 ± 1.92 Mpa) and lowest by Group IIa (8.1 ± 1.04 Mpa), whereas the highest mean bond strength while using ceramic veneer was of similar range for Group Ib (18.04 ± 4.08 Mpa) and Group IIIb (18.07 ± 1.40 Mpa). SEM analysis revealed OF and TE presented mixed type of failure when compared with SA where failure mode was totally adhesive. Conclusion: OF was found equally efficient like TE. Bond strength of ormocer as a veneer was not inferior to ceramic making it one of the promising additions in the field of dentistry.

Evaluation and Comparison of Quantity and Pattern of Fluoride release from Orthodontic Adhesives: An in vitro Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devatha Ashok Babu ◽  
Sanjay Krishna Sriram ◽  
Ravindra Reddy Regalla ◽  
Chandulal Jadav ◽  
Roopa Rani S Sriram
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Fluoride Release ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Orthodontic Adhesives ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Topical Fluoride

ABSTRACT Background Orthodontic treatment has gained popularity since beginning of era of dentistry. Now a day, everyone is conscious about their appearance, smile and function. During orthodontic treatment use of brackets and adhesives are common. The bonding of brackets will cause demineralization which requires the fluoridation. So the study has been undertaken to analyze the pattern of fluoride release by commercially available adhesive bonding material for the prevention of demineralization. Aim To evaluate and compare the clinical significance of quantity and pattern of fluoride release from three commercially available adhesives. Objectives To assess the pattern of fluoride release and quantity, to reduce the decalcification of enamel around orthodontic brackets and bands during treatment and to prevent further use of topical fluoride both office and self-use agents for prevention of demineralization/for remineralization. Materials and methods The comparison of quantity and pattern of fluoride release study involved commercially available bonding adhesives. They are: Group I—resin reinforced glass Ionomer light cure material (OrthoLC), Group II—fluoride releasing composite resin material (Excel) and Group III— conventional composite (Relay-a-bond) evaluated on 78 freshly extracted premolar teeth divided into three groups consisting 26 specimens in each group. The prepared specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37°C in an incubator for subsequent fluoride analysis using ORION ion selective electrode coupled with ionalyzer 901. Fluoride analysis made at 24 hours intervals for first 3 consecutive days and thereafter at the end of 10th, 17th, 24th and 31st day of bonding. The data obtained were tabulated and interpreted by statistical analysis using ‘t’ test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Observations and Results The quantity of fluoride release in groups I and II was significant even at the end of 31st day. The one-way AVOVA showed intra and inter group significance in the quantity of fluoride release. But group III with zero fluoride release with significant decalcification on enamel which requires external use of topical fluorides. The pattern of fluoride released was 3.06 ppm for group I and 2.01 ppm for group II and was declined sharply after 24 hours; and continued to decline in subsequent weeks. Mean quantity of fluoride release by group I was 15.08 ppm were as group II was 9.02 ppm over the test period of 31 days. At the end of 31st day the group I bonding adhesive was releasing considerable amount of fluoride compared to group II whereas group III was nil. At all the periods inter and intra group mean values were highly significant. And group III acted as base line or control group as it was non fluoride releasing material. Conclusion Both the fluoride releasing adhesive bond material are useful to reduce the risk of demineralization and further prevent the usage of topical fluoride application and reduce cost and clinical visiting time for both patient and clinician. How to cite this article Regalla RR, Jadav C, Babu DA, Sriram RRS, Sriram SK, Kattimani VS. Evaluation and Comparison of Quantity and Pattern of Fluoride release from Orthodontic Adhesives: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):99-102.

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