scholarly journals The removal of fats, oils and grease (FOG) from food industry wastewater by magnetic coagulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Bavar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Magnetic Powder ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation Process ◽  
Excess Amount ◽  
Oils And Grease

Wastewater containing fats, oils and grease (FOG) is problematic in several ways: foul odors, blockage of sewer lines, interference with the proper sewage treatment operation and excess amount of FOG that can lead to certain fines for responsible wastewater generator. In this paper, the magnetic coagulation process is used to destabilize the oily wastewater emulsions while assisting with the oil floc formation. The oil/magnetic powder flocs were subsequently deposited and removed with the assistance of magnetic field. Preliminary investigations were devoted to calculations of optimal magnetic field. Preliminary investigations were devoted to calculations of optimal magnetic powder proportions were devoted to calculations of optimal magnetic powder proportions of various sizes and their oil sorption capacity. The results from the jar test confirmed the effectiveness of the magnetic coagulation procedure. It was demonstrated that the magnetic coagulation process with optimum amount of magnetic powder of 12 g/L could remove 94.2% of FOG, 96.9% of total suspended solids (TSS), and 86.7% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) on average.

scholarly journals The removal of fats, oils and grease (FOG) from food industry wastewater by magnetic coagulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Bavar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Magnetic Powder ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation Process ◽  
Excess Amount ◽  
Oils And Grease

Wastewater containing fats, oils and grease (FOG) is problematic in several ways: foul odors, blockage of sewer lines, interference with the proper sewage treatment operation and excess amount of FOG that can lead to certain fines for responsible wastewater generator. In this paper, the magnetic coagulation process is used to destabilize the oily wastewater emulsions while assisting with the oil floc formation. The oil/magnetic powder flocs were subsequently deposited and removed with the assistance of magnetic field. Preliminary investigations were devoted to calculations of optimal magnetic field. Preliminary investigations were devoted to calculations of optimal magnetic powder proportions were devoted to calculations of optimal magnetic powder proportions of various sizes and their oil sorption capacity. The results from the jar test confirmed the effectiveness of the magnetic coagulation procedure. It was demonstrated that the magnetic coagulation process with optimum amount of magnetic powder of 12 g/L could remove 94.2% of FOG, 96.9% of total suspended solids (TSS), and 86.7% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) on average.

scholarly journals Shewhart's control charts and process capability ratio applied to a sewage treatment station

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 770-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Orssatto ◽  
Marcio A. Vilas Boas ◽  
Ricardo Nagamine ◽  
Miguel A. Uribe-Opazo
Keyword(s):  
Control Charts ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Process Capability ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Shewhart Control Charts ◽  
Shewhart Control

The current study used statistical methods of quality control to evaluate the performance of a sewage treatment station. The concerned station is located in Cascavel city, Paraná State. The evaluated parameters were hydrogenionic potential, settleable solids, total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand in five days. Statistical analysis was performed through Shewhart control charts and process capability ratio. According to Shewhart charts, only the BOD(5.20) variable was under statistical control. Through capability ratios, we observed that except for pH the sewage treatment station is not capable to produce effluents under characteristics that fulfill specifications or standard launching required by environmental legislation.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation and upgrade options for existing sequencing batch reactor for nutrient removal

2019 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 06007
Author(s):  
Jahziel Lantin ◽  
Jeremy Ynnos Abenoja ◽  
Jason Ly ◽  
Cheenee Marie Castillones ◽  
Arnel Beltran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Assessment and upgrade of existing sewage treatment plants (STPs) are necessary due to the revision of the existing effluent regulations which now monitors nutrients including ammonia, nitrate and phosphates. The aim of this study is the performance evaluation of four sequencing batch reactor (SBR) type of STP based on the following parameters: biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), nitrates, ammonia, phosphates and pH; and their potential upgrade based on the revised regulations stated in DAO 2016-08. Four sequencing batch reactor (SBR) type of STP were assessed for 12 weeks for this study. Results showed noncompliance with nutrient levels, thus upgrade is necessary. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), a Multi-Criteria-Analysis (MCA) tool, was used to select the best option for upgrade among options that include (1) additional SBR tank, (2) diverting wastewater to another treatment facility, and (3) converting the SBR into membrane bioreactor (MBR). Considering the criterion for upgrade, option 2 was the most preferred decision followed by option 1 then option 3.

The Effects of Aluminum Sludge From Water Purification on Municipal Primary Sewage Treatment

1973 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-147
Author(s):  
J. D. O’Blenis ◽  
T.R. Warriner
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Alum Sludge

Abstract The current widespread practice of disposal of water filtration plant wastes by direct discharge to receiving waters is coming under critical review by regulatory agencies. Among the alternatives for management of these wastes is the possibility of disposal to sanitary sewer systems. Since a recent nation-wide survey had established alum sludge as the most common waste generated by filtration plants, research was initiated to study the effects of water plant alum sludge on primary sewage treatment. A pilot primary sewage treatment plant was constructed and operated with a raw sewage feed of five litres per minute. A laboratory jar test program was conducted to supplement pilot plant operation. Sludges from two different water purification plants were tested along with alum and combinations of alum and water purification plant sludge for their effects on the removal of suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and phosphates. The data showed jar testing to be a good indicator of pilot plant performance. Suspended solids, COD and phosphate removal efficiencies were improved by the addition of the sludges. The phosphate removal capacity of water treatment plant alum sludge was approximately the same as that reported for aluminum hydroxide, or about 1/7 to 1/9 of that determined for alum (as Aluminum). Recycling of the sludges improved phosphate removal performance.

A Decade of Change at West-Southwest Sewage Treatment Works, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 555-571
Author(s):  
Nicholas J Melas ◽  
Raymond R Rimkus
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
The West ◽  
West Side ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Effluent Standards ◽  
Solids Processing

The Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago's West-Southwest Sewage Treatment Works consists of the West Side Treatment Works, an Imhoff facility placed in operation in 1930, and the Southwest Sewage Treatment Works, an activated sludge plant placed in operation in 1939. This paper focuses on the decade of “1970's” and examines changes in plant operating procedures along with plant additions and improvements that were implemented in order to meet stringent water quality and effluent standards. The effect of the energy crisis and the measures taken at the West-Southwest Sewage Treatment Works to lessen its impact are reported. Over the study period, very costly and energy intensive solids processing operations were either curtailed or eliminated. New and innovative processes of sludge handling were developed and implemented. The net effect of these changes in solids processing coupled with modifications in the secondary wastewater treatment operations have resulted in a significant improvement in the effluent quality of the plant. In the early seventies, the effluent concentration for suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, and ammonia-nitrogen were 30, 23, and 12 mg/l, respectively; the corresponding values for these parameters in 1981 averaged 6, 6, and 1.4 mg/l.

scholarly journals Dragon Fruit Foliage Plant-Based Coagulant for Treatment of Concentrated Latex Effluent: Comparison of Treatment with Ferric Sulfate

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juferi Idris ◽  
Ayub Md Som ◽  
Mohibah Musa ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid ◽  
Rafidah Husen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ferric Sulfate ◽  
South American ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Foliage Plant

The effectiveness of dragon fruit foliage as a natural coagulant for treatment of concentrated latex effluent was investigated and compared with ferric sulfate, a chemical coagulant. Dragon fruit is a round and often red-colored fruit with scales-like texture and is native to south American countries which is also cultivated and heavily marketed in southeast Asian countries. Its foliage represents a part of its overall plant system. Latex effluent is one of the main byproduct from rubber processing factories in Malaysia. Three main parameters investigated were chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), and turbidity of effluent. Coagulation experiments using jar test were performed with a flocculation system where the effects of latex effluent pH as well as coagulation dosage on coagulation effectiveness were examined. The highest recorded COD, SS, and turbidity removal percentages for foliage were observed for effluent pH 10 at 94.7, 88.9, and 99.7%, respectively. It is concluded that the foliage showed tremendous potential as a natural coagulant for water treatment purposes. The foliage could be used in the pretreatment stage of Malaysian latex effluent prior to secondary treatment.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Sewage Wastewater Using Autochthonous Bacteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnima Dhall ◽  
Rita Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Autochthonous Bacteria

The performance of isolated designed consortia comprisingBacillus pumilus, Brevibacterium sp, and Pseudomonas aeruginosafor the treatment of sewage wastewater in terms of reduction in COD (chemical oxygen demand), BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) MLSS (mixed liquor suspended solids), and TSS (total suspended solids) was studied. Different parameters were optimized (inoculum size, agitation, and temperature) to achieve effective results in less period of time. The results obtained indicated that consortium in the ratio of 1 : 2 (effluent : biomass) at 200 rpm, 35°C is capable of effectively reducing the pollutional load of the sewage wastewaters, in terms of COD, BOD, TSS, and MLSS within the desired discharge limits, that is, 32 mg/L, 8 mg/L, 162 mg/L, and 190 mg/L. The use of such specific consortia can overcome the inefficiencies of the conventional biological treatment facilities currently operational in sewage treatment plants.

scholarly journals Extracellular polymeric substance production in high rate algal oxidation ponds

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 2647-2654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taobat A. Jimoh ◽  
A. Keith Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Heterotrophic Metabolism ◽  
Partial Characterisation ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Oxidation Ponds

Abstract Integrated algal pond systems (IAPSs) combine anaerobic and aerobic bioprocesses to affect sewage treatment. The present work describes the isolation and partial characterisation of soluble extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) associated with microalgal bacterial flocs (MaB-flocs) generated in high rate algal oxidation ponds (HRAOPs) of an IAPS treating domestic sewage. Productivity and change in MaB-flocs concentration, measured as mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) between morning (MLSSAM) and evening (MLSSPM) were monitored and the substructure of the MaB-flocs matrix examined by biochemical analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Results show that MaB-flocs from HRAOPs are assemblages of microorganisms produced as discrete aggregates as a result of microbial EPS production. Formation and accumulation of the EPS was stimulated by light. Analysis by FT-IR revealed characteristic carbohydrate enrichment of these polymeric substances. In contrast, FT-IR spectra of EPSs from dark-incubated MaB-flocs confirmed that these polymers contained increased aliphatic and aromatic functionalities relative to carbohydrates. These differences, it was concluded, were due to dark-induced transition from phototrophic to heterotrophic metabolism. The results negate microalgal cell death as a contributor to elevated chemical oxygen demand of IAPS treated water.

scholarly journals Treatment of Wastewater from Bean Sprout Production for Reuse

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Burgos-Lujan ◽  
Anthony Zhaoguo Tong
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Bean Sprout ◽  
Low Level

Bean sprout production consumes a significant volume of municipal water and generates a similar amount of wastewater. Water costs become a serious concern for this food industry, therefore wastewater reuse is highly desired by many sprout producers. Bean sprout wastewater has a relatively low level of contamination, which gives a great potential for reuse. The objective of this study was to exam the treatment feasibility of sprout production wastewater using a membrane bioreactor. Real-world wastewater from a sprout producer was treated continuously for 35 days. Important water quality parameters were monitored closely including chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia, tannins, pH, total suspended solids (TSS), etc. Once the biological system was stabilized, the MBR’s effluent showed very low level of COD, ammonia, TSS and bacteria, which demonstrated that the reuse of sprout wastewater is achievable.

Evaluation of sludge properties in a pilot-scale UASB reactor for sewage treatment in a temperate region

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 1959-1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Syutsubo ◽  
W. Yoochatchaval ◽  
I. Tsushima ◽  
N. Araki ◽  
K. Kubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

In this study, continuous operation of a pilot-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for sewage treatment was conducted for 630 days to investigate the physical and microbial characteristics of the retained sludge. The UASB reactor with a working volume of 20.2 m3 was operated at ambient temperature (16–29 °C) and seeded with digested sludge. After 180 days of operation, when the sewage temperature had dropped to 20 °C or lower, the removal efficiency of both total suspended solids (TSS) and total biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) deteriorated due to washout of retained sludge. At low temperature, the cellulose concentration of the UASB sludge increased owing to the rate limitation of the hydrolytic reaction of suspended solids in the sewage. However, after an improvement in sludge retention (settleability and concentration) in the UASB reactor, the process performance stabilized and gave sufficient results (68% of TSS removal, 75% of total BOD removal) at an hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 9.7 h. The methanogenic activity of the retained sludge significantly increased after day 246 due to the accumulation of Methanosaeta and Methanobacterium following the improvement in sludge retention in the UASB reactor. Acid-forming bacteria from phylum Bacteroidetes were detected at high frequency; thus, these bacteria may have an important role in suspended solids degradation.

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