scholarly journals Design and Analysis of a Distributed Water Heat Pump System for Near- and Net-Zero Energy Commercial Buildings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maudud Hassan Quazi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Hvac System ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Net Zero

This objective of this project is to determine the energy and environmental potential of distributed common loop water source heat pump system in a near or net-zero commercial office building, which has simultaneous heating and cooling load in winter and shoulder seasons. It is expected that the perimeter zones will have heating demand during those months, while the core zones will have consistent cooling demand throughout the year. The motive is to reclaim the rejected heat from the cooling operation and transfer it to the zones requiring heating. The building under study is a 60,000 ft2 three storey commercial office building, which has private offices along the perimeter, and open work area in the core. In the first part of the analysis, the base building has been modelled and simulated to the minimum requirements of ASHRAE 90.1-Energy Standard for Buildings except Low-Rise Residential Buildings using simulation software eQuest 3.65. The Heating Ventilation and Airconditioning (HVAC) system used is four-pipe fan coil system serving individual zones. The fan coil units use a centralized natural gas boiler and a variable capacity centrifugal chiller as external source of heating and cooling respectively. The base case consumes a total of 524.54 x 1000 kWh of electricity and 1,056 million Btu of natural gas annually. The second part is the modelling and simulation of a proposed case, which uses the same building envelope, occupancy, lighting and equipment as the base case. The HVAC system used is a distributed common loop heat pump system connected to a cooling tower for heat rejection, and a condensing boiler for heat addition. During the occupied hours, when simultaneous cooling and heating loads exist in the building, the cooling zone heat pumps rejects exhaust heat into the common loop, and the heat is subsequently used by the heat pumps operating in heating mode. Using this method, the heat pump system reduces its dependence on the cooling tower and the boiler, which only operate to maintain the loop temperature in an acceptable range. There is 9,510 kWh (1.81%) increase in electricity consumption by proposed case comparing to the base building. Natural gas consumption has been reduced by 353.65 million Btu (33.48%). Annual utility bill has increased by $1,483.00 which is 1.88% higher than the base case. 15.7 tonnes of greenhouse gas can be reduced if the proposed case is adopted.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of a Distributed Water Heat Pump System for Near- and Net-Zero Energy Commercial Buildings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maudud Hassan Quazi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Hvac System ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Net Zero

This objective of this project is to determine the energy and environmental potential of distributed common loop water source heat pump system in a near or net-zero commercial office building, which has simultaneous heating and cooling load in winter and shoulder seasons. It is expected that the perimeter zones will have heating demand during those months, while the core zones will have consistent cooling demand throughout the year. The motive is to reclaim the rejected heat from the cooling operation and transfer it to the zones requiring heating. The building under study is a 60,000 ft2 three storey commercial office building, which has private offices along the perimeter, and open work area in the core. In the first part of the analysis, the base building has been modelled and simulated to the minimum requirements of ASHRAE 90.1-Energy Standard for Buildings except Low-Rise Residential Buildings using simulation software eQuest 3.65. The Heating Ventilation and Airconditioning (HVAC) system used is four-pipe fan coil system serving individual zones. The fan coil units use a centralized natural gas boiler and a variable capacity centrifugal chiller as external source of heating and cooling respectively. The base case consumes a total of 524.54 x 1000 kWh of electricity and 1,056 million Btu of natural gas annually. The second part is the modelling and simulation of a proposed case, which uses the same building envelope, occupancy, lighting and equipment as the base case. The HVAC system used is a distributed common loop heat pump system connected to a cooling tower for heat rejection, and a condensing boiler for heat addition. During the occupied hours, when simultaneous cooling and heating loads exist in the building, the cooling zone heat pumps rejects exhaust heat into the common loop, and the heat is subsequently used by the heat pumps operating in heating mode. Using this method, the heat pump system reduces its dependence on the cooling tower and the boiler, which only operate to maintain the loop temperature in an acceptable range. There is 9,510 kWh (1.81%) increase in electricity consumption by proposed case comparing to the base building. Natural gas consumption has been reduced by 353.65 million Btu (33.48%). Annual utility bill has increased by $1,483.00 which is 1.88% higher than the base case. 15.7 tonnes of greenhouse gas can be reduced if the proposed case is adopted.

Energy Analysis and Optimization of a Water-Loop Heat Pump System

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shui Yuan ◽  
Michel Grabon
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The Impact

A water-loop heat pump system consists of a set of water-source heat pumps that are connected with a closed-loop water network, which allows heat to be injected into or extracted out of the loop water. Such a configuration is able to meet simultaneous heating and cooling demands with a heat recovery capability. This paper analyzes the impact of loop water temperature on energy performance of individual heat pumps and the whole system, demonstrates that there exists a unique loop water temperature that minimizes overall power consumption of the configuration under discussion, and proposes a strategy to find the optimal temperature, which can be implemented in a real-time application. Simulations have been conducted to verify that a significant energy savings can be achieved over conventional practice.

Refrigerant Subcooling Correlations for Different Expansion Devices for a Non-Intrusive Charge Indicator

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Gao ◽  
V. C. Mei
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Cooling Mode ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Expansion Valve

The most common problems affecting residential and light commercial heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems are slow refrigerant leaks. Equipment users are usually not aware of the problem until most of the refrigerant has escaped. A low-cost, non-intrusive refrigerant charge indicator has been developed, based on temperature measurements and correlations formed to interpret the measured temperatures. It can be used to provide real time warnings to the equipment users before the majority of refrigerant is escaped. It could be inexpensive and easy to incorporate into existing heat pumps and air conditioners. Extensive laboratory experimental work was performed on a 2-ton window air conditioner and on a 2.5 ton split heat pump system. It was found that the heat pump was not sensitive to slow refrigerant leak because of the long liquid line. Liquid subcooling was measured to determine the system charge status before a substantial amount of refrigerant was leaked. This study reports the finding of correlations formed for liquid subcooling for the orifice plate and thermal expansion valve used on the heat pump system for both heating and cooling mode operation.

DETERMINING THE PROFITABILITY OF GREENHOUSE ELECTROTECHNOLOGIES: A MODELING APPROACH

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 249a-249
Author(s):  
Eric A. Lavoie ◽  
Damien de Halleux ◽  
André Gosselin ◽  
Jean-Claude Dufour
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Water System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Marketable Fruit

The main objective of this research was to produce a simulated model that permitted the evaluation of operating costs of commercial greenhouse tomato growers with respect to heating methods (hot air, hot water, radiant and heat pumps) and the use of artificial lighting for 1991 and 1992. This research showed that the main factors that negatively influence profitability were energy consumption during cold periods and the price of tomatoes during the summer season. The conventional hot water system consumed less energy than the heat pump system and produced marketable fruit yields similar to those from the heat pump system. The hot water system was generally more profitable in regards to energy consumption and productivity. Moreover, investment costs were less; therefore, this system gives best overall financial savings. As for radiant and hot air systems, their overall financial status falls between that of the hot water system and the heat pump. The radiant system proved to be more energy efficient that the hot air system, but the latter produced a higher marketable fruit yield over the 2-year study.

scholarly journals Exergoeconomic optimization of solar heat pump systems of heat supply

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 01125
Author(s):  
Mexriya Koroly ◽  
Anvar Anarbaev ◽  
Alisher Usmanov ◽  
Kuvondyk Soliev
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Solar Heat ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Industrial Heating

In this paper, there is analyzed the results of exergy economic optimization of heat-cooling supply in building by using the solar heat pump system. It is possible to realize a system having high reliability in operation of the system. The solar heat pump system according to the present technical decision has high energy efficiency while ensuring reliability, and is useful as a domestic air conditioning and heating water heater. It can also be applied to uses such as industrial heating and cooling devices.

scholarly journals Numerical evaluation of the performance of a single-well groundwater source heat pump system in Beijing, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianfu Xu ◽  
Fengyu Li ◽  
Bo Feng ◽  
Guanhong Feng ◽  
Zhenjiao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transport ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Groundwater Source ◽  
Beijing China

Shallow geothermal energy is stable and clean. Using a heat pump to produce groundwater and realize heating and cooling can effectively prevent haze and reduce energy consumption. To reduce engineering costs, many buildings in Beijing, China, plan to utilize single-well groundwater source heat pumps. Numerical modeling is an effective way to gain an understanding of thermal transport processes. However, wellbore-reservoir coupling and the uncertainty of productivity due to geological parameters make simulation difficult. A wellbore-reservoir-integrated fluid and heat transport model is defined by T2Well simulator to predict the productivity of a typical single-well system, with consideration of complex geological factors. The model is validated by the analytical model developed in Beijing, China. The fluid processes in the wellbore are described by 1 D non-Darcy flow, and the reservoir 3 D fluid and heat transport processes are calculated. Six crucial factors satisfying a random distribution are used, and for a single well that can supply heat for an area of 9000 m2, the output temperature during the heating season ranges from 11°C to 15°C.

scholarly journals Experimental performance analysis of a multiple-source and multiple-use heat pump system: winter field experiment and heating operation performance evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 01076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhe Liu ◽  
Ryozo Ooka ◽  
Toshiyuki Hino ◽  
Ke Wen ◽  
Wonjun Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Multiple Source ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Operation Performance ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Heating And Cooling

We herein report the development of a distributed heat pump system that can utilize a variety of renewable energy sources to meet different building heating and cooling demands (i.e., a multiple source and multiple use heat pump system, MMHP). In this system, a water circulating loop is used to connect ground heat exchangers, a unique sky-source heat pump, and various heat pumps for heating and cooling purposes to form a thermal network within a building. This distribution increases the flexibility of the system and allows an improved matching of supply and demand. To evaluate the system performance, an experimental house was constructed, and a winter field experiment was conducted. We found that the reported heat pump for floor heating achieved a stable operation with a high coefficient of performance of ~11.5, while the heat collecting operation performance of the sky-source heat pump varied significantly depending on the amount of solar radiation and the outside air temperature. Finally, since the sky-source heat pump contributes to an improvement in the whole system performance, it appears that there is still room for improved regarding the whole system performance by adjusting the operating and control strategy.

Experimental Study of Heating-Cooling Combined Ground Source Heat Pump System with Horizontal Ground Heat Exchanger

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 398-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Ning Hu ◽  
Ban Jun Peng ◽  
Shan Shan Hu ◽  
Jun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Ground Heat Exchanger ◽  
Pipe Length ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Heating And Cooling

A hot-water and air-conditioning (HWAC) combined ground sourse heat pump(GSHP) system with horizontal ground heat exchanger self-designed and actualized was presented in this paper. The heat transfer performance for the heat exchanger of two different pipe arrangements, three layers and four layers, respectively, was compared. It showed that the heat exchange quantity per pipe length for the pipe arrangement of three layers and four layers are 18.0 W/m and 15.0 W/m. The coefficient of performance (COP) of unit and system could remain 4.8 and 4.2 as GSHP system for heating water, and the COP of heating and cooling combination are up to 8.5 and 7.5, respectively. The power consumption of hot-water in a whole year is 9.0 kwh/t. The economy and feasibility analysis on vertical and horizontal ground heat exchanger were made, which showed that the investment cost per heat exchange quantity of horizontal ground heat exchanger is 51.4% lower than that of the vertical ground heat exchanger, but the occupied area of the former is 7 times larger than the latter's.

An Economical Analysis on a Solar Greenhouse Integrated Solar Assisted Geothermal Heat Pump System

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onder Ozgener ◽  
Arif Hepbasli
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Ahp Method ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Economical Analysis ◽  
Geothermal Heat Pump

The main objective in doing the present study is twofold, namely (i) to review briefly the utilization of geothermally heated greenhouses and geothermal heat pumps in Turkey, since the system studied utilizes both renewable energy resources and (ii) to present the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a potential decision making method for use in a greenhouse integrated solar assisted geothermal heat pump system (GISAGHPS), which was installed in the Solar Energy Institute of Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. This investigation may also be regarded as the one of the limited studies on the application of the AHP method to GISAGHPs, as no studies on the GISAGHPS have appeared in the literature. In this context, an economic analysis is performed based on the life cycle costing technique first. The results are then evaluated by applying the AHP method to a study, which is a comparative study on the GISAGHPS and split system. The results indicated that the GISAGHPS is economically preferable to the conventional split heating/cooling system under Turkey’s conditions.

scholarly journals A Comparative Energy and Economic Analysis between a Low Enthalpy Geothermal Design and Gas, Diesel and Biomass Technologies for a HVAC System Installed in an Office Building

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 870 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Villarino ◽  
Alberto Villarino ◽  
I. de Arteaga ◽  
Roberto Quinteros ◽  
Alejandro Alañón
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Coupled Heat Pump

This paper presents an analysis of economic and energy between a ground-coupled heat pump system and other available technologies, such as natural gas, biomass, and diesel, providing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning to an office building. All the proposed systems are capable of reaching temperatures of 22 °C/25 °C in heating and cooling modes. EnergyPlus software was used to develop a simulation model and carry out the validation process. The first objective of the paper is the validation of the numerical model developed in EnergyPlus with the experimental results collected from the monitored building to evaluate the system in other operating conditions and to compare it with other available technologies. The second aim of the study is the assessment of the position of the low enthalpy geothermal system proposed versus the rest of the systems, from energy, economic, and environmental aspects. In addition, the annual heating and cooling seasonal energy efficiency ratio (COPsys) of the ground-coupled heat pump (GCHP) shown is higher than the others. The economic results determine a period between 6 and 9 years for the proposed GCHP system to have lower economic cost than the rest of the systems. The results obtained determine that the GCHP proposed system can satisfy the thermal demand in heating and cooling conditions, with optimal environmental values and economic viability.

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