Shift Work and Obesity among Canadian Women: A Cross-Sectional Study Using a Novel Exposure Assessment Tool

Background/Objectives It has been suggested that the association between shift work and chronic disease is mediated by an increase in obesity. However, investigations of the relationship between shift work and obesity reveal mixed findings. Using a recently developed exposure assessment tool, this study examined the association between shift work and obesity among Canadian women from two studies: a cohort of university alumni, and a population-based study. Methods Self-administered questionnaire data were used from healthy, currently employed females in a population-based study, the Ontario Women’s Diet and Health case-control study (n = 1611 controls), and from a subset of a of university alumni from the Canadian Study of Diet, Lifestyle, and Health (n = 1097) cohort study. Overweight was defined as BMI=25 to <30, and obesity as BMI=30. Reported occupation was converted to occupational codes and linked to a probability of shift work value derived from Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics data. Regular evenings, nights, or rotating work comprised shift work. Polytomous logistic regression estimated the association between probability of shift work, categorized as near nil, low, medium, and high probability of shift work, on overweight and obesity, controlling for detected confounders. Results In the population-based sample, high probability of shift work was associated with obesity (reference = near nil probability of shift work, OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.01–3.51, p = 0.047). In the alumni cohort, no significant association was detected between shift work and overweight or obesity. Conclusions As these analyses found a positive association between high probability of shift work exposure and obesity in a population-based sample, but not in an alumni cohort, it is suggested that the relationship between shift work and obesity is complex, and may be particularly susceptible to occupational and education-related factors within a given population.

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Education modifies the relationship between height and cognitive function in a cross-sectional population-based study of older adults in Rural South Africa

European Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1007/s10654-018-0453-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 131-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lindsay C. Kobayashi ◽

Lisa F. Berkman ◽

Ryan G. Wagner ◽

Kathleen Kahn ◽

Stephen Tollman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rural South ◽

Population Based Study ◽

The Relationship ◽

Rural South Africa

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Overweight and obesity in shift workers: associated dietary and lifestyle factors

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa084 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 532-537

Author(s):

Victoria M O’Brien ◽

Fiona M Nea ◽

L Kirsty Pourshahidi ◽

M Barbara E Livingstone ◽

Laura Bardon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shift Work ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The European Union ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Shift Workers ◽

Lifestyle Behaviours ◽

Fried Foods

Abstract Background Approximately 17% of the European Union workforce is engaged in shift work. Shift work has been associated with a number of chronic conditions, including obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the dietary and lifestyle behaviours of shift workers with a healthy vs. overweight/obese body mass index (BMI). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1080 shift workers using a 15-min, telephone-administered questionnaire developed from qualitative research on Irish shift workers and national dietary intake data. Demographic and work-related factors, as well as dietary and lifestyle behaviours were recorded. BMI was calculated using self-reported height and weight. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods were used to analyze data according to BMI category. Results Over 40% of shift workers were classified as overweight or obese. Multivariate analysis indicated that being male [P < 0.001, aOR = 2.102, 95% CI (1.62–2.73)] and middle- or older-aged were independently associated with overweight and obesity [P < 0.001, aOR = 2.44 95% CI (1.84–3.24) and P < 0.001, aOR = 2.9 95% CI (1.94–4.35), respectively]. Having a medium–high consumption of fried foods was independently associated with overweight and obesity [aOR = 1.38, 95% CI (1.06–1.8)]. Conclusions Similar to the general population, overweight and obesity were strongly associated with male sex and middle- or older-age. Male shift workers may benefit from targeted dietary and lifestyle advice specifically focused on limiting fried foods to help protect against overweight and obesity.

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Is breakfast consumption related to mental distress and academic performance in adolescents?

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980007258550 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 422-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

Lars Lien

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Mental Distress ◽

Population Based ◽

Immigrant Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Breakfast Consumption ◽

10Th Grade ◽

The Relationship ◽

Skipping Breakfast

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship between mental distress, academic performance and regular breakfast consumption across gender and immigration status.DesignCross-sectional population-based study. Two four-page questionnaires were filled in during two school sessions.SettingAll junior high schools in Oslo, Norway using the classroom as the setting for the study.SubjectsAll 10th grade students 15–16 years olds in 2000 and 2001. Of 8316 eligible students, 7343 (88.3%) participated in the study.ResultsAll immigrant groups, except the Western countries group, are skipping breakfast more often than Norwegian students, and girls more often than boys (27 versus 19%). After adjustment for possible confounding factors, the odds ratio (OR) for being mentally distressed when eating breakfast seldom/never compared with every day was 3.0 (2.0–4.5) for boys, 1.6 (1.2–2.1) for girls and 1.6 (1.5–2.6) for the immigrant group. The comparable OR for having low school grades was similar for boys and girls, 2.0 (1.3–3.0), and 1.6 (1.5–2.6) for the immigrant groups.ConclusionsSkipping breakfast is a common feature among 10th grade students. The implications of skipping breakfast on mental distress and academic performance are stronger for boys than girls and stronger for Norwegians compared with immigrants.

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Differences in physical activity, eating habits and risk of obesity among Kuwaiti adolescent boys and girls: a population-based study

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2016-0138 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Hanan E. Badr ◽

S. Fatima Lakha ◽

Peter Pennefather

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Food Choices ◽

Population Based ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

School Based ◽

Lifestyle Education ◽

Skipping Breakfast

Abstract The study aimed to assess gender differences among Kuwaiti adolescents in healthy living choices that impact the risk of obesity. A cross-sectional multistage cluster design was employed with a representative sample of 2672 students aged 13–15 years who completed a self-administered Global School-based Student Health (GSHS) survey. The study found that around 48.0% of adolescents were overweight and obese. More boys than girls were obese (28.2% vs. 22.3%, p < 0.0001). However, boys were more likely than girls to report healthy food choices regarding fruit (38.1% vs. 33.2%), and vegetables (21.8% vs. 16.7%). Only 20.7% of adolescents reported physical activity for more than 60 min/day, predominately by boys rather than girls (30.8% vs. 10.5%, respectively, p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that male gender, skipping breakfast and physical inactivity were significantly correlated with the risk of overweight and obesity among adolescents. These results suggest that lifestyle education for promoting healthy body masses targeting adolescents should take gender into account.

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The relationship between socioeconomic status/income and prevalence of diabetes and associated conditions: A cross-sectional population-based study in Saskatchewan, Canada

International Journal for Equity in Health ◽

10.1186/s12939-015-0237-0 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Yelena Bird ◽

Mark Lemstra ◽

Marla Rogers ◽

John Moraros

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Associated Conditions ◽

The Relationship

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Evaluation of the Relationship Between Types of Occupational Risk Factors and Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Among Iranian Employed Pregnant Women

ACTA MEDICA IRANICA ◽

10.18502/acta.v57i7.2329 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nazanin Izadi ◽

Omid Aminian ◽

Pegah Estakhrian ◽

Samaneh Akbarpour ◽

Mahin Ahmadi Pishkuhi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Shift Work ◽

Gestational Hypertension ◽

Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Occupational Risk Factors ◽

Induced Hypertension ◽

The Relationship

Gestational hypertension or pregnancy-induced hypertension is the emergence of hypertension in a pregnant women after 20 weeks of gestation. This study aimed to evaluate the job-related factors associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 560 pregnant women who referred to the Nursing Clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital in 2017; of all studied cases, 210 pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension were selected as cases and 350 women without pregnancy-induced hypertension were selected as controls. The data on demographic characteristics, occupational characteristics, and ergonomic dangers were collected by the researchers. Finally, the relationship between job variables and the probability of developing hypertension in pregnant women was measured. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the variables of body mass index, fertility, shift work, and service works had a significant relationship with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Women with service work were 2.32 times more likely to develop hypertension than women with other types of jobs (P=0.013). The people who had a shift work were 2.28 times more likely to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension than those who did not have shift work. Based on the results of this study, there was no relationship between ergonomic risks and pregnancy-induced hypertension. It seems that due to the higher frequency of pregnancy-induced hypertension in highly demanding jobs, it is necessary to pay more attention to the assessment of related risk factors, such as psychological variables. © 2019 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. Acta Med Iran 2019;57(7):430-434.

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Personality Profiles Identify Depressive Symptoms over Ten Years? A Population-Based Study

Depression Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2011/431314 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Kim Josefsson ◽

Päivi Merjonen ◽

Markus Jokela ◽

Laura Pulkki-Råback ◽

Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Population Based ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Harm Avoidance ◽

Novelty Seeking ◽

Personality Profiles ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Character Inventory ◽

The Relationship

Little is known about the relationship between temperament and character inventory (TCI) profiles and depressive symptoms. Personality profiles are useful, because personality traits may have different effects on depressive symptoms when combined with different combinations of other traits. Participants were from the population-based Young Finns study with repeated measurements in 1997, 2001, and 2007 ( to 1902). TCI was administered in 1997 and mild depressive symptoms (modified Beck’s depression inventory, BDI) were reported in 1997, 2001, and 2007. BDI-II was also administered in 2007. We found that high harm avoidance and low self-directedness related strongly to depressive symptoms. In addition, sensitive (NHR) and fanatical people (ScT) were especially vulnerable to depressive symptoms. high novelty seeking and reward dependence increased depressive symptoms when harm avoidance was high. These associations were very similar in cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis. Personality profiles help in understanding the complex associations between depressive symptoms and personality.

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