Correlation between stromal cell-derived factor 1 and the prognosis of transient ischemic attack

Background: Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) (1) is a neurological dysfunction of transient cerebrovascular ischemia, which is more common in clinical practice. The risk of further progression to ischemic stroke after a higher TIA can be used as a strong early warning signal of cerebral infarction. Objectives: To explore the correlation between stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and the prognosis of TIA. Methods: A number of 65 patients with TIA were collected, the ABCD2 clinical risk prediction score was implemented, relevant tests and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed, and the SDF-1 was recorded in serum levels. End-point events were selected in patients after cerebral infarction in the short term. The statistical analysis method was used to evaluate TIA short-term development for the occurrence of cerebral infarction after risk, the severity of serum level of SDF-1, and infarction. Results: Based on the results, the high-risk group, middle-risk group, and low-risk group had statistically significant differences in serum SDF-1 levels (F=3.820; P<0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated that ABCD2 score was positively correlated with serum SDF-1 (r=0.349; P<0.05). End-point events were included in the occurrence group and not included in the non-occurrence group. The SDF-1 level of the occurrence group was significantly higher than that of the non-occurrence group. Based on the cranial MRI results as the gold standard, the areas under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) drawn based on the SDF-1, ABCD2 score, SDF-1 combined with the ABCD2 score, and the occurrence of end-point events were obtained at 0.717, 0.697, and 0.762, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of SDF-1 were reported as 77.8% and 68.1%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the ABCD2 score were 83.3% and 48.9%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of SDF-1 combined with the ABCD2 score were 72.2% and 76.6%, respectively. Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, SDF-1 is associated with ABCD2 score risk classification. Patients with high levels of SDF-1 combined with the ABCD2 score have a higher risk of cerebral infarction. Elevated SDF-1 levels may indicate that TIA patients have a poor short-term prognosis and have a certain predictive value for the diagnosis of the risk of ischemic stroke in the short term.

The stromal cell-derived factor-1 α (SDF-1α)/cysteine-X-cysteine chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis: a possible prognostic indicator of acute ischemic stroke

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060519827173 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 1897-1907

Author(s):

Xianjun Huang ◽

Mei Wan ◽

Qian Yang ◽

Xianhui Ding ◽

Zhiming Zhou

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Scale Score ◽

Chemokine Receptor ◽

Stromal Cell ◽

Infarct Volume ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Stromal Cell Derived Factor ◽

Chemokine Receptor 4 ◽

Cxcr4 Axis

Objective The stromal cell-derived factor-1α/cysteine-X-cysteine chemokine receptor 4 (SDF-1α/CXCR4) axis promotes neuroprotection and angiogenesis in animal studies. Few studies have investigated the potential clinical implications of the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We evaluated the prognostic values of the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis in patients with proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Methods Fifty-five patients and 18 age- and sex-matched volunteers were enrolled. Baseline clinical characteristics and risk factors of stroke were recorded. Peripheral whole blood cells were double stained with anti-CD34 and anti-CXCR4 (CD184). CD34+CXCR4+ cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plasma SDF-1α levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results In the AIS group, plasma SDF-1α levels and the number of circulating CD34+CXCR4+ cells were significantly higher than those in controls. Day 1 SDF-1α levels were negatively correlated with infarct volume (r = −0.521) and the initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (r = −0.489). SDF-1α levels (day 1: r = −0.514; day 3: r = −0.275; day 7: r = −0.375) and circulating CD34+CXCR4+ cells (day 7: r = −0.282) were inversely associated with the 90-day modified Rankin Scale score. Conclusion The SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis has potential applications for predicting the clinical outcome of AIS.

Short-Term Prognosis of Transient Ischemic Attack and Predictive Value of the ABCD2 Score in Hong Kong Chinese

Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra ◽

10.1159/000360074 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 40-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lai Hong Simon Chiu ◽

Wah Hon Yau ◽

Ling Pong Leung ◽

Peter Pang ◽

Chee Tat Tsui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Hong Kong Chinese ◽

Short Term ◽

Abcd2 Score ◽

High ABCD2 Scores and In-Hospital Interventions following Transient Ischemic Attack

Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra ◽

10.1159/000450692 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 76-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Shawna Cutting ◽

Elizabeth Regan ◽

Vivien H. Lee ◽

Shyam Prabhakaran

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Heart Association ◽

Reperfusion Therapy ◽

Large Artery ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Risk Patients ◽

Abcd2 Score ◽

Ischemic Attack ◽

Ischemic Events

Background and Purpose: Following transient ischemic attack (TIA), there is increased risk for ischemic stroke. The American Heart Association recommends admission of patients with ABCD2 scores ≥3 for observation, rapid performance of diagnostic tests, and potential acute intervention. We aimed to determine if there is a relationship between ABCD2 scores, in-hospital ischemic events, and in-hospital treatments after TIA admission. Methods: We reviewed consecutive patients admitted between 2006 and 2011 following a TIA, defined as transient focal neurological symptoms attributed to a specific vascular distribution and lasting <24 h. Three interventions were prespecified: anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation, carotid or intracranial revascularization, and intravenous or intra-arterial reperfusion therapies. We compared rates of in-hospital recurrent TIA or ischemic stroke and the receipt of interventions among patients with low (<3) versus high (≥3) ABCD2 scores. Results: Of 249 patients, 11 patients (4.4%) had recurrent TIAs or strokes during their stay (8 TIAs, 3 strokes). All 11 had ABCD2 scores ≥3, and no neurological events occurred in patients with lower scores (5.1 vs. 0%; p = 0.37). Twelve patients (4.8%) underwent revascularization for large artery stenosis, 16 (6.4%) were started on anticoagulants, and no patient received intravenous or intra-arterial reperfusion therapy. The ABCD2 score was not associated with anticoagulation (p = 0.59) or revascularization (p = 0.20). Conclusions: Higher ABCD2 scores may predict early ischemic events after TIA but do not predict the need for intervention. Outpatient evaluation for those with scores <3 would potentially have delayed revascularization or anticoagulant treatment in nearly one-fifth of ‘low-risk' patients.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and stromal cell-derived factor-1 combination therapy: A more effective treatment for cerebral ischemic stroke

International Journal of Stroke ◽

10.1177/1747493019879666 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 743-754 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ming-Li Wang ◽

Li-Xiang Zhang ◽

Jun-Jie Wei ◽

Lv-Li Li ◽

Wei-Zhang Zhong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Stromal Cell ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Stromal Cell Derived Factor ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽

Stimulating Factor

Background Drugs that promote angiogenesis include statins, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and stromal cell-derived factor-1. Low doses of atorvastatin could significantly increase the vascular expressions of endothelial growth factor, and the number of peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), thus improving angiogenesis and local blood flow. G-CSF is an EPC-mobilization agent used in ischemia studies for targeting angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia via EPCs. In previous clinical trials, consistent conclusions have not been reached about the effectiveness of G-CSF on ischemic stroke. Therefore, the therapeutic effect of G-CSF and its combination with other medicines need further experimental verification. It is known that atorvastatin, rhG-CSF, and SDF-1 are considered the most promising neuroprotective candidates, but a comprehensive comparison of their effects is lacking. Aims To compare the effects of atorvastatin, stromal cell-derived factor-1, and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on ischemic stroke. Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three groups: normal, sham-operated, and middle cerebral artery occlusion operated. Middle cerebral artery occlusion operated rats were further allocated into saline, atorvastatin, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor + stromal cell-derived factor-1 groups. Neurological function evaluation, cerebral infarction and the blood–brain barrier integrity analysis, identification of angiogenic factors, assessment of angiogenesis, expression of growth-associated protein-43, neuroglobin, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, and cleaved caspase 3, were performed. Results Compared with atorvastatin or recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor alone, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor + stromal cell-derived factor-1 treatment improved neurological performance, reduced cerebral infarction and blood–brain barrier disruption after stroke, and increased the content of stromal cell-derived factor-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, and basic fibroblast growth factor in peripheral blood. In addition, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor + stromal cell-derived factor-1 promoted greater angiogenesis than atorvastatin or recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor alone and increased the expression of growth-associated protein-43, neuroglobin, and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, while decreasing the levels of cleaved caspase 3 in the brain after ischemic stroke. Conclusions Combination therapy with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and stromal cell-derived factor-1 is more effective than atorvastatin or recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor alone in protecting against stroke-induced damage and could be an optimal therapeutic strategy for stroke.

Short-Term and Long-Term Risk of Incident Ischemic Stroke After Transient Ischemic Attack

Stroke ◽

10.1161/strokeaha.109.569707 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 239-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Evan L. Thacker ◽

Kerri L. Wiggins ◽

Kenneth M. Rice ◽

W.T. Longstreth ◽

Joshua C. Bis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Short Term ◽

The use of neurovascular ultrasound versus digital subtraction angiography in acute ischemic stroke

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20140231 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 218-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marcos C. Lange ◽

Tatiana P. Bruch ◽

Jeff C. Pedrozo ◽

Luana Maranha ◽

Thiago Mamôru Sakae ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Hospital Admission ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Digital Subtraction Angiography ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Ultrasound Examination ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Digital Subtraction ◽

Cervical and intracranial arterial evaluation is an important issue for acute ischemic stroke (IS). Objective Compare the use of the neurovascular ultrasound examination (NVUE) to digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in acute IS patients for diagnosing significant extracranial and intracranial arteriopathy. Method Nonconsecutive patients with IS or transient ischemic attack admitted within 12 hours of the onset of symptoms were evaluated retrospectively. Standardized NVUE and DSA were done in all patients within the first 120 hours of hospital admission. Results Twenty-four patients were included in the study. Compared to DSA, the NVUE demonstrated 94.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity for identifying symptomatic extracranial and/or intracranial arteriopathy. Conclusion The standardized NVUE technique demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity compared to DSA for diagnosing arterial abnormalities in acute IS patients.

Statin Administration Does Not Improve the Mobilization of Very Small Embryonic-Like Stem Cells (VSELs) in Contrast to Resveratrol Treatment in a Murine Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Physiological Research ◽

10.33549/physiolres.932390 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 543-549 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

H. WANG ◽

Y.-J. YANG ◽

H.-Y. QIAN ◽

Q. ZHANG ◽

L.-J. GAO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cardiac Function ◽

Stromal Cell ◽

Statin Treatment ◽

Positive Control ◽

Short Term ◽

Cellular Cardiomyoplasty ◽

Stromal Cell Derived Factor

We have found that short-term statin treatment plus stem cell transplantation in acutely infarcted hearts improves cardiac function because statins promote the efficacy of cellular cardiomyoplasty. Autologous Sca-1+Lin-CD45-(CXCR+) very small embryonic-like stem cell (VSEL) mobilization in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) correlates with the preservation of cardiac function. Whether short-term atorvastatin (Ator) can enhance the mobilization or recruitment of VSELs in AMI is still unclear. We divided mice into 4 groups: 1) sham; 2) AMI; 3) AMI+resveratrol (RSV) as a positive control; and 4) AMI+Ator. There was an increase in the circulating VSEL/full population of leukocytes (FPL) ratio 48 hours after AMI, and AMI+RSV increased it further. Ator administration did not increase the VSEL/FPL ratio. The cardiac stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and SDF-1α levels were in agreement with the results of VSEL mobilization. One week after AMI, more Sca-1+CXCR+ cells were recruited to the myocardium of AMI+RSV mice but not AMI+Ator mice. Short-term Ator administration failed to upregulate cardiac SDF-1 and could not enhance the recruitment of VSELs early after AMI.

Ticagrelor Added to Aspirin in Acute Nonsevere Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack of Atherosclerotic Origin

Stroke ◽

10.1161/strokeaha.120.032239 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (12) ◽

pp. 3504-3513

Author(s):

Pierre Amarenco ◽

Hans Denison ◽

Scott R. Evans ◽

Anders Himmelmann ◽

Stefan James ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Absolute Risk ◽

Hazard Ratio ◽

Number Needed To Treat ◽

Severe Bleeding ◽

Vascular Events ◽

End Point ◽

Atherosclerotic Stenosis ◽

Background and Purpose: Among patients with a transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic strokes, those with ipsilateral atherosclerotic stenosis of cervicocranial vasculature have the highest risk of recurrent vascular events. Methods: In the double-blind THALES (The Acute Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack Treated With Ticagrelor and ASA for Prevention of Stroke and Death) trial, we randomized patients with a noncardioembolic, nonsevere ischemic stroke, or high-risk transient ischemic attack to ticagrelor (180 mg loading dose on day 1 followed by 90 mg twice daily for days 2–30) or placebo added to aspirin (300–325 mg on day 1 followed by 75–100 mg daily for days 2–30) within 24 hours of symptom onset. The present paper reports a prespecified analysis in patients with and without ipsilateral, potentially causal atherosclerotic stenosis ≥30% of cervicocranial vasculature. The primary end point was time to the occurrence of stroke or death within 30 days. Results: Of 11 016 randomized patients, 2351 (21.3%) patients had an ipsilateral atherosclerotic stenosis. After 30 days, a primary end point occurred in 92/1136 (8.1%) patients with ipsilateral stenosis randomized to ticagrelor and in 132/1215 (10.9%) randomized to placebo (hazard ratio 0.73 [95% CI, 0.56–0.96], P =0.023) resulting in a number needed to treat of 34 (95% CI, 19–171). In patients without ipsilateral stenosis, the corresponding event rate was 211/4387 (4.8%) and 230/4278 (5.4%), respectively (hazard ratio, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.74–1.08]; P =0.23, P interaction =0.245). Severe bleeding occurred in 4 (0.4%) and 3 (0.2%) patients with ipsilateral atherosclerotic stenosis on ticagrelor and on placebo, respectively ( P =NS), and in 24 (0.5%) and 4 (0.1%), respectively, in 8665 patients without ipsilateral stenosis (hazard ratio=5.87 [95% CI, 2.04–16.9], P =0.001). Conclusions: In this exploratory analysis comparing ticagrelor added to aspirin to aspirin alone, we found no treatment by ipsilateral atherosclerosis stenosis subgroup interaction but did identify a higher absolute risk and a greater absolute risk reduction of stroke or death at 30 days in patients with ipsilateral atherosclerosis stenosis than in those without. In this easily identified population, ticagrelor added to aspirin provided a clinically meaningful benefit with a number needed to treat of 34 (95% CI, 19–171). Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT03354429.

Association of serum levels of antibodies against ALDOA and FH4 with transient ischemic attack and cerebral infarction

10.21203/rs.3.rs-18584/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hao Hao Wang ◽

Hao Hao Lu ◽

Xiao-Meng Xiao-Meng Zhang ◽

Ken-ichiro Ken-ichiro Goto ◽

Eiichi Eiichi Kobayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Cerebral Infarction ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Smoking Habit ◽

Case Control ◽

Human Aortic Endothelial Cell ◽

Ischemic Attack ◽

Antibody Levels ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background and Purpose: Ischemic stroke, such as Transient ischemic attack (TIA) and cerebral infarction (CI) , are the serious problems in the aging society. Therefore, development of biomarkers for TIA and CI is attempted.Methods: Candidate antigens recognized by IgG autoantibodies in the sera of nineteen TIA patients were screened by a human aortic endothelial cell cDNA library. Serum antibody levels against the antigens were examined by amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay-linked immunosorbent assay (AlphaLISA) in healthy donor (HD), TIA, and CI cohorts (n = 285, 92 and 529). A case-control study nested within the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Cohort Study (JPHC) was performed.Results: Aldolase A, fructose-bisphosphate (ALDOA) and fumarate hydratase (FH) were identified as the candidate antigens. AlphaLISA revealed that anti-ALDOA and anti-FH antibody levels were both higher in TIA or CI patients than in HDs ( P < 0.0001). The levels of anti-ALDOA [Odds ratio (OR): 2.46, P = 0.005] and anti-FH (OR: 2.49, P = 0.0037) were independent predictors of TIA by multivariate logistic regression analysis, similar results were found in CI. The case-control study showed the levels of anti-ALDOA (OR: 2.50, P < 0.01) and anti-FH (OR: 2.60, P < 0.01) were associated with risk of CI. Spearman’s correlation analysis demonstrated an association between the anti-ALDOA and anti-FH levels and risk factors of ischemic stroke, such as age, smoking habit, coronary heart disease, and hypertension.Conclusions: Anti-ALDOA and anti-FH antibodies can serve as novel potential biomarkers for prediction of TIA and CI.