scholarly journals SPECIAL-PURPOSE VEHICLES OF FOREIGN LAW ENFORCEMENT FORCES: RIOT CONTROL VEHICLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
V.O. Yevsieiev ◽  
R.V. Butko ◽  
Ye.I. Honcharov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
Riot Control

The Year of the Cop

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-63
Author(s):  
Max Felker-Kantor
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Ronald Reagan ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Officer Training ◽  
Federal Law Enforcement ◽  
Riot Control ◽  
The Way

The LAPD’s postwar model of policing routinely served as a standard for departments across the country. Backed by federal Law Enforcement Assistance Administration funds and support from newly elected law-and-order governor Ronald Reagan, the LAPD led the way in bolstering its paramilitary function through riot control plans, the use of helicopters, and the invention of Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) teams, which was quickly adopted by other departments. At the same time, the department sought to legitimize the iron fist with the velvet glove of community relations and improved officer training. As this chapter shows, the LAPD engaged in a process of militarization and enhanced its martial capacity while expanding its reach through community relations programs.

Health and Medical Preparedness and Response to the 2008 Republican National Convention

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Hick ◽  
Ralph J. Frascone ◽  
Katherine Grimm ◽  
Merle Hillman ◽  
Jayne Griffith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
National Security ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Special Events ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
National Convention ◽  
Riot Control

ABSTRACTObjective: National security special events occur yearly in the United States. These events require comprehensive advance planning for health and medical contingencies in addition to law enforcement concerns. The planning for and impact of the Republican National Convention (RNC) on the City of St Paul and the Minneapolis–St Paul metropolitan area is described.Methods: Descriptive analysis of events was provided by the authors based on their planning and operational experiences. Daily data were gathered from area hospitals, emergency medical services agencies, the National Weather Service, federal medical teams, and the Minnesota Department of Health to capture the impact of the RNC on emergency department activity, nonemergency surgery, emergency medical services run volumes, patient visits to onsite and offsite medical clinics, and general hospital occupancy in the metropolitan area.Results: There were no epidemiological signal events. Weather was not extreme. Confrontations between protestors and law enforcement resulted in frequent use of riot-control agents. Protestors sought medical care from “street medics” and their affiliated free clinics in preference to usual medical facilities. Emergency departments close to the event venue reported decreased patient volumes. Hospitals close to the venue reported significantly decreased nonemergency surgical case volumes. Local hospitals implemented access controls and in 1 case, shut down ventilation systems due to riot-control agent deployment in the streets outside. Emergency medical services volumes were near average, with the exception of St Paul Fire Department on the day of a major protest march.Conclusions: Planning and operational response for the RNC consumed large amounts of time and resources. The RNC had minimal patient impact on the health care system and in fact caused significant volume decreases at hospitals proximate to the venue. Although contingencies available for a mass casualty event were not needed, they must continue to be available for all such events. Health and medical preparedness and funding is not adequately detailed in the planning framework for national security special events, and this should be a focus for future events. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2009;3:224–232)

scholarly journals The Legal Status of Subjects of Corporate Relationships: Doctrinal and Law Enforcement Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Oksana V. Cherkasova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Generic Term ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right

The article reviews the legal status of subjects of corporate relationships, analyzes doctrinal and law enforcement aspects. The author analyzes the scientists’ standpoints, various models of interaction between the subjects of corporate relationships existing in foreign law and order, case law, arrives at conclusions about the correlation between the categories of the “right of participation”, “right of membership”, “right of management”. It is noted that the membership concept evolves out of participation by performing the function of a generic term. It is suggested to determine the “right of management” of a corporation as just one of the member’s activity areas along with other rights. The author recommends to ensure consistency of the provision of Article 2 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and Articles 65.2, 65.3 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation where the concept of the “right of participation” would act as a basic one and the “right of management” would be its constituent part.

scholarly journals Foreign Experience in Ensuring Secrecy during the Fight against Crime by Police Units

2020 ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Stanislav MAKARENKO
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
State Secret ◽  
Effective System ◽  
National Police ◽  
State Secrets

An effective system of protection of state secrets is one of the guarantees of preserving the integrity and inviolability of any country, regardless of its location. In the context of the protracted armed conflict in eastern Ukraine, this issue is becoming particularly relevant and requires detailed study in the scientific field and appropriate regulation at the legislative level. One of the most effective methods of implementing this is to study the systems of protection of state secrets of the world in order to borrow their leading experience. This article examines the foreign law enforcement experience of ensuring secrecy in combating crime by criminal police units based on the practice of countries such as the United States, Australia, Iraq, Britain, Poland, and others. Emphasis is placed on the fact that as a positive foreign experience in terms of ensuring secrecy in combating crime by the British criminal police, we can single out the statutory mechanism of prohibition through the court of media coverage of certain information containing information classified as restricted. According to the author, the practice of the United States of America to reduce to a minimum the number of documents containing information that is a state secret and its maximum storage exclusively in electronic form on special secure computers is noteworthy. It would be expedient to introduce, as a positive experience, several promising areas of implementation of foreign practice on issues of ensuring secrecy during the implementation of the operational and investigative activities by units of the National Police of Ukraine. It is proposed to introduce into the national criminal law the distinction between criminal actions by officials for failure to ensure secrecy during the operational and investigative activities, depending on the consequences caused and the type of rights and freedoms that have been violated.

scholarly journals Application of Foreign Law in Economic Disputes and Implementation of National Interests

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 02007
Author(s):  
N.V. Deltsova ◽  
U.A. Dorofeeva ◽  
M.N. Zubkova ◽  
M.A. Tokmakov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
Mandatory Rules

In the context of globalization, the question of protecting one's own national interests is becoming more acute for the state on whose territory foreign law and order is applied. The application of foreign legislation in economic disputes creates various problems and raises questions related to the establishment of the content of foreign law, which must be resolved in the context of Theoretical understanding and law enforcement practice. This study is aimed at identifying the risks of uncertainty in the application of foreign law to relations involving a foreign element in the Russian legal reality and finding ways to overcome them taking into account national interests. Special attention is paid to consideration of the Institute of non-use (limitations) of foreign law is presented in the form of rules on the application of the mandatory rules of the forum (lex fori), the reservation of public order (order public), and eliminating the use of foreign law in case of conflict.

scholarly journals Intrusion of international law into the national legal system

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-57
Author(s):  
V. F. Anisimov ◽  
Yu. V. Truntsevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
National Legal System ◽  
International Obligations ◽  
The Law

The subject of the research is the peculiarities of the implementation of international law in national legal systems, the law enforcement practice of the implementation of international legal obligations of the state, doctrinal approaches to the interaction of the norms of international and domestic law. The purpose of the article is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that the limits, forms and methods of the ex-ante intrusion of international law into the national legal system are determined not only as a result of the agreed will of States, but also against such will, under the influence of the interests of individual States or their political blocs that occupy a dominant position in an international organization. Methodology. The authors use such general theoretical and specific scientific methods as comparative analysis, generalization, interpretation and classification as well as systemic analysis and formal logical methods. The main results. The forms and methods of intrusion of international law into the legal systems are diversified. International law is not limited to interstate relations. Global processes require the development of new scientific approaches to understanding the processes of intrusion of international law into the legal systems of States. These processes require the study of the forms and methods of the impact of international law and international institutions on the national legal order. States are sometimes forced to implement measures developed in the international implementation mechanism (due to the need for international financial assistance as well as the inability to single-handedly defeat internal corruption, create a favorable international image, etc.). The international legal invasion exist already ex – post through the decisions of international judicial bodies or the assertive recommendations of international organizations. Their demands are made not just to comply with international obligations, but to change national legislation. The implementation of the norms of international law in national legal systems should be carried out at the domestic level just as much as it is necessary to fulfill these international obligations. The law enforcement practice in the state is based solely on national principles of law, and it is unacceptable to comply with the requirements from the outside to change them from the point of view of the independence of the state. It is the exclusive right of each State to determine the content of acts of interpretation of international bodies in relation to the decisions and actions of specific States from the point of view of their national interests. We prove that every state has the important right to determine the limits of the invasion of international law in their national legal system: the contents of implementing legislation; the completeness of implementation of the decisions and recommendations of international bodies and courts; the recognition of the extraterritorial validity of foreign law and forms of its implementation. Conclusions. The fundamental principle of international law- pacta sunt servanda – is transforming into a practical imperative – national legislation must change. This is due to the recognition of the jurisdiction of international judicial bodies. This is due to the extraterritorial effect of foreign law; it is connected with the transnational character of the law of international integration entities. This is due to the inability of individual States to resist exponential corruption. The continuous nature of the intrusion of international law into national legal systems is reflected in the various methods of such interference. The article proves the importance of each state having the right to independently determine the limits of the intrusion of international law into their national legal system.

scholarly journals Problems Of Compensation For Moral Damage Caused To The Consumer

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (06) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Babayev Djahongir Ismailbekovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
Moral Damage ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Legal Entities

The article examines the problems of compensation for moral damage caused to the consumer by defects in goods, work performed or services rendered. The article analyzes domestic and foreign law enforcement practice on the issues of compensation for moral damage to consumers and points to the absence of clear criteria for determining the amount of moral damage both in the Republic of Uzbekistan and in foreign countries. The article points to the existing disagreements between the plaintiffs and the judges in determining the amount of compensation for non-pecuniary damage. The rights of individuals and legal entities to claim compensation for moral damage are distinguished.

Digital Investigations in the Cloud—Criminal Enforcement Cooperation

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-232
Author(s):  
Julia Hörnle
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
First Century ◽  
Bilateral Agreements ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
The Eu

Chapter 6 examines jurisdiction in criminal investigations where the digital evidence is stored in another country, as is likely where data is stored in the cloud. The territoriality principle and sovereignty mean that states are not allowed to carry out acts of investigations outside their territory. Internet technologies and remote cloud storage in the twenty-first century mean that much forensic evidence is likely to be physically stored in another country. If law enforcement authorities seize a computer on their territory it is increasingly likely that some of the data is stored in the cloud. Therefore, traditional investigatory powers limited to territory (such as a warrant to seize physical items) are not sufficient. This raises difficult questions of whether powers in respect of extended computer searches or disclosure orders can be implemented extraterritorially without breaching international law. This chapter provides a detailed examination of the traditional mechanisms of international cooperation through mutual legal assistance, the difficulties inherent in the traditional approach and the mechanisms to overcome these difficulties, including unilateral acts by states and new forms of international cooperation, such as the US system of bilateral agreements envisaged in the Cloud Act and, for the EU, the EU E-Evidence Proposal. The chapter critically analyses the data protection and human rights issues implicated by cross-border digital investigations and the role of private service providers who may disclose data in response to foreign law enforcement requests.

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