scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONAL INSURANCE IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Sokyrko ◽  
Iryna Komarovska
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Insurance Contracts ◽  
Current State ◽  
Health Care Funding ◽  
The Us ◽  
Personal Insurance

The article examined the theoretical foundations of personal insurance, the basic types of personal insurance and comparison of social and personal insurance and their insurance risks. Including the current state and development of personal insurance in Ukraine in conditions of Covid-19. Analyzed the main statistical indicators of personal insurance, in particular the dynamics of life insurance companies, set of insurance premiums and insurance payments of medical and personal voluntary insurance. Rankings of life insurance companies from Covid-19 are built during the onset of the pandemic. Health care funding that provides health care fees between different groups of the population is carried out through medical insurance. World experience shows that the insurance market contributes not only to the development of the economy, but also to the solution of social problems. This reduces the effect on the expenditure part of the budget is reduced and state spending on social security of citizens, thereby opening up the possibility of solving problems of protection of the most disadvantaged groups. However, world best practices in combating pandemic Covid-19. In particular, the experience of China was considered, which showed that health insurance coverage should be provided to all to segments of the population, which greatly affected the fight against the pandemic during the fight against it. The experience of Italy showed that the country was not ready for fight against a coronavirus pandemic. The country has taken urgent measures that are aimed at supporting the most affected, both citizens and industries economics. Italian insurers offer their customers a reprieve for motor insurance, life insurance and insurance contracts entrepreneurial risks. The US experience showed that the country spends on Healthcare 11.5% of gross profit, that’s more than any country in the world. At the same time, more than 15% of citizens do not have financial protection from high costs, for medical care due to lack of insurance health policies due to high prices. The article highlights the main shortcomings and proposes certain recommendations for solving problems of personal insurance in Ukraine using certain elements of foreign experience.

RSBY: delivering health insurance through public-private contracting

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Dayashankar Maurya ◽  
Amit Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Sulagna Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Public And Private Sector

Learning outcomes The central lesson to be learned from studying the case is to understand the challenges and constraints posed by contextual conditions in designing contracts in public–private partnerships (PPP) for financing and delivering health care in emerging economies such as India. Case overview/synopsis Perverse incentives, along with contextual conditions, led to extensive opportunistic behaviors among involved agencies, limiting the effectiveness of otherwise highly regarded innovative design of the program. Complexity academic level India’s “Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana” or National Health Insurance Program, launched in 2007 provided free health insurance coverage to protect millions of low-income families from getting pushed into poverty due to catastrophic health-care expenditure. The program was implemented through a PPP using standardized contracts between multiple stakeholders from the public and private sector – insurance companies, hospitals, intermediaries, the provincial and federal government. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS: 10 Public Sector Management.

scholarly journals The convergence of racial and income disparities in health insurance coverage in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Chih Lee ◽  
Hailun Liang ◽  
Leiyu Shi
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
The Us ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Vulnerability Measure

Abstract Objective This study applied the vulnerability framework and examined the combined effect of race and income on health insurance coverage in the US. Data source The household component of the US Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS-HC) of 2017 was used for the study. Study design Logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between insurance coverage status and vulnerability measure, comparing insured with uninsured or insured for part of the year, insured for part of the year only, and uninsured only, respectively. Data collection/extraction methods We constructed a vulnerability measure that reflects the convergence of predisposing (race/ethnicity), enabling (income), and need (self-perceived health status) attributes of risk. Principal findings While income was a significant predictor of health insurance coverage (a difference of 6.1–7.2% between high- and low-income Americans), race/ethnicity was independently associated with lack of insurance. The combined effect of income and race on insurance coverage was devastating as low-income minorities with bad health had 68% less odds of being insured than high-income Whites with good health. Conclusion Results of the study could assist policymakers in targeting limited resources on subpopulations likely most in need of assistance for insurance coverage. Policymakers should target insurance coverage for the most vulnerable subpopulation, i.e., those who have low income and poor health as well as are racial/ethnic minorities.

scholarly journals Correlates of health care access problems among reproductive age women in Ethiopia: In-depth analysis of 2016 Ethiopia demographic Health Survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
koku Tamirat ◽  
Zemenu Tadesse Tessema ◽  
Fentahun Bikale Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Reproductive Age Women

Abstract Background Health care access is timely use of personal health services to achieve best health outcomes. Difficulties to access health care among reproductive age women may led to different negative health outcomes to death and disability. Therefore, this study aimed to assess factors associated with problems of accessing health care among reproductive age women in Ethiopia.Method This study was based on 2016 Ethiopia Demography and Health Survey. Individual women record (IR) file was used to extract the dataset and 15, 683 women were included in the final analysis. A composite variable of problem of accessing health care were created from four questions used to rate problem of accessing health care among reproductive age women. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was fitted to identify factors associated with problem of accessing health care. Crude and Adjusted odds ratio with a 95%CI computed to assess the strength of association between independent and outcome variables.Result In this study the magnitude of problem in accessing health care among reproductive age women was 69.9% of with 95%CI (69.3 to 70.7). Rural residence (AOR= 2.13, 95%CI: 1.79 to 2.53), women age 35-49 years (AOR= 1.24, 95%CI: 1.09 to 1.40), married/live together (AOR= 0.72, 95%CI: 0.64 to 0.81), had health insurance coverage (AOR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.70 to 0.95), wealth index [middle (AOR=0.75,95%CI: 0.66 to 0.85) and rich (AOR=0.47,95%CI:0.42 to 0.53)], primary education(AOR= 0.80, 95%CI: 0.73 to 0.88), secondary education (AOR= 0.57, 95%CI:0.50 to 0.64) and diploma and higher education (AOR= 0.43, 95%CI: 0.37 to 0.50) were factors associated with problem of health care access among reproductive age women.Conclusion Despite better coverage of health system, problems of health care access among reproductive age women were considerably high. Health insurance coverage, middle and rich wealth, primary and above educational level were negatively associated with problems health care access. In contrast, older age and rural residence were positively associated with problems of health care access among reproductive age women. This suggests that further interventions are necessary to increase universal reproductive health care access for the achievement of sustainable development goals.

Modular Prosthetic Design for Transtibial Child Amputees

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan M. Hickey ◽  
Samuel T. Woo ◽  
Sally F. Shady
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Prosthetic Design ◽  
Current State ◽  
Limb Deficiencies

Lower limb deficiencies and below knee amputations are the most common form of deficiency that may arise from disease or trauma, and returning a patient close to a normal quality-of-life requires prosthetics, which can be quite challenging. Children present even further difficulty to prosthetists and physicians than adults. Although the underlying prosthetic principles for adults are the same for children, additional considerations must be made for practicality, such as downsizing while maintaining its degree of complexity, and frequent appointments to account for the rapid growth of an adolescent. This review article will evaluate the current state-of-the-art in the field of transtibial-amputee prosthetics, review the insurance coverage a typical family would face, and suggest potential improvements to children’s biomimetic prostheses that aid in reducing the frequency of health care provider intervention.

scholarly journals 4536 Identification of the most salient risk factors of preterm birth in the US using geospatial mapping

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 31-32
Author(s):  
Alexander J Layden ◽  
Janet Catov
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
County Level ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
The Us ◽  
Geospatial Mapping

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Preterm birth is the most common birth complication in the United States. To date, there are no effective public health strategies to reduce the burden of prematurity. Using geospatial information system (GIS) mapping, we identified the most salient risk factors of preterm birth across US counties targetable for future interventions. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Risk factors of preterm birth were identified from the perinatal health nonprofit organization, March of Dimes, and included factors such as obesity, smoking, insurance coverage and poverty. US 2013 county-level data on sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral risk factors and preterm birth were extracted and combined from the American Census, Center for Disease Control, and US Health Resources and Services Administration. Spatial autocorrelation and multivariate spatial regression were used to determine the risk factors most strongly associated with preterm birth. These models were adjusted for race, given well-documented race disparities for preterm birth. As a case-study comparison, we mapped risk factors in the two states with the highest and lowest proportion of preterm births in 2013. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: In our preliminary analysis, obesity was the factor most strongly associated with preterm birth (ß = 7.32, SE: 1.13, p<0.001) at the US county-level. Surprisingly, smoking was not found to be significantly associated with preterm birth. In 2013, Vermont had the lowest prevalence of preterm birth at 7.6% and Mississippi had the highest prevalence of preterm birth at 13.1%. Health insurance coverage and obesity were the two risk factors that differed between Vermont and Mississippi. The median proportion of uninsured individuals in Mississippi counties was four times higher than that of Vermont counties (26.3% vs 10.9%, p<0.01). Similarly, the median obesity prevalence in Mississippi counties was significantly higher than the median obesity prevalence in Vermont counties (38.8% vs. 25.2%). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Public health efforts aimed at reducing obesity and increasing health insurance coverage may have the greatest impact at addressing the US burden of preterm birth. Further, geospatial mapping is a powerful analytic tool to identify regions in the US where preterm birth interventions would be most beneficial.

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