LACTATION PERFORMANCE OF RANGE BEEF AND DAIRY-BEEF COWS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH BUTSON ◽  
R. T. BERG
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than

A milking experiment with range, single-suckled beef cows was conducted over two lactations in 1976 and 1977 at the University of Alberta Research Ranch. A total of 428 cows were milked, ranging from 2 to 10 yr of age and representing four breed groups of Herefords and crossbreds of traditional beef and dairy breeds. Measurements of milk were taken in June and September each year. Milk was extracted following an intrajugular injection of 20 IU of oxytocin. Samples were analyzed for butterfat percent, protein percent and lactose percent. Age and breed of dam differences in milk yields, constituent percentages and yields were assessed. Least squares means of yields pooled over the two periods each year indicated that dams with Holstein and Brown Swiss breeding (DS) yielded more milk than beef crossbreds and purebred Herefords. Average milk yields estimated over 24 h ranged from 5.7 kg/day for Herefords to 7.8 kg/day for DS dams. Compared to 2-yr olds at 100%, 3-yr olds produced 125%, 4-yr olds 136% and mature cows 139% greater yield. The difference between June and September yields was evident between breed groups. Hereford milk production exhibited the greatest decline over 87 days compared to all other crossbreds and DS were the most persistent. Mature cows maintained milk yields better than younger cows, and 2-yr old milk yields declined most noticeably. All crossbred groups produced less butterfat percent and lactose percent content than the Herefords, yet yielded more total energy. All constituent percentages were higher than those reported for commercial dairy cattle. All constituent percentages increased significantly from June to September at approximately 130 days in lactation. A significant decline was noted for all constituent yields in September. Dairy crossbreds demonstrated the highest persistency for all constituent yields. Beef Synthetic dams were intermediate in yield persistency. Average milk yields had negative (P < 0.05) correlations with average constituent percentages. Inter-correlations among constituent percentages were variable and generally small and negative. Key words: Lactation, range cows

Who will save my planet? by M. C. Urrutia

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Canadian Market ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University

Urrutia, Maria. Who will save my planet? Toronto: Tundra Books, 2012.  Print.This volume appears to be a republication of a 2007 imprint from the author’s own publishing house, Tecolate Books, in Mexico.  Although Tundra recognizes support from the Canada Council for the Arts, there appears to be no specific Canadian content in this book.  There is no text and the images are the work of several different photographers.  Urrutia’s contribution to the work appears to be the title and the selection and pairing of the images. The book is designed for children ages 7+ and consists of 14 pairs of unadorned, borderless photographs. Each spread of two images shows something environmentally negative on the left and a corresponding positive image on the right.  However, without text, the viewer is left to draw their own conclusions about what message is intended. Many of the images have several potential interpretations, particularly for viewers coming from a different environment. For example, the opening pair of images shows fire in the canopy of a tropical forest, presumably implying that people are burning the forest. However in Canada, lightning is naturally one of the primary causes of forest fires which is a natural part of the forest’s life cycle.   In the second set of images, someone is cutting down a tree, but it is the only one being felled.  The rest of the forest appears to be undisturbed.  An image of a clear-cut would have conveyed a much more obvious message.  The second last pair show garbage strewn along a path and the images are a garbage can overflowing with garbage, with a plastic water bottle prominently placed on top.  Bottled water is one of the least environmentally friendly things on the planet.  Is the message that producing huge volumes of unnecessary garbage is fine as long as you put it in the garbage can? Many of the images are high quality.  An image of a seal with the rope embedded in the flesh around its shoulders is particularly effective.  However, the selection and combination of images, as a whole, reminds me of posters at a fourth grade science fair.  The difference is that the fourth graders usually add captions and introductory paragraphs so that their messages are clear. While environmental damage anywhere is important, this book would have been more effective for the Canadian market had it incorporated images of environmental problems found in the Canadian environment. Recommended with reservation:  2 stars out of 4 Reviewer:  Sandy CampbellSandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines.  Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give. 

scholarly journals On the Shoulder of a Giant: an Inuit Folktale by N. Christopher

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Public Libraries ◽  
Picture Book ◽  
Bowhead Whale ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Quality Work ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Christopher, Neil.  On the Shoulder of a Giant:  an Inuit Folktale. Iqualuit:  Inhabit Media, 2015. Print.This is another in a series of works designed by Neil Christopher, one of the founders of Inhabit Media, to preserve traditional Inuit stories.  In this book he retells a story, which is known in various forms all across the Arctic, of a giant who adopts a hunter as his son.  This giant, named Inukpak,  is one of the inukpasugjuit or “great giants” of Inuit stories.  Inukpak is so big that he can walk across the Arctic in “just a few days” and when he stands in the sea the water "never come[s] up past his knees". He is so big that he thinks that the hunter is a lost child, so he adopts him and carries him on his shoulder.This is a simple retelling, designed to teach about the mythical giants and to explain why the story is found in many cultures across the Canadian Arctic.  However, it also models a big person/small person relationship in which small people do not correct or talk back to big people.  Children will relate to the hunter, who is treated as a child and because the story is told from the hunter's perspective.  The giant sometimes doesn't recognize the impact of his own actions.  For example when he runs back to shore, he creates waves that swamp the hunter, but the giant thinks the hunter has been playing in the water.  "The hunter wanted to tell the giant that he had not been playing in the water.  He also wanted to explain to Inukpak that he had caught a bowhead whale, not a sculpin.  But, once again, the little hunter did not want to argue with a giant, so he just said, 'Okay.' "This is mainly a picture book. The illustrations run over two-page spreads with text over-printed on them.  Jim Nelson does a good job of presenting the difference in size between the giant and the human.  Inukpak is presented as a happy fellow, with black shaggy hair and a full beard.  Children will be amused by the giant picking up a polar bear by the scruff of its neck, like a kitten. The images are realistic and the backgrounds are lovely representations of Arctic landscapes. Overall, this is an enjoyable and high-quality work that should be included in elementary school libraries, public libraries and libraries specializing in Arctic children’s books.Highly Recommended:  4 out of 4 starsReviewer:  Sandy CampbellSandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines.  Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give. 

scholarly journals The Never Weres by F. Smyth

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Polkinghorne
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Positive Message ◽  
Visual Style ◽  
The University ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Better Than

Smyth, Fiona. The Never Weres. Toronto: Annick Press, 2011. Print. What would life be like for humanity’s final generation, those who would always be the youngest people on Earth, born just before a “barren virus” has rendered humans infertile? This question underpins the pre-teen sci-fi mystery The Never Weres, the first graphic novel from Toronto-based Fiona Smyth, veteran painter, cartoonist, and illustrator. Smyth’s exploration of the daily lives of teenagers Xian, Mia, and Jesse is a fresh extrapolation of the dystopian “world without children,” popularly identified with P.D. James’ Children of Men. Smyth interweaves her heroes’ world — from which parents are variously absent — with classic science fiction tropes such as robotics, genetics, and virtual online communities. Most pressingly, the ethical and practical implications of human cloning are central to the mystery as it unfolds. Smyth handles the issue evenly and rightly represents it as controversial. By focusing on a missing girl’s possible involvement with long-ago experiments, Smyth effectively provokes reflection about cloning’s impacts on human relationships. However, she has simplified the relevant ideas to the extent that readers may not be challenged much by them. The layouts of The Never Weres are at times confusing and may hinder readers’ progress. The book’s visual style conveys Smyth’s vision of a bleak, crowded, deteriorating Toronto somewhat better than it captures her spirited protagonists. Overall, despite some weaknesses, The Never Weres wraps a worthwhile science-positive message within an engaging mystery adventure. Recommended with reservations: 2 out of 4 stars Reviewer: Sarah PolkinghorneSarah is a Public Services Librarian at the University of Alberta. She enjoys all sorts of books. 

Sir Seth Thistlewaite and the Kingdom of the Caves by R. Thake

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Huck
Keyword(s):  
English Literature ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Hooking Up ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Animated Cartoon ◽  
Everyday World ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than

Thake, Richard.  Illus. Vince Chul. Sir Seth Thistlewaite and the Kingdom of the Caves. Owlkids, 2011. Print. Sir Seth Thistlewaite and the Kingdom of the Caves is the second book in a series detailing the adventures of the eponymous protagonist, his dog Shasta and his friend Sir Ollie Everghettz. Together, the two friends are the Mighty Knights of Right and Honour, knights errant who look for wrongs to right in fantastical lands inhabited by strange creatures ruled by kings and queens. Like the Narnia adventures, these domains lie just beyond our everyday world, but unlike those books, these stories are meant to be comic and fun. More than forty illustrations are incorporated into the text. Together, the text and illustrations suggest the pace and style of an animated cartoon. The story in this book takes place in the Queendom of Claire, a secret land underneath Puddlewater Pond, a feature of the world of Thatchwych from the first book that Sir Seth enters when he dons his homemade armor fashioned from hockey gear. The water is being drained from Puddlewater pond and the King commissions Sir Seth and Sir Ollie to find out why and stop the leak. In fact, the water is being siphoned out of the pond into the Queendom of Claire below because of a water shortage caused by a malicious elf Ooz (who looks like an ogre). Ooz has blocked Claire’s primary river because his pet dinosaur Grak has eaten most of the trees in the queendom, leaving deserts in his wake, and Ooz wants the queen to let Grak graze in the royal gardens. Sir Seth and Sir Ollie are commissioned (anew) by the Queen of Claire to unblock the river, and so they set out across the desert, called the Sadlands, in search of Ooz, hooking up with feisty princess Sundra Neeth and the dubiously helpful family of Fibbs along the way. When Ooz captures the search party, he hatches a new plan to hold the princess for ransom until the queen gives him possession of the entire land of Claire. Ooz leaves our heroes in his cave with Grak and sets off to meet the queen, but the prisoners escape and rush back to the castle to try to prevent him from executing his plan. Thake aims for an outsized, slightly absurdist style to convey a sense of adventure and fun: alliterations, rhymes, and puns are sprinkled throughout; two or three adjectives are usually thought better than one; and characteristics tend to be exaggerated, meaning that big is gigant-o-normous, and small is tinier than the teensiest speck of dust on the underside of a mitochondria. Similarly, events in the plot don’t transpire, rather, they tend to happen all of a sudden and cause widespread dumbstruck-edness. This hyperbolic style is tough to maintain and it is successful in some places more than others; at a certain point, constant surprise ceases to be surprising and characters are weakened when they share the same reactions. Chui’s clean illustrations hit all the right notes and add a lot to the book. While the book is mainly plot driven, it does convey other messages worth mentioning. The knights enter each unknown situation without bias, demonstrate tolerance when encountering strange creatures, and encourage others to explore untapped potential. Also, the plot is a kind of lesson in environmental activism. When Princess Sundra Neeth discovers that the Sadlands are not barren after all, but populated by many desert creatures, she promises that, as queen, she will “make sure these Sadlands become glad again.” Age K-6. Recommended with reservations:  2 stars out of 4Reviewer: John HuckJohn Huck is a metadata and cataloguing librarian at the University of Alberta. He holds an undergraduate degree in English literature and maintains a special interest in the spoken word. He is also a classical musician and has sung semi-professionally for many years.

scholarly journals How do you Hug a Porcupine? by L. Isop

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sulz
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Real Life ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Library Studies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University

Isop, Laurie. Illustrated by Gwen Millward. How do you Hug a Porcupine? New York: Simon & Schuster Books for Your Readers, 2011. Print. A charming and hopefully harmless little book.  The variety of animals is illustrated realistically enough to be recognizable on the page and probably even in real-life. The text is nicely lyrical with a rhythm and rhyme that makes you want to sing while reading. The message, however, is not all positive. On the good side, the portrayal of animals as worthy of human attention, respect, and appreciation (although not particularly original in children’s books) is always welcome.  Also nice is the mix of familiar animals (e.g. cow, horse, pig, giraffe) with some that don’t get much attention (e.g. hedgehog, yak, ostrich) so young readers might learn something new. On the negative side, however, is the encouragement to hug any-and-all animals. Knowledge of the difference between tame (domestic) animals and wild animals should be instilled from a young age and, even if not taught explicitly, children’s authors should at least not introduce ideas that must be unlearned in real life. Pandas, yaks, porcupines, kangaroos, and dolphins should NOT, as a general rule, ever be hugged and people should NOT be convinced that everything needs a hug. For one thing, animals are unpredictable and potentially dangerous to the hugger. For another, hugging or touching a wild animal can be dangerous for the hugged - hugging a porcupine would dislodge many quills and reduce its defenses against predators. Sometimes I wonder if the national park tourists who slather honey on their child’s arm to get a picture of the cute bear licking it or approach a fully-grown elk to touch its antler velvet were maybe too exposed to this sort of book. In short, the answer to “how do you hug a porcupine?” should be, “you don’t!” Stick to hugging your own kitty-cat or puppy-dog instead that you know will probably appreciate it and not attack you. Recommended with reservations: 2 out of 4 stars (charming and lyrical but potentially dangerous in later life). Reviewer: David Sulz David is a librarian at the University of Alberta working mostly with scholars in Economics, Religious Studies, and Social Work. His university studies included: Library Studies, History, Elementary Education, Japanese, and Economics. On the education front, he taught various grades and subjects for several years in schools as well as museums. His interest in Japan and things Japanese stands above his other diverse interests.    

Parata hard red spring wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-524
Author(s):  
D. Spaner ◽  
M. Iqbal ◽  
A. Navabi ◽  
K. Strenzke ◽  
B. Beres
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Flour Yield ◽  
End Use ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than

Parata is a hard red spring wheat developed at the University of Alberta. In three years of testing in the Parkland Cooperative Registration Test, Parata was higher yielding (P < 0.05) than AC Splendor (5.9 %) and CDC Teal (4.1 %) but similar to CDC Osler and AAC Connery. Parata matured earlier than CDC Teal, CDC Osler and AAC Connery and 1.6 days later than AC Splendor. Parata was shorter than all checks except AAC Connery and exhibited lodging resistance better than AC Splendor and CDC Osler. Test weight of Parata was greater than all checks by at least 1 kg hL−1, while seed mass was within the range of the check cultivars. Parata was rated resistant to the prevalent races of stem and stripe rust in three years of testing. It was rated R/MR in two years and MS in one year for leaf rust; and was I in two years and S in one year for common bunt. The FHB disease indices for Parata ranged from MS (1 rating) to MR in six station years. Three years of end-use quality evaluation has indicated that Parata is acceptable for the CWRS class, with improvements especially in flour yield and flour ash.

Sustainable precast concrete foundation system for residential construction

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Yu ◽  
Mohamed Al-Hussein ◽  
Reza Nasseri ◽  
Roger J. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Residential Construction ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Concrete Foundation ◽  
External Insulation ◽  
Rib Structure ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than

Residential construction has changed little in decades. In North America, houses are constructed predominantly with cast-in-place (CIP) concrete basement foundations and “custom-built” wood platform – framing structures. To improve the productivity of residential construction, a precast concrete foundation (PCF) system was developed by the University of Alberta and its industrial partners. Although the PCF system can be built much faster and better than conventional CIP foundations, it has not been considered a viable alternative in residential construction due to the belief that it is costly and less flexible. To overcome this perception, special research efforts were made to address issues of manufacturability, constructability, and standardization. This paper proposes an innovative design of the PCF system that satisfies functional requirements, while obtaining a minimum total cost and achieving flexibility. The unique features include a modularized rib structure, external insulation, and simplified bolted connections. A comparative analysis between PCF and traditional CIP concrete foundation systems is also presented.

scholarly journals The Acquisition of Derivational Suffixes by Students of English at the University of Human Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Inaad Mutlib Sayer ◽  
Sahima Abdulsalam
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Language Learner ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Comprehension Test ◽  
Proficiency Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than

Derivational suffixes are essential part of the competence of any foreign language learner, especially learners of English as a foreign language since English is a derivational language. They help the learners enrich their lexical repertoire, which is necessary in both speaking and writing. The present study tested the production and comprehension of derivational suffixes by third-year and fourth-year students of English as a foreign language at the University of Human Development. The aim was to examine the students’ performance on the production and comprehension levels. Two tests were conducted on 112 students and seven one-way ANOVAs were performed to test the seven hypotheses of the study. The participants in the study were divided into two groups depending on their gender (79 females and 33 males) and into four groups depending on their proficiency level (pass, medium, good and very good). The results of the seven ANOVAs revealed that there were no significant gender differences among the students neither in the production test nor in the comprehension test. However, there were significant differences among the students according to the proficiency level in both tests. According to the frequency of the derivational suffixes, there were significant difference in the students’ performance only in the comprehension test; in the production test, the difference was insignificant. Finally, the performance of the students in the comprehension test was much better than their performance in the production test.

scholarly journals Body size in beef cows and its influence on calf production

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3299-3310
Author(s):  
Carina Crizel da Vara ◽  
◽  
Magali Floriano da Silveira ◽  
Ricardo Zambarda Vaz ◽  
João Restle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
The Difference

Cattle farming becomes more intensive when the productive efficiency of the cows is increased, and nutrition is adjusted to the animal biotype. Eighty purebred Charolais and Nellore cows and their crosses between 3 and 7 years of age, were grouped for body weight at calving into Light (332.6 kg), Moderate (385.3 kg) and Heavy (444.6 kg). Cows and their calves were weighed at calving, at 63 days (early weaning) and at 210 days. The estimated milk production of the cows was evaluated by manual milking at 21, 42 and 63 days postpartum. The difference in the weight of the cows at calving was maintained during lactation and at 210 days postpartum. The body size of the cow did not influence milk production. Heavier cows produce heavier calves up to 365 days of age compared to lighter cows. The reproductive performance of the cows is not affected by their weight. The production of kilograms of calf for every 100 kilograms of cow at calving and weaning is higher in Light cows. The production of kilograms of calf adjusted for the pregnancy rate of the cows is higher in Heavy cows. Production efficiency in kilograms of calf per area is lower in Heavy cows.

scholarly journals Garbage Delight by D. Lee

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Intended Audience ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Color Palette ◽  
Good Target ◽  
The University ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Lee, Dennis.  Garbage Delight.  Illus. Sandy Nichols. Toronto: Harper Collins, 2015. Print.Should anyone doubt the power of illustration in children’s literature (no children’s literature specialist would—but should anyone) all doubt can be dispelled by a comparison of this new work illustrated by Sandy Nichols, with Lee’s earlier one of the same title: Garbage Delight, illustrated by Frank Newfeld, classic edition, Harper Collins, 1977. In the original work, Garbage Delight is the title poem of a collection as irrepressible as its intended audience.  (Five and six-year-olds would be a good target.)  Frank Newfeld’s illustration of the “Garbage…” eater is “Bigfoot,” a ferocious stuffed animal with a unicorn’s horn, an alligator’s teeth, and a lion’s claws—and, oh yes, a dress. Introduced to us on page 18, Bigfoot returns to preside over a table laden with a spectacular array of food—all in living color: the jelly, the “hamburgles”, ice cream, and cake that the poem promises, along with a whole lot more. Interestingly, there isn’t any real “garbage” on that overflowing table; it is just the prospect of the gluttony to follow that strikes us as obscene, hilarious, and memorable.The new edition, focusing on one single poem, and physically designed for the very young, enables illustrator Sandy Nichols to take a very different tack from that of Newfeld. Nichols has the freedom to tell a whole story: a bear cub clambers into a fenced yard where a pair of toy creatures, one reptilian (possibly a stegosaurus), one sheep-like, are picnicking.  The cub, eschewing the picnic treats, tears into and devours the garbage.  When it collapses from its exertions, the toy creatures wrap it lovingly in their picnic blanket and cart it out of their yard.  Ultimately, the cub returns to its much relieved mother.The color palette Nichols uses is delicate, her line drawings often evocative. Her depiction of the reptile beating a pan with a spoon while the horn-tooting sheep, cub in tow, brings up the rear is particularly charming.  (For reasons unknown, it connotes an illustration of the nursery rhyme “Hey-Diddle-Diddle” for this reviewer.  We even see the moon come out, although no one jumps over it!) To describe in a single word her storyline, her illustrations, her evocations, and her tone, I can do no better than the publisher’s notes accompanying the text: winsome.  In sum, Nichols’ work is a fresh and entirely valid interpretation of a Canadian children’s classic.  Well done.Highly recommended: 4 out of 4 starsReviewer: Leslie AitkenLeslie Aitken’s long career in librarianship included selection of children’s literature for school, public, special and academic libraries.  She is former Curriculum Librarian for the University of Alberta.

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