scholarly journals Living in the Vicinity of the Yugoslav–Hungarian Border (1945–1960)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-27
Author(s):  
Péter Vukman
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Background Information ◽  
World War ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
South Slavs ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Village

The history of Hungarian–Yugoslav relations was characterized by frequent changes after 1945. The rapid improvement of bilateral relations was abruptly interrupted by the escalation of the Soviet–Yugoslav conflict in 1948–1949. Tensions eased only after 1953 when a slow and time-consuming process of normalization started between the two states. These often-dramatic twists and turns had a profound and often intense impact on the everyday lives of those Hungarians and ethnic South Slavs who lived in the vicinity of the Hungarian–Yugoslav border. Breaks, changes, and continuities can all be observed at the local level. In this article, I will examine these factors in the case of South Slavic minorities living in Hercegszántó (Santovo), a village located in an area known as the Baja triangle. In the first part of the paper, I will provide the reader with some background information on the history of Hungarian–Yugoslav relations, with a particular emphasis on minorities. Then in the second part, I will analyse the ethnic and social composition of the village, its history after World War II, the effects of rapidly deteriorating Hungarian–Yugoslav relations after 1948 and, finally, the hopes and fears of the local Magyars and South Slavs during the period of normalization (1953–1956). My conclusions are based on archival research mostly carried out at several Hungarian archives.

Structural Integrity in Merchant Ships

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Rolfe
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Background Information ◽  
World War ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Marine Industry ◽  
History Of ◽  
Brittle Fractures ◽  
Fracture Control ◽  
Periodic Changes

Since World War II, periodic changes in the fabrication, design, and material specifications for ship steels have been made to preclude brittle fractures. These various changes are described briefly, along with a history of fracture control for ships to serve as background information for a discussion of the present-day structural integrity program for ships in the marine industry. As additional information related to the structural integrity of ship structures, a review of two recent ship failures (e.g., the Ingram Barge in 1972 and the Chester A. Poling in 1977) is presented to demonstrate some of the factors involved in brittle fractures of ships. In both of these failures there were other factors contributing to the final brittle fractures that were more important than the notch toughness levels. These factors are reviewed as the basis for an observation regarding the overall structural integrity of merchant ships.

scholarly journals Gyoma hõsi halottai az elsõ világháborúban

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Benjámin Dávid
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
World War ◽  
National Data ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
20Th Century History ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social Demographic ◽  
The Village ◽  
First World

Examining the consequences of the First World War, it can be concluded that its impact on the demographic conditions was significant. In addition to the national data it is important to examine them on local level, too. Based on these studies interesting data have been found. Therefore, I have decided to examine the 20th century history of my hometown, Gyomaendrõd in detail. (It is important to note that during the investigated period Gyoma and Endrõd were two separate villages.) Gyoma village is a traditional lowland settlement which is located in Bekes County. Based on the 1910 census, 11 699 people lived in Gyoma. The denominational share of Gyoma in 1910 shows a Calvinistic majority (74%), Catholic (15%) and Lutheran (8,5%) minority. If the nationalities are examined, it can be noticed that 94% of the population is of Hungarian nationality, while there is a 5% German minority. In my research I set two main objectives: Firstly, I will clarify how many of the men enlisted from the settlement died, where, when and in which corps. Based on the exact war loss and official statistics it will be shown how it led to social, demographic and economic changes in the life of the village. For my research I used documents found in the Békés County Archives of Békési Branch Archives, more precisely the death certificates were used as primary resources.

Myrdal's "Asian Drama" (Review Article)

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-625
Author(s):  
Jan Tinbergbn
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Background Information ◽  
World War ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
First Order ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
History Of

The publication by one of Europe's greatest scholars about the world's most important problem area is an event of the first order. The scholar I mean is Myrdal and the area South-Asia. I am happy to offer some comments on this book, called "Asian Drama", with the well-chosen subtitle "An Inquiry into the Poverty of Nations" [1], both because of its merits and because of the challenges it contains to somebody so sympathetic to the author's view and at the same time so full of doubt with regard to a number of methodological issues raised. The book covers an impressive multitude of subjects and is fascinating in many respects. It brings a good deal of history of the area, from before its political independence obtained after World War II, to to-day and gives a lot of interesting background information in Chapters 4 and 5 on how the frontiers of the countries were established. It gives pictures of the great leaders of in¬dependence, Gandhi (pp.92, 754-55 for some striking elements), Nehru and Jinnah. It deals extensively with the backgrounds and consequences of Parti¬tion (Chapter 6) and with the not-too-good role the French and the Dutch played (p. 226) in their colonies.

Les Revenants, Tignes, and the Return of Post-war Modernisation

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-160
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Clark ◽  
Brian R. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
World War ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Village ◽  
Trente Glorieuses

This chapter reads the French television hit Les Revenants (The Returned, Canal+, 2012-2015) as a parable of the uneasy legacy of France’s “Trente glorieuses,” the period of rapid economic growth that followed World War II. Situating the show’s fictional city and its story of failing dams in the history of the real dam that inspired it—the dam that displaced the village of Tignes in 1952—the chapter argues that Les Revenants encourages us to re-think the Trente glorieuses and its long-term effects and to ask both what became of the projects that defined these years and what has re-emerged from the shadows of their glories—from failing infrastructure and a police surveillance state to the environmental consequences now associated with the Anthropocene.

U.S.-Mexican Groundwater Problems: Bilateral Prospects and Implications

1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Mumme
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Groundwater Hydrology ◽  
World War ◽  
Illegal Aliens ◽  
Drug Smuggling ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
History Of

Obscured amid the headline issues of illegal aliens, drug smuggling, and the Mexican petroleum bonanza, yet another controversy is nascent in U.S.-Mexican relations the dispute over common groundwaters underlying the frontier zone. This dispute, with roots in the recent salinity accords of 1973, emerges as the latest phase in the long history of water resource controversies exacerbating problems between the two nations.Until recently, the history of U.S.-Mexican water relations had been one of preoccupation with the capture and distribution of shared surface waters. The present dispute thus marks a distinctive evolution in bilateral relations. Moreover, just as the groundwater issue is new, it also points to the complexity of the transboundary ecology and the special problems of interdependence. Only since World War II, for instance, have the full implications of the area's groundwater hydrology been appreciated with respect to such matters as quality, distribution, and movement.

“A Powerful Protector of the Japanese People”: The History of the Japanese Hospital in Steveston, British Columbia, Canada, 1896–1942

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-81
Author(s):  
Helen Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
World War ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
Japanese Internment ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Hospital Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Village

AbstractFrom 1896 to 1942, a Japanese hospital operated in the village of Steveston, British Columbia, Canada. For the first 4 years, Japanese Methodist missionaries utilized a small mission building as a makeshift hospital, until a larger institution was constructed by the local Japanese Fishermen’s Association in 1900. The hospital operated until the Japanese internment, after the attack on Pearl Harbor during World War II. This study offers important commentary about the relationships between health, hospitals, and race in British Columbia during a period of increased immigration and economic upheaval. From the unique perspective of Japanese leaders, this study provides new insight about how Japanese populations negotiated hospital care, despite a context of severe racial discrimination. Japanese populations utilized Christianization, fishing expertise, and hospital work to garner more equitable access to opportunities and resources. This study demonstrates that in addition to providing medical treatment, training grounds for health-care workers, and safe refuge for the sick, hospitals played a significant role in confronting broader racialized inequities in Canada’s past.

scholarly journals Narrative sources on the events of the Great patriotic war in the Kuban

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
Ju. G. Bich ◽  
T. A. Samsonenko ◽  
E. L. Mishustina
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Difficult Times ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

This article presents the results of studies on the daily history of the Soviet period of our state during the difficult times of World War II. The work considers the southern region of the USSR, the territory of the Krasnodar Territory (the city of Krasnodar and the village of Pavlovskaya.) Some local families left the Kuban at the beginning of the war and left, for example, to evacuate. Others were forced to stay, during the occupation of the region and its capital by the Nazi troops in 1942-1943 they were in the Kuban, in Krasnodar. This article is based on both previously unpublished memoirs of city residents collected by the authors (memoirs by Razinskaya S.A., Zhigir E.G., Morozova E.V., Yesayan M.A.) and published as personal memoirs and diaries (Khudoley I.I., Chalenko K.N.). For the first time, on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the Victory of our country in World War II, an attempt was made to put into scientific circulation these materials, telling about the pre-occupation period of the Territory and the city of Krasnodar, as well as directly the time of the occupation of the southern region by fascist invaders. It is concluded that the stories of ordinary people – eyewitnesses to important historical events, the so-called narrative sources (oral and recorded memoirs, letters, diaries and school essays) provide historians with invaluable material to restore the picture of everyday life of the military historical era.There is no conflict of interests.

The Film World’s Cooperative Store: Institutions and Films of the 1930s and 1940s

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Claire Thomson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Early History ◽  
World War ◽  
International Context ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This chapter traces the early history of state-sponsored informational filmmaking in Denmark, emphasising its organisation as a ‘cooperative’ of organisations and government agencies. After an account of the establishment and early development of the agency Dansk Kulturfilm in the 1930s, the chapter considers two of its earliest productions, both process films documenting the manufacture of bricks and meat products. The broader context of documentary in Denmark is fleshed out with an account of the production and reception of Poul Henningsen’s seminal film Danmark (1935), and the international context is accounted for with an overview of the development of state-supported filmmaking in the UK, Italy and Germany. Developments in the funding and output of Dansk Kulturfilm up to World War II are outlined, followed by an account of the impact of the German Occupation of Denmark on domestic informational film. The establishment of the Danish Government Film Committee or Ministeriernes Filmudvalg kick-started aprofessionalisation of state-sponsored filmmaking, and two wartime public information films are briefly analysed as examples of its early output. The chapter concludes with an account of the relations between the Danish Resistance and an emerging generation of documentarists.

Confluencia geopolítica entre Cárdenas y Roosevelt:

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-254
Author(s):  
Andreu Espasa
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
New Deal ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
World War ◽  
Military Alliance ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The New Deal

De forma un tanto paradójica, a finales de los años treinta, las relaciones entre México y Estados Unidos sufrieron uno de los momentos de máxima tensión, para pasar, a continuación, a experimentar una notable mejoría, alcanzando el cénit en la alianza política y militar sellada durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El episodio catalizador de la tensión y posterior reconciliación fue, sin duda, el conflicto diplomático planteado tras la nacionalización petrolera de 1938. De entre los factores que propiciaron la solución pacífica y negociada al conflicto petrolero, el presente artículo se centra en analizar dos fenómenos del momento. En primer lugar, siguiendo un orden de relevancia, se examina el papel que tuvo la Guerra Civil Española. Aunque las posturas de ambos gobiernos ante el conflicto español fueron sustancialmente distintas, las interpretaciones y las lecciones sobre sus posibles consecuencias permitieron un mayor entendimiento entre los dos países vecinos. En segundo lugar, también se analizarán las afinidades ideológicas entre el New Deal y el cardenismo en el contexto de la crisis mundial económica y política de los años treinta, con el fin de entender su papel lubricante en las relaciones bilaterales de la época. Somewhat paradoxically, at the end of the 1930s, the relationship between Mexico and the United States experienced one of its tensest moments, after which it dramatically improved, reaching its zenith in the political and military alliance cemented during World War II. The catalyst for this tension and subsequent reconciliation was, without doubt, the diplomatic conflict that arose after the oil nationalization of 1938. Of the various factors that led to a peaceful negotiated solution to the oil conflict, this article focuses on analyzing two phenomena. Firstly—in order of importance—this article examines the role that the Spanish Civil War played. Although the positions of both governments in relation to the Spanish war were significantly different, the interpretations and lessons concerning potential consequences enabled a greater understanding between the two neighboring countries. Secondly, this article also analyzes the ideological affinities between the New Deal and Cardenismo in the context of the global economic and political crisis of the thirties, seeking to understand their role in facilitating bilateral relations during that period.

Recasting Bourgeois Europe

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Maier ◽  
Charles S. Maier
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Group Representation ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
European History ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Economic Stabilization

The author, one of the most prominent contemporary scholars of European history, published this, his first book, in 1975. Based on extensive archival research, the book examines how European societies progressed from a moment of social vulnerability to one of political and economic stabilization. Arguing that a common trajectory calls for a multi country analysis, the book provides a comparative history of three European nations—France, Germany, and Italy—and argues that they did not simply return to a prewar status quo, but achieved a new balance of state authority and interest group representation. While most previous accounts presented the decade as a prelude to the Depression and dictatorships, the author suggests that the stabilization of the 1920s, vulnerable as it was, foreshadowed the more enduring political stability achieved after World War II. The immense and ambitious scope of this book, its ability to follow diverse histories in detail, and its effort to explain stabilization—and not just revolution or breakdown—have made it a classic of European history.

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