scholarly journals Prediction of Milk Production per Cow Lactation in the Mexican Tropics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Yazmín Herrera-Sotero ◽  
Julio César Vinay-Vadillo ◽  
Elizabeth León-García ◽  
Javier Francisco Enríquez-Quiroz ◽  
Benjamín Alfredo Piña-Cárdenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Mexican Tropics

Objective: To evaluate non-linear and linear mathematical models used to estimate milk production per lactation, at different frequencies of milk weighing from records of Holstein (Ho), Brown Swiss (BS) cows and their crosses with Zebu (Z). Design/Methodology/Approach: The models evaluated were: Wood, Wilmink and Linear Interpolation. Daily records of milk production from 471 lactations of 72 cows were used; 1,884 records were created with frequencies of weekly, biweekly and monthly milk production. The following were included in the statistical model: the genotype (Ho X Z andSP X Z), birth season (rainy and dry), and number of lactation (1 and 2) with double and triple interactions. The statistical analyses were performed with GLM from MINITAB v17. The means were compared with Tukey’s test. Results: No differences were found (P?0.05) between the models for the average milk production per lactation in kg, obtained from daily measurements or estimated from weekly, biweekly and monthly data, although for the factors of birth season, number of lactation, and genotype they showed differences (P ? 0.05) in milk production per lactation. Study Limitations/Implications: Daily records of milk production are necessary to obtain production per lactation; the models applied predict milk production in a similar way in different frequencies of weighing in Holstein, Brown Swiss cows and their crosses with Zebu. Findings/Conclusions: The models used allow predicting the milk production per cow in a similar way in different frequencies of weighing.

Comparison of milk production, mastitis, lameness and days to conception of Brown Swiss, Holstein and Holstein cross Brown Swiss dairy cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
G Wellwood ◽  
J K Margerison
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Mastitis is a complex disease causing inflammation of the udder, which has been estimated to cost the dairy farmer between £40-£117/cow per year (Stott et al., 2002). Economic loss occurs as a result of discarded milk, reduced milk yield and milk quality, increased vet costs and an increase in replacement costs. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of breed on the incidence of mastitis and somatic cell counts and milk production capabilities of Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss and Brown Swiss crossbred cows.

LACTATION PERFORMANCE OF RANGE BEEF AND DAIRY-BEEF COWS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH BUTSON ◽  
R. T. BERG
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than

A milking experiment with range, single-suckled beef cows was conducted over two lactations in 1976 and 1977 at the University of Alberta Research Ranch. A total of 428 cows were milked, ranging from 2 to 10 yr of age and representing four breed groups of Herefords and crossbreds of traditional beef and dairy breeds. Measurements of milk were taken in June and September each year. Milk was extracted following an intrajugular injection of 20 IU of oxytocin. Samples were analyzed for butterfat percent, protein percent and lactose percent. Age and breed of dam differences in milk yields, constituent percentages and yields were assessed. Least squares means of yields pooled over the two periods each year indicated that dams with Holstein and Brown Swiss breeding (DS) yielded more milk than beef crossbreds and purebred Herefords. Average milk yields estimated over 24 h ranged from 5.7 kg/day for Herefords to 7.8 kg/day for DS dams. Compared to 2-yr olds at 100%, 3-yr olds produced 125%, 4-yr olds 136% and mature cows 139% greater yield. The difference between June and September yields was evident between breed groups. Hereford milk production exhibited the greatest decline over 87 days compared to all other crossbreds and DS were the most persistent. Mature cows maintained milk yields better than younger cows, and 2-yr old milk yields declined most noticeably. All crossbred groups produced less butterfat percent and lactose percent content than the Herefords, yet yielded more total energy. All constituent percentages were higher than those reported for commercial dairy cattle. All constituent percentages increased significantly from June to September at approximately 130 days in lactation. A significant decline was noted for all constituent yields in September. Dairy crossbreds demonstrated the highest persistency for all constituent yields. Beef Synthetic dams were intermediate in yield persistency. Average milk yields had negative (P < 0.05) correlations with average constituent percentages. Inter-correlations among constituent percentages were variable and generally small and negative. Key words: Lactation, range cows

scholarly journals Estimation of maximum thermo-hygrometric index thresholds affecting milk production in Italian Brown Swiss cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 8541-8553
Author(s):  
A. Maggiolino ◽  
G.E. Dahl ◽  
N. Bartolomeo ◽  
U. Bernabucci ◽  
A. Vitali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Brown Swiss Cattle

Evaluation of some mathematical models of solar radiation received by a ground collector

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelouahab Zaatri ◽  
Norelhouda Azzizi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Complex Influence

Purpose Using modeling approaches, this paper aims to propose different mathematical models for estimating the different components of the solar radiation as well as the received solar energy by a collector. Design/methodology/approach In this article, the authors consider three mathematical models to estimate the solar radiation captured at ground level by a solar collector. These models are Capderou model, Liu & Jordan model and R.sun model. In the context of the design of experiments, we performed measurements of solar radiation received by a collector using a pyranometer. The obtained measurements were compared with the three mathematical models. Findings The comparison enabled the subsequent evaluation to determine the most appropriate model that best fit for our region. As a result, the Capderou model reveals to be the most suitable for our region. Originality/value Estimation of solar radiation at ground level (received by a collector) is of paramount importance for the design and optimization of solar energy systems. Nevertheless, many factors influence the amount of energy received by a collector situated at a ground, such as the longitude of the location, latitude, altitude, tilt collector orientation, temperature and humidity of the environment, wind speed, etc. Because of the complex influence of these parameters, the received solar radiation by the collector is a dynamical and a random process.

In-flight reconfiguration of lithium-ion cells aimed at extending flight times and range of electrically powered UAVs

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetoslav Zabunov ◽  
Garo Mardirossian
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Test Setup ◽  
Lithium Ion Cells ◽  
Battery Design ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Battery Module

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to disclose a novel reconfiguration battery design suitable for electrically powered UAVs. Design/methodology/approach A design of a reconfigurable battery module is presented. Test setup with prototype battery module is developed and described. Test results of measurements are shown and discussed. Findings The results ascertain the benefits of implementing a reconfigurable battery in small electrically powered UAVs and specifically prove the efficiency of the proposed design. Originality/value The proposed novel design is compared to previous work while advances from the latter and the gained advantages were established.

scholarly journals Fully automated image-based estimation of postural point-features in children with cerebral palsy using deep learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 191011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Cunningham ◽  
María B. Sánchez ◽  
Penelope B. Butler ◽  
Matthew J. Southgate ◽  
Ian D. Loram
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Automated Identification ◽  
Trunk Control ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Testing Linear ◽  
Head Neck

The aim of this study was to provide automated identification of postural point-features required to estimate the location and orientation of the head, multi-segmented trunk and arms from videos of the clinical test ‘Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control’ (SATCo). Three expert operators manually annotated 13 point-features in every fourth image of 177 short (5–10 s) videos (25 Hz) of 12 children with cerebral palsy (aged: 4.52 ± 2.4 years), participating in SATCo testing. Linear interpolation for the remaining images resulted in 30 825 annotated images. Convolutional neural networks were trained with cross-validation, giving held-out test results for all children. The point-features were estimated with error 4.4 ± 3.8 pixels at approximately 100 images per second. Truncal segment angles (head, neck and six thoraco-lumbar–pelvic segments) were estimated with error 6.4 ± 2.8°, allowing accurate classification ( F 1 > 80%) of deviation from a reference posture at thresholds up to 3°, 3° and 2°, respectively. Contact between arm point-features (elbow and wrist) and supporting surface was classified at F 1 = 80.5%. This study demonstrates, for the first time, technical feasibility to automate the identification of (i) a sitting segmental posture including individual trunk segments, (ii) changes away from that posture, and (iii) support from the upper limb, required for the clinical SATCo.

scholarly journals Fitting mathematical models to lactation curves from holstein cows in the southwestern region of the state of Parana, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abílio G.T. Ferreira ◽  
Douglas S. Henrique ◽  
Ricardo A.M. Vieira ◽  
Emilyn M. Maeda ◽  
Altair A. Valotto
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
The State ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Quality Of Fit ◽  
Wood Model

The objective of this study was to evaluate four mathematical models with regards to their fit to lactation curves of Holstein cows from herds raised in the southwestern region of the state of Parana, Brazil. Initially, 42,281 milk production records from 2005 to 2011 were obtained from "Associação Paranaense de Criadores de Bovinos da Raça Holandesa (APCBRH)". Data lacking dates of drying and total milk production at 305 days of lactation were excluded, resulting in a remaining 15,142 records corresponding to 2,441 Holstein cows. Data were sorted according to the parity order (ranging from one to six), and within each parity order the animals were divided into quartiles (Q25%, Q50%, Q75% and Q100%) corresponding to 305-day lactation yield. Within each parity order, for each quartile, four mathematical models were adjusted, two of which were predominantly empirical (Brody and Wood) whereas the other two presented more mechanistic characteristics (models Dijkstra and Pollott). The quality of fit was evaluated by the corrected Akaike information criterion. The Wood model showed the best fit in almost all evaluated situations and, therefore, may be considered as the most suitable model to describe, at least empirically, the lactation curves of Holstein cows raised in Southwestern Parana.

Using Wood’s function to estimate phenotypic correlations among lactation curve parameters in Iranian first lactation buffaloes

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
H. Farhangfar ◽  
P. Rowlinson ◽  
J. Rahmaninia
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Gamma Function ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Lactation Curve ◽  
Breeding Programmes

In dairy farm animals, production of milk and its components varies in a curvilinear pattern over the course of the lactation. Knowledge of the lactation curve may provide a worthwhile information source about the pattern of milk production which in turn could be used for herd management decisions. Moreover, inter-relationships among lactation curve parameters could be utilised in applied animal breeding programmes to change more effectively the shape of the lactation. Many studies have been undertaken to apply different mathematical models to obtain more accurate prediction of the shape of the lactation curve among which the incomplete gamma function first proposed by Wood (1967) has been broadly used by previous research workers (Rekaya et al., 2000; Tekerli et al., 2000). The main objective of the present research was to apply Wood’s function for estimating phenotypic correlations among lactation curve parameters in Iranian first lactation buffaloes.

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