scholarly journals Understanding Black-African International Students’ Experiences in United States Colleges and Universities through Social Identity Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Carole Awuor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Students ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Black African

In this literature review, Henri Tajfel’s social identity theory (SIT) is explained and examined as potentially useful for analyzing the experiences of Black-African international students (BAIS) in U. S. colleges and universities. Race has been and still is a major issue in the United States. Through this review of literature, I sought to find out how BAIS race affected their experiences in the United States.

Lost in Misconceptions about Social Identity Theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1189-1191
Author(s):  
Deborah Welch Larson ◽  
Alexei Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Competition ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
The Us ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
The Status ◽  
Zero Sum

Abstract Dissatisfied with their relative standing in the world, China and Russia are challenging the US-dominated liberal order. Could US accommodation of their status concerns reduce conflict? The psychological rationale for status accommodation is rooted in the insights of social identity theory (SIT), which argues that persistent status denial leads lower-status groups to “lash out.” Steven Ward (2017) objects that political scientists have misinterpreted SIT. In his view, impermeable group boundaries only affect individuals and do not lead to intergroup conflict. Ward's narrow critique overlooks the larger meaning and significance of SIT, which is about how frustration and anger over status barriers and unfair treatment motivate lower-status groups to challenge the status quo. Social competition is positional and zero-sum. Given the insights of SIT, Ward's recommendation that the United States demonstrate to China and Russia the futility of status competition is likely to provoke a backlash and increase the risk of military conflict. Instead, SIT implies a continuing process of status accommodation and efforts to maintain the legitimacy and stability of US leadership.

Perceptions of the heterogeneity of party elites in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth N Simas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
The United States ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Party Elites ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Psychological Bias

While it is widely accepted that in the United States, political party labels serve as brand names which cue voters about the beliefs and ideologies of members, I explore the possibility that the signals sent by these labels are contingent upon the party membership of the individual voter. More specifically, I draw on social identity theory and hypothesize that individuals will be more likely to perceive heterogeneity among members of their own party. I find support for this hypothesis in perceptions of both the overall ideologies and voting records of US senators. Additionally, I compare respondent perceptions back to actual voting records and find that inpartisans are (1) only more likely to be correct when senators do in fact vote differently and (2) significantly less likely to be correct when senators vote the same way. These results suggest that the partisan differences uncovered are due to psychological bias and not just informational asymmetries and that biases stemming from group membership may lead to distorted opinions of senators and the representation they provide.

Political Partisanship as a Social Identity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie Huddy ◽  
Alexa Bankert
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Developing Democracies ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Political Partisanship ◽  
Lively Debate

Partisanship remains a powerful influence on political behavior within developed and developing democracies, but there remains a lively debate on its nature, origins, and measurement. In this debate, political scientists draw on social identity theory to clarify the nature of partisanship and its political consequences in the United States and other developed and developing democracies. In particular, social identity theory has been used to develop an expressive model of partisanship, which stands in contrast to an instrumental model grounded in ideological and policy considerations. Included here are a discussion of the key motivational and cognitive components of social identity theory and an explanation of how the theory can be applied to the study of partisanship. The focus is on the measurement of partisanship, its social nature, its origins in convergent identities, and its ability to generate strong emotions and drive political engagement. Lastly, areas for future partisanship research are discussed. These areas include the study of negative partisan identities, coalitional identities in multiparty systems, and the political situations in which expressive and instrumental aspects of partisanship are most common.

scholarly journals Experiences and Expectations of International Students at Historically Black Colleges and Universities: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Miguel Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Students ◽  
Historically Black ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Black Colleges ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Historically Black Colleges ◽  
Black Colleges And Universities

International students are the most important population in the American higher education system, particularly for students from different cultural backgrounds. Besides research-based universities, comprehensive universities, and liberal arts colleges, historically black colleges and universities have the traditions to provide an equal learning environment to minorities, including international students. This study aimed to understand the academic experiences and expectations of Chinese international students enrolled at historically black colleges and universities in the Southeastern parts of the United States from the lens of neo-racism. One research question guided this study, which was: How would Chinese international university students describe their academic learning experience, expectations, stress, and difficulties at one of the historically black colleges and universities? The interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was employed to explore the academic experience, difficulties, stress, and lived stories of their academic voyage at one of the historically black colleges and universities in the United States. The findings indicated that discrimination based on skin color, nationality, and race, the gaps in academic expectations, and social unfairness of internship opportunities are still significant. The result indicated the directions and recommendations for leaders, policymakers, school administrators, and related professionals to redesign the current university planning and related counselling services to not only international students but all minority people.

A Social Identity Perspective on the Legalization of Marijuana in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Geiger-Oneto ◽  
Travis Simkins
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Medical Marijuana ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Recreational Marijuana ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Medical Marijuana Use

Using Social Identity Theory, this article explores the process by which a stigmatized consumption practice, namely recreational and medical marijuana use, has been gaining regulatory and normative legitimacy. An online panel (N=432) was surveyed about motivations to support the transition of a market from illegal to legal status from people who do not intend to directly participate in it. Consistent with Social Identity Theory, results indicated that that: (1) marijuana users reported a higher level of support for the legalization of medical and recreational marijuana than non-users; (2) status insecurity enhanced the level of support for legalizing medical marijuana among in-group members and decreased the level of support for out-group members (those not identifying with marijuana users). In addition, results suggested that non-users may engage in legitimation practices to benefit their communities rather than promoting individual level benefits. Overall, the present research provides a link between the micro level motivational processes of group members to support/oppose the transition of an illegal market to one with regulatory legitimacy.

scholarly journals The Hard Path of Becoming a Visiting Scholar in the U.S.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Margherita Daho'
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Visiting Scholars

With globalization and the continual growth of studies abroad, many Ph.D. students apply to move to other countries for an exchange experience. Many students select the United States as their preferred destination, attracted by the perceived better quality of education. The United States also tries to attract international students to its colleges and universities. However, becoming a visiting scholar is very hard and takes considerable time. Applications and bureaucracy are cumbersome and major support is required, especially for international students. This article is a reflection on my experience planning an exchange experience in the United States during my Ph.D. I also offer recommendations for improving the experiences of international visiting scholars.

scholarly journals Counseling International Students: Clients from Around the World

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-192
Author(s):  
Raul A. Leon ◽  
Jamie Chmiel
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
International Students ◽  
International Education ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
The World

International students have emerged as a student population that plays a critical role in the internationalization efforts of institutions of higher education across the world. Currently, the United States leads the world in the number of international students on local campuses. In 2000, a total of 547,867 international students were enrolled in U.S. colleges and universities. According to the Open Doors report, the number of international students reached 764,495 in 2011 (Institute of International Education, 2012).

scholarly journals International Students and Scholars in the United States: Coming From Abroad

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-298
Author(s):  
Neete Saha
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
International Students ◽  
International Education ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Critical Issues

International students and scholars in the United States: Coming from abroad is a well-written, well-researched, and well-timed monograph. In pursuit of higher education, international students have continued to attend colleges and universities in the United States of America in spite of the educational, emotional, and cultural issues. According to the Institute of International Education (IIE), 723, 277 international students and more than 115,000 international scholars matriculated in American colleges and universities in 2010/2011 (pp. 4-9). The editors, Heike Alberts and Helen Hazen, have not only provided readers with an opportunity to learn about international students and scholars from Asia, Africa, and Europe but have also addressed critical issues faced by the international students and scholars in the United States. 

scholarly journals Comparing International and American Students’ Challenges: A Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-721
Author(s):  
Cody J. Perry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Students ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
International Student ◽  
The United States ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Future Research ◽  
American Students ◽  
American Economy

International student numbers have increased drastically in the past few years. International students provide benefits to universities and American students such as greater revenue, and more open-mindedness. There have been myriad studies that have examined the international student experience, but most have focused solely on international students. However, a careful examination of the current literature demonstrates that the presence of international students in the United States offers a variety of benefits to American students by improving cultural awareness, students’ self-evaluated skills, and even the American economy. This literature review highlights future research that should be performed as well as strategies that can be implemented by faculty and administration to help international students who are currently studying in the United States.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Nationalism and global solidarities

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Fadhila Inas Pratiwi ◽  
Ahalla Tsauro
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
Global Solidarity

As the COVID-19 crisis emerged, many forms of nationalism have been rising, such as racism, state individualism, vaccine nationalism, and so forth. However, this kind of nationalism cannot solve the global pandemic that affects various aspects of human life that needs global solidarity in the framework of thinking. The purpose of this article is to explore the relationship between COVID-19, nationalism, and global solidarity. This article used the literature review method to compare and contrast the COVID-19, Nationalism, and Global Solidarity arguments by using reputable resources such as journals, research reports, and news articles. This article was divided into three sections: 1) the explanation about nationalism, its definition, and theoretical approach, 2) state and nationalism in crisis time, 3) cooperation and global solidarity. It concluded that the COVID-19 period showed us people tend to have greater individuality and higher attachment to their groups and state, as Social Identity Theory (SIT) suggests. It manifested in state nationalist view that state as the sole player in mitigating this pandemic shows selfish attitude. However, as the COVID-19 served as a global pandemic, it also needs global solidarity which has been proven in solving the spread of coronavirus and tackle its impact.

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