scholarly journals The impact of facilities and service-based competition on Internet services provision in the Canadian Broadband Market

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemijn van Gorp ◽  
Catherine A. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Internet Services ◽  
Policy Environment ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Early Adopters ◽  
Broadband Services ◽  
Broadband Market ◽  
The Impact

A variety of studies have focused on the effect of competition in broadband markets on increasing broadband penetration rates. Few studies however have focused on the extent to which competition also results in innovation in the marketplace, as demonstrated by increased broadband speeds, and other improvements that provide value to broadband users. This paper considers the effectiveness of market competition as a means of encouraging broadband providers to offer innovative services that meet citizens’ increasing needs for affordable high quality and high speed broadband connectivity. The study focuses on the provision of broadband services in Canada, a country where consumers were early adopters of broadband and where the policy environment has encouraged competition in the broadband market from its inception. Drawing on data from the OECD and the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), the paper demonstrates that Canada’s regulatory regime does not appear to be sufficient to enable a competitive marketplace that results in the provision of innovative broadband services.

scholarly journals The impact of facilities and service-based competition on Internet services provision in the Canadian Broadband Market

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemijn van Gorp ◽  
Catherine A. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Internet Services ◽  
Policy Environment ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Early Adopters ◽  
Broadband Services ◽  
Broadband Market ◽  
The Impact

A variety of studies have focused on the effect of competition in broadband markets on increasing broadband penetration rates. Few studies however have focused on the extent to which competition also results in innovation in the marketplace, as demonstrated by increased broadband speeds, and other improvements that provide value to broadband users. This paper considers the effectiveness of market competition as a means of encouraging broadband providers to offer innovative services that meet citizens’ increasing needs for affordable high quality and high speed broadband connectivity. The study focuses on the provision of broadband services in Canada, a country where consumers were early adopters of broadband and where the policy environment has encouraged competition in the broadband market from its inception. Drawing on data from the OECD and the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), the paper demonstrates that Canada’s regulatory regime does not appear to be sufficient to enable a competitive marketplace that results in the provision of innovative broadband services.

Competitive pressure and managerial decisions

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ansar Majeed ◽  
Xian-zhi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of product market competition (PMC) from existing rivals and potential market entrants on earnings quality (EQ) in China. Design/methodology/approach This study examines the impact of PMC on EQ by using the EQ measure of Kothari et al. (2005), and it uses measures for competition from existing and potential rivals. This study analyzed Chinese firms for the period of 2000-2014 and also examined the impact of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption and state ownership on the relationship between PMC and EQ. Findings This study found a positive relationship between PMC and EQ. It also documents that competition from existing rivals does not improve EQ by reducing real activity manipulation, but competition from potential entrants does. The findings propose that market competition from existing rivals is a relevant factor for determining EQ before and after IFRS adoption, but competition from potential entrants improves EQ only after IFRS adoption. Moreover, the results suggest that market competition plays no role in improving the EQ of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Originality/value The results support the argument that PMC acts as a governance mechanism and influences managerial decisions regarding financial reporting. Our study also helps to understand the impact of change in the regulatory regime, i.e. IFRS adoption, on the relationship between PMC and EQ. This study also helps demonstrate the impact of competition on management decisions with respect to the EQ of SOEs.

scholarly journals The Effect of Governance Quality on Economic Growth: Based on China’s Provincial Panel Data

Economies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiandang Liu ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Zhijun Liang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Governance Quality ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of governance quality on economic growth in China. After developing a theoretical framework for the effect of governance quality on local economic growth, this article studies the panel data in provincial regions over the period 2001–2015 by constructing a new comprehensive index of provincial governance, and checks the robustness of the empirical findings from four aspects. The results show that governance quality has a positive effect on economic growth, due to good governance strengthening the “helping hand” or weakening the “grabbing hand” of power. Governance quality presents diminishing marginal returns, which means that the high-speed economic growth effect becomes less and less, while the high-quality economic development effect becomes more and more. Higher governance quality could bring a high-speed economic growth effect in the western region, while higher governance quality could bring a high-quality economic development effect in the eastern region. Compared with fixed-asset investment, human capital has played a more important role in economic growth. In order to promote the sustainable development of China’s economy, policy makers should improve local governance quality, strengthen the capacity of independent innovation, and promote the accumulation of high-quality human capital.

scholarly journals High-Speed Railway Opening and Corporate Fraud

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13465
Author(s):  
Chen Wang ◽  
Jack Strauss ◽  
Lei Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Corporate Fraud ◽  
The Impact

The impact of high-speed railway (HSR) on corporate behavior has recently attracted both practical and theoretical interest. In this paper, based on a sample of A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2020 in China, we use a difference-in-difference model to explore the impact of HSR openings on corporate fraud and analyze its mechanism. We find that HSR introduction has several important implications. First, it reduces the tendency and frequency of corporate fraud. Second, HSR opening restrains corporate fraud by improving the external supervision level and reducing the financing constraints of the company. Third, the inhibitory effect of the HSR opening on corporate fraud is significant when the market competition is less intense, and the company’s internal control level is poor. Fourth, after distinguishing types of fraud, HSR opening can still significantly inhibit information disclosure fraud and manager fraud, but not operation fraud. These results indicate that HSR openings promote the flow of information and labor across regions, alleviating the information asymmetry of firms. Our findings are conducive to improving the governance environment of the listed companies, which provides new clues for discovering and restricting corporate fraud.

The Impacts of Model Uncertainty on RANS CFD Simulations of a High-Speed Craft

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Messler ◽  
Nicholas Husser ◽  
Stefano Brizzolara
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Model Uncertainty ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Cfd Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Sources Of Uncertainty ◽  
The Impact

Computational scientists frequently publish papers discussing various sources of uncertainty in numerical methods for computational fluid dynamics. The frequently discussed sources of uncertainty are round off error, discretization error, iterative error, and mathematical model uncertainty (i.e. uncertainty in turbulence modeling). While all of these sources of uncertainty are real and impact the results of a simulation, the authors have found through experience that the most critical element to achieving accurate simulation results for high-speed craft is the generation of a high quality mesh on which the numerical methods are solved. There are, in general, two requirements for a high quality mesh; refinement regions must be applied in regions where the physics of the flow are most significant, and the three dimensional model of the hull form must be appropriately defined and fair. The latter appears to be a major contributing factor to uncertainty in CFD simulations that is not often discussed in the literature. Further, in practice there are numerous sources of geometric uncertainty between a prescribed CAD geometry and physically constructed model. In this paper, simulations are performed on two models of GPPH, with and without an edge radius on the transom to evaluate the impact of including fine geometric details (like tooling radii) in a RANS CFD model. The results of the simulations show that the inclusion of the rounded edge leads to large simulation errors in resistance and running attitude. This work has concluded that inclusion of fine geometric details in a planing hull CFD model is not beneficial to the overall accuracy of the simulations relative to necessary design accuracy.

Impact Resistance of Liquid Body Armor Utilizing Shear Thickening Fluids: A Computational Study

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fardin Khalili ◽  
Federico De Paoli ◽  
Rasim Guldiken
Keyword(s):  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Shear Thickening ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Liquid Body ◽  
Shear Thickening Fluids ◽  
The Impact

Since the creation of advanced knives and firearms with high rates of speed, safety has always been a vital issue for armed forces. A disadvantage of a regular fabric Kevlar is that, although it has an effective resistance against the impact of low-speed bullets, it reveals its weakness in the case of a stab wound and high-speed bullets. Under these circumstances, a new executable technology of fibers that improves the ballistic performance of the materials utilized in body armors is an essential necessity to build high quality and protective vests which are perfectly bulletproof. The purpose of this study is to investigate the physics and concepts of shear thickening fluids and perform a computational CFD simulation of liquid body armors which consist of a combination of polyethylene glycol liquid and nanoparticles of silica. A model of multiphase flow environment with STFKevlar, as a representative of the non-Newtonian shear thickening fluid (STF), is simulated in STAR-CCM+ in order to analyze the behavior of STFs under impact and performance of novel liquid body armors. In the current simulation, Eulerian multiphase flow and volume of fluid (VOF) are applied to generate three discrete regions and determine the volume fraction of each phase including gas, non-Newtonian liquid and solid which represent air, STFKevlar and bullet, respectively. Moreover, dynamic fluid body interactions (DFBI) and overset mesh are utilized to consider the interactions between the regions and forces applied. In this study, the properties of the bullet are based on characteristics of a regular pistol bullet, and it approaches the STFKevlar with the constant speed of 400 m/s. The results show that the non-Newtonian material is initially at equilibrium state and while the bullet approaches the STFKevlar, it acts like a shear thinning fluid. As a high-speed bullet nears the STFKevlar, it absorbs the significant amount of energy that is applied by the bullet. Consequently, the bullet stops penetrating the STFKevlar in a very small fraction of time due to the considerable increase in viscosity. As the shear rate increases over a certain critical value, viscosity increases remarkably which is the main characteristic of shear thickening transition and finally, it reaches to its maximum value of viscosity in approximately 8 × 10−5sec. In addition, a bullet applies a considerable amount of force on any Kevlar due to its high velocity and kinetic energy; however, the high resistant STFKevlar is approved as a high quality and protective vests which stops the bullet in 6 × 10−4sec.

scholarly journals Transportation Infrastructure Construction and High-Quality Development of Enterprises: Evidence from the Quasi-Natural Experiment of High-Speed Railway Opening in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13316
Author(s):  
Tianjiao Zhao ◽  
Xiang Xiao ◽  
Qinghui Dai
Keyword(s):  
Information Disclosure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Quality Development ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
The Impact

High-quality development of the economy is an important guarantee for economic and business sustainability, and the construction of transportation infrastructure is an important channel to achieving high-quality development. Thus, we take the opening of China’s high-speed railway (HSR) as a quasi-natural experiment and use the difference-in-difference model to explore the impact and mechanism of HSR on firms’ high-quality development. By using the total factor productivity of enterprises as the proxy for high-quality development, the empirical results show that: (1) the opening of the HSR can significantly promote high-quality development of enterprises; (2) the quality of information disclosure plays a mediating role in such relationships; and (3) the impact of HSR on enterprises’ high-quality development is more significant for enterprises that are located in cities with better business environments. Overall, this research indicates that local infrastructure construction is an important factor to achieve high-quality development of enterprises as well as economic sustainability that cannot be ignored, and this conclusion will be helpful for corporate managers in enhancing the quality of information disclosure, as well as for local governments to attach more importance to optimizing business environments to achieve high-quality development and economic sustainability.

Structural changes in silicon-on-insulator material during post-implantation annealing

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 736-737
Author(s):  
C. O. Jung ◽  
S. J. Krause ◽  
S.R. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Radiation Hardened ◽  
Post Implantation ◽  
Very High

Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structures have excellent potential for future use in radiation hardened and high speed integrated circuits. For device fabrication in SOI material a high quality superficial Si layer above a buried oxide layer is required. Recently, Celler et al. reported that post-implantation annealing of oxygen implanted SOI at very high temperatures would eliminate virtually all defects and precipiates in the superficial Si layer. In this work we are reporting on the effect of three different post implantation annealing cycles on the structure of oxygen implanted SOI samples which were implanted under the same conditions.

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