Global Restructuring, Knowledge and Learning

2004 ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
E. Hershberg
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
International Competitiveness ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Global Restructuring ◽  
Intensive Exploitation ◽  
High Road

The influence of globalization on international competitiveness is considered in the article. Two strategies of economic growth are pointed out: the low road, that is producing more at lower cost and lower wages, with increasingly intensive exploitation of labor and environment, and the high road, that is upgrading capabilities in order to produce better basing on knowledge. Restrictions for developing countries trying to reach global competitiveness are formulated. Special attention is paid to the concept of upgrading and opportunities of joining transnational value chains. The importance of learning and forming social and political institutions for successful upgrading of the economy is stressed.

scholarly journals The structuralist tradition in economics: methodological and macroeconomics aspects

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABRÍCIO MISSIO ◽  
FREDERICO G. JAYME JR. ◽  
JOSÉ LUÍS OREIRO
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Theory ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
General Aspects ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
High Road ◽  
Center Periphery

This paper examines the structuralist tradition in economics, emphasizing the role that structures play in the economic growth of developing countries. Since the subject at hand is evidently too large to cover in a single article, an emphasis has been brought to bear upon the macroeconomic elements of such a tradition, while also exploring its methodological aspects. It begins by analysing some general aspects of structuralism in economics (its evolution and origins) associated with ECLAC thought, in this instance focusing on the dynamics of the center-periphery relationship. Thereafter, the macroeconomic structuralism derived from the works of Taylor (1983, 1991) is presented, followed by a presentation of neo-structuralism. Centred on the concept of systemic competitiveness, this approach defines a strategy to achieve the high road of globalization, understood here as an inevitable process in spite of its engagement being dependent on the policies adopted. The conclusions show the genuine contributions of this tradition to economic theory.

Have FDI, Globalisation and Energy Security Addressed the Malaise in the Nigerian Economy? A Quantile Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 097674792110356
Author(s):  
Hammed Oluwaseyi Musibau ◽  
Tobiloba Adedoyin Adenekan ◽  
Waliu Olawale Shittu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
The Third ◽  
Positive Effect

Nigeria, among other developing countries, faces a lot of challenges on growth and global competitiveness as a result of low foreign capital and energy insecurity, among others. Using a quantile-on-quantile regression technique on Nigeria’s data covering 1980–2017, this article examines the impacts of foreign direct investment (FDI), energy security and globalisation on economic growth. Our empirical findings suggest the following: (a) the net impact of energy security on economic growth is negative—implying that energy security impedes growth in Nigeria; (b) globalisation stimulates economic growth across all quantiles, but only significant at the third quantile; (c) as expected, each of labour and capital produces a positive effect on growth; and (d) there exists an adverse, non-significant effect of FDI on economic growth across all quantiles. Similarly, there is evidence of a bidirectional causality between economic growth and FDI; economic growth and energy security; economic growth and globalisation; FDI and globalisation; as well as between energy security and globalisation. There is, however, a uni-directional causality running from energy security through FDI. The policy recommendations of these findings are also explained in the concluding section. JEL: Q43, Q56

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF LABOUR DEMAND, A CASE OF MOGADISHU CITY, SOMALIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
Mahad Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Cheap Labour ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of labour demand, a case of Mogadishu City, Somalia.Methodology: The paper employed desktop methodology, which involved review of existing literature relating to the study topic. The design involves a review of existing studies relating to the research topic.Results: Based on the findings the study identified cost as a key determinant of labour demand, especially, in the formal sector. Previous studies indicate that most firms demand for cheap labour. The study also identified education as an important determinant of demand for labour in the World. Owing to the increasing global competitiveness, firms demand for highly skilled and competent workforce. Unfortunately, majority of workforce in developing countries such as Somalia do not have the right skills and competence.  Further,  the study concluded that a country with a stable economic growth enjoys high demand for labour. This is because the available workforce is skilled and competent enough.  However, in developing countries such as Somalia, the demand for labour is very low. Somalia has experienced long period of economic slowdown, and this has affected the quality of workforce.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the study findings the study recommends that the federal government of Somalia should adopt measures to regulate labour cost. The study also recommends that the government should adopt more measures to promote education. The study further recommends for international interventions to ensure that Somalia’s economy gets back on its fit. Stable economic growth will lead to increased demand for labour.

Inter-country inequality as a dynamic process and the problem of post-industrial development

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Industrial

The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.

Modern university as an economic growth driver: Models & missions

2017 ◽  
pp. 58-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Karpov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Education Research ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Technology Markets ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Business Ecosystem ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The University

The paper considers the modern university as an economic growth driver within the University 3.0 concept (education, research, and commercialization of knowledge). It demonstrates how the University 3.0 is becoming the basis for global competitiveness of national economies and international alliances, and how its business ecosystem generates new fast-growing industries, advanced technology markets and cost-efficient administrative territories.

Markets, Technological Change and Economic Growth (The Quaid-i-Azam Lecture)

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (4I) ◽  
pp. 327-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Lipsey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Canadian Institute ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Short Time

I am honoured to be invited to give this lecture before so distinguished an audience of development economists. For the last 21/2 years I have been director of a project financed by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research and composed of a group of scholars from Canada, the United States, and Israel.I Our brief is to study the determinants of long term economic growth. Although our primary focus is on advanced industrial countries such as my own, some of us have come to the conclusion that there is more common ground between developed and developing countries than we might have first thought. I am, however, no expert on development economics so I must let you decide how much of what I say is applicable to economies such as your own. Today, I will discuss some of the grand themes that have arisen in my studies with our group. In the short time available, I can only allude to how these themes are rooted in our more detailed studies. In doing this, I must hasten to add that I speak for myself alone; our group has no corporate view other than the sum of our individual, and very individualistic, views.

CORRELATION BETWEEN TAX POLICY AND CORRUPTION IN THE LEGAL PERSPECTIVE FOR COUNTRY'S ECONOMIC GROWTH

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Gideon J. ◽  
Edgar H. ◽  
Ivan I. ◽  
Nabil N. ◽  
Aptina A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Transparency International ◽  
Tax Amnesty ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
State Income ◽  
The Government

<p>People Tax is the main source of state income. The better the tax policy of a country, the better the development of a country. One of the factors that influence the level of public awareness in paying taxes is corruption. Study shows that tax collection is one of them influenced by corruption. In the data of Corruption Perceptions Index 2016 reported by Transparency International, Indonesia is ranked 90 out of 176 countries. Tax evasion is a serious problem for many countries. Every year, the government loses revenue potential as many residents evade taxes in various ways. For this reason, the government implements tax amnesty. Tax amnesty is designed to permanently reduce the amount of underground economy activity, thereby increasing tax revenues in the future and developing countries can grow well.</p>

Secondary prevention in the clinical management of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Core components, standards and outcome measures for referral and delivery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Interventional Therapies ◽  
Limited Period

Despite major improvements in diagnostics and interventional therapies, cardiovascular diseases remain a major healthcare and socio-economic burden both in western and developing countries, in which this burden is increasing in closecorrelation to economic growth. Health authorities and the general population have started to recognize that the fightagainst these diseases can only be won if their burden is faced by increasing our investment on interventions in lifestylechanges and prevention. There is an overwhelming evidence of the efficacy of secondary prevention initiatives includingcardiac rehabilitation in terms of reduction in morbidity and mortality. However, secondary prevention is still too poorlyimplemented in clinical practice, often only on selected populations and over a limited period of time. The developmentof systematic and full comprehensive preventive programmes is warranted, integrated in the organization ofnational health systems. Furthermore, systematic monitoring of the process of delivery and outcomes is a necessity.

Relating regional crises and political cohesion from an ASEAN and EU-ASEAN perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
Naila Maier-Knapp
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
International Community ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Common Concern ◽  
The Common ◽  
Regional Grouping

In December 2015, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) celebrated the official establishment of the ASEAN Community. Having emerged in 1967 as a regional grouping of developing countries with minimal shared interests—beyond the common concern of economic growth and national resilience, ASEAN now has established regional structures which have been vital in enhancing development and dialogue on a broad range of issues across the Southeast Asian region. Over the years, the institutional development at the regional level has been accompanied by various efforts to promote regional unity and identity. The more recent years have also displayed that the international community has been supporting these efforts for ASEAN unity and identity by showing greater recognition of ASEAN as an international actor in its own right, for example, through the establishment of numerous country delegations to ASEAN.

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