scholarly journals ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF NEONATAL SEIZURES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BIOCHEMICAL ABNORMALITIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurdeep Singh Dhanjal ◽  
Vikramjot Singh ◽  
Gurnoor Singh
Keyword(s):  
Seizure Activity ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Neonatal Seizure ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Biochemical Abnormalities

Introduction: Neonatal seizure are the most frequent manifestation of neurological dysfunction in a neonate.  Detection of seizure and its etiology is important for guiding therapy. In the presence of biochemical abnormalities, it is difficult to control seizures and there is a risk of further brain damage. Early recognition and treatment of biochemical abnormalities are essential for optimal management and satisfactory long term outcome. The aim was to determine the etiology of neonatal seizures and to study the biochemical abnormalities. Material and Methods: The present study included 70 inborn neonates presenting with seizures admitted to the neonatal unit in MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India over a period of one and a half years. A detailed history was taken and clinical examination of the neonate was done. Etiological causes and various biochemical parameters were evaluated. Results:  Neonatal seizures occurred more commonly in males. The most common cause of neonatal seizures was birth asphyxia seen in 26 (37.1%) neonates followed by sepsis in 24 (34.3%) neonates. The Primary Biochemical abnormalities were seen in 12 (17.1%) neonates with seizures. Among these neonates, hypoglycemia was most commonly seen in 4 (33.3%) neonates followed by hypocalcemia seen in 3 (25%) neonates. Conclusion: Biochemical abnormalities are common in neonatal seizures and often go unrecognized. These abnormalities may significantly contribute to seizure activity and hence a biochemical workup is necessary for all cases of neonatal seizures.

Point of Care Neurosonogram in Neonates - Utility and Prognostic Value

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bhushita Lakhkar ◽  
M. M. Patil ◽  
Bhavana Lakhkar ◽  
Bhushan Lakhkar
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Periventricular Leukomalacia ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Doppler Study

Objective The study aimed to utilize the neurosonographic findings in neonates in early diagnosis, prediction of their long-term outcome, parental counseling, and early intervention. Methods The study was carried out in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Shri BM Patil Medical College and Hospital. All preterms and term babies with neurological clinical findings were included in the study. Neurosonogram was done within first 7 days in preterms and when indicated in terms. Philips HD11XE ultrasound and color Doppler unit were used with a small footprint probe. Color Doppler images for vessels were performed for screening of vascular changes. Results A total of 215 babies were included, of which 80 (32%) were term and the rest were preterm. Mean weight of term babies was 2.8 kg and that of preterm was 1.2 kg.Among term babies, 78% showed ultrasound abnormality, and among preterm, 42%showed abnormalities. Among term babies, 60% and, among preterms, 30% had birth asphyxia. Periventricular leukomalacia was the most common and earliest finding followed by thalamic hyperechogenicity and intracranial hemorrhage. Intraventricular hemorrhage was more common in preterm babies. Other common finding in NICU was meningitis which was more common in pretrms. Among congenital anomalies, corpus callosal agenesis was more common. Conclusions Point of care ultrasonography along with Doppler study is very useful and safe to use in NICUs. It helps in diagnosis, patient management as well as prediction of many short- and long-term outcomes.

Early Aneurysm Surgery and Preventive Therapy with Intravenously Administered Nimodipine: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Dose-Comparison Study

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim M. Gilsbach ◽  
Hans J. Reulen ◽  
Bengt Ljunggren ◽  
Lennart Brandt ◽  
Hans v. Holst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Dose Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Incidence

Abstract A European, multicenter. prospective, randomized. double-blind, dose-comparison study on preventive therapy with intravenously administered nimodipine was performed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of two different doses: 2 and 3 mg/h. Two hundred four patients fulfilled the criteria for enrollment in the study; surgery within 72 hours after the last subarachnoid hemorrhage, and age between 16 and 72 years. All patients who had Hunt and Hess grades of I to III were operated upon: patients who had poor Hunt and Hess grades (IV-V) were operated on according to the surgeon's choice. This treatment regimen was associated with a low incidence of delayed neurological dysfunction with no significant difference between the two dosage groups: three patients (1.5%) remained severely disabled and two (1%) moderately disabled due to vasospasm with or without additional complications. Among the patients with Hunt and Hess grades of IV or V. the long-term outcome was favorable (good-fair) for 40% and unfavorable for 60%. Among the patients with grades of I to III, the long-term outcome was favorable for 89% and unfavorable for 11%.

Long-term Outcome of LGI-1 Encephalitis in Chinese: a 2-year follow-up

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendeng Xu ◽  
Feifei He ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Jing Ye
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Residual Symptom ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome

Abstract Background Antibodies directed to leucien-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI-1) encephalitis is a rare autoimmune encephalitis,characterized by limbic encephalitis syndrome and faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) . Most of cases are sensitive to immunotherapy in acute phase. Our aim was to give a detailed description of the long-term outcome of the LGI-1 encephalitis in Chinese . Methods We enrolled 36 patients with LGI-1 antibodies in serum/CSF from September 2013 to December 2016 and of which 28 patients were performed a 2-year follow-up. Clinical data of all patients was recorded and clinical outcome was assessed at 2-year follow-up. Follow-up MRI was scanned in partial patients. Results 11(39.3%)patients(mRS =0)had complete recovery,7(25.0%)patients(mRS =1)had mild neurological dysfunction, 10(7.2%)patients had severe neurological dysfunction(mRS≥2)and 8 patients (28.6%) had relapses.The numbers of patients with residual psychiatric change and memory deficit was 5 (17.8%)and 15(53.6%) respectively. No patients had a residual seizures and FBDS. Follow-up MRI were available in 10 patients. Among 5 patients with normal MRI in acute phase, 1 patients showed bilateral hippocampus atrophy on follow-up MRI and among 5 patients with abnormal MRI in acute phase, 4 patients showed lesion partial remission, 1 patients showed lesion dissolve on follow-up MRI. Conclusion Our study showed that only one third of patients with IGI-1 encephalitis got complete recovery at 2-year follow-up and relapses are common. The major residual symptom is memory deficit.

scholarly journals Long-term Outcome of Neonatal Seizures

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-18
Author(s):  
J. G. Millichap
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome

scholarly journals Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Adolescents Associated with COVID-19: Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 13-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
BS Mahapatra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Recognition ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Multidisciplinary Care ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adults ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a newly recognized multiorgan disease seen in children, adolescent and young adults presumed to be a delayed immune mediated complication of Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection leading to severe acute respiratory syndrome. MIS-C can be associated with life threatening organ dysfunction requiring complex multidisciplinary care. Early recognition is important in order to prevent complication and serious sequalae. Because it is a post infective complication, in most of the cases RT-PCR comes negative though antibodies to COVID-19 are positive. Although SARS-CoV-2 in children are generally mild and nonfatal, there is increasing evidence of MIS-C. Clinical and laboratory features of MIS-C are similar to those of Kawasaki disease like syndrome and Toxic Shock Syndrome. Pathophysiology of MIS-C is still unclear and mainly due to formation of autoantibody and immune complex which activates inflammation. Most of the MIS-C associated with COVID-19, need treatment with ionotropic agents and anticoagulants. The long-term outcome of MIS-C like coronary artery aneurysm formation remain unknown and needs close follow up.

scholarly journals Clinico- Biochemical Profile of Neonatal Seizure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
GS Shah ◽  
MK Singh ◽  
S Budhathoki ◽  
BK Kalakheti ◽  
DD Baral
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Etiological Factor ◽  
Neonatal Seizure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Biochemical Abnormalities

Objectives: The present study was undertaken to study the incidence, etiological factor, and days of onset, clinical types and biochemical abnormalities in babies having neonatal seizures. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, observational hospital based study. Ninety neonates, who developed seizures before 28 days of life and admitted to neonatal intensive care unit and nursery with neonatal seizure, were evaluated for incidence, etiological factor, clinical types and biochemical abnormalities found in neonatal seizure. The variables were analysed using Chi- Square and student t- test. Results: The incidence of neonatal seizure was 10.3/ 1000 live births. The seizures were common in male babies. 65 (72.2%) neonates were born to multiparous women while 35 (38%) were born to primigravidas. In birth asphyxia (n= 40), the most common type of seizure observed was subtle seizure 20 (50%), followed by focal clonic 10 (25%) and multifocal clonic 5 (12.5%). Tonic type of seizure was observed in 3 (7.5%) and myoclonic in 2 (5%). Meningitis and septicaemia was the second most common cause of neonatal seizure observed in our study. Among metabolic abnormalities hypoglycaemia was found in 20 (22%) and hypocalcaemia in 10 (11%). Conclusion: The commonest cause of seizure was birth asphyxia presenting within 72 hours of life. Among infection septicaemia and meningitis was the most common cause leading to neonatal seizure. Among biochemical abnormalities the most common cause of seizure observed in our study was hypoglycaemia and hypocalcaemia. Subtle seizures were the commonest type of seizure observed in this study. Key words: Neonatal seizure, biochemical disturbances in seizure.    DOI = 10.3126/jnps.v28i1.1398   J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.28(1) p.7-9

scholarly journals Clinical profile, etiology, type and outcome of neonatal seizures: a hospital-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Mohmad Saleem Chesti ◽  
Naveed Shahzad ◽  
Shilakha Chaman ◽  
Sheenam Gazala
Keyword(s):  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Neonatal Seizure ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Acute Symptomatic Seizure ◽  
Ethical Clearance ◽  
Common Infections

Background: Our study was undertaken to study the etiological factor, clinical profile, types and outcome of newborn with neonatal seizures (NNS).Methods: Our study was hospital based prospective study was done in Sheri Kashmir institute of medical sciences (SKIMS) Bemina from April 2013 to April 2015 in NICU, after obtaining ethical clearance from institutional ethical committee. All neonates fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in our study.Results: In our study, 80 neonates with seizures were included in our study, among them 48 were males and 32 were females. Majority of neonates (57.5%) developed seizures during first 72 hours of life due to birth asphyxia. Commonest types of neonatal seizures observed in our study were subtle observed in 46 cases, followed by tonic (21.2 %), clonic (14.9 %) and mixed (6.2%) seizures. Birth asphyxia was commonest cause (57.5%) of NNS, sepsis with meningitis (18.7%) followed by hypoglycemia (13.7%) and hypocalcemia (5%). Cases of birth asphyxia were associated with higher mortality (58.3%) as compared to cases with metabolic seizures.Conclusions: From our study we conclude that commonest cause of neonatal seizure was birth asphyxia occurring within 72 hours of birth. Sepsis and meningitis were also common infections resulting in neonatal seizure, while as hypoglycaemia and hypocalcemia were common biochemical abnormalities leading to NNS. Early identification and treatment are likely important for long-term outcomes in acute symptomatic seizure.

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