scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of “Batuan” [Garcinia binucao (Blco.) Choisy] Seed Protein

2014 ◽  
pp. 89-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Quevedo ◽  
Marivic Lacsamana ◽  
Antonio Laurena
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Seed Proteins ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Hydrophobic Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Score

“Batuan” [Garcinia binucao (Blco.) Choisy], an indigenous, lesser known member of the Gutifferae family with export potential is underutilized and understudied. The present study was carried out to extract and characterize the protein in “batuan” [Garcinia binucao (Blco.) Choisy] seeds for nutritional quality assessment. Protein content of “batuan” seed meal was 8.9 ± 0.59% dry basis. Solubility fractionation of “batuan” seed meal showed globulin and glutelin as the major seed proteins. SDS-PAGE resolved the globulin and glutelin into three groups of polypeptides with molecular weights of about 20 – 54 kDa. Amino acid analysis revealed that seed protein contained all the essential amino acids with leucine as the most abundant while tryptophan, the least. “Batuan” seed proteins were mostly made up of acidic and hydrophobic amino acids with glutamic acid (2.67%) as the highest. Nutritional assessments including E/T (38.4%), amino acid score (1.6%), predicted PER (3.2-3.7) and estimated BV (98.3%) suggested that the seed proteins are of good quality. Hence, “batuan” seeds has a promising potential as an important sources of valuable proteins and amino acids for use as food supplement/enhancing ingredient.

Comparison on Nutrient Composition and Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Profile of Muscle in Wild and Farmed Prawn, Penaeus japonicu

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Hong Xu ◽  
Bin Lun Yan ◽  
Jia Tao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Penaeus Japonicus ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Amino Acid Score ◽  
Wild Group

Penaeus japonicus is an important marine shrimps resource in China. In order to evaluate the nutritional value, the contents of general nutritional compositions, amino acids and fatty acids in muscle were compared between wild and farmed P. japonicus. The contents of muscle moisture and crude protein, fat and ash in wild P. japonicus were 77.16%, 17.74%, 2.08% and 1.79％, and those in farmed P. japonicus were 78.02%, 17.26%, 2.04% and 1.63％, respectively. The essential amino acids (EAA) in wild and farmed P. japonicus were 23.25％ and 22.43％, respectively. The amino acid score of essential amino acids were higher than 100 except Leu and Trp, so the protein of P. japonicus has a well-balanced amino acid composition. Wild P. japonicus has more unsaturated fatty acids (64.05％) than farmed group (60.34％). Higher n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentainoic acids (EPA, 20:5 n-3), docosahexaenoic acids (DHA, 22:6 n-3) contents and lower C16:0, C20:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3 levels were detected in the wild group. Values of n-6/n-3 in muscle of farmed and wild P. japonicus were 0.30 and 0.23 respectively, which were both significantly lower than the maximum value (4.0) recommended by UK Department of Health (HMSO, 1994), while Values of the PUFA/SFA ratio of two groups were 0.60 and 0.74 higher than the minimum value (0.45) recommended by HMSO. Thus the muscle of farmed and wild P. japonicus are both healthy and safe, and the the muscle of wild P. japonicus is more beneficial to human health.

scholarly journals By-products of the oil industry as sources of amino acids in feed

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Zorica Tomičić ◽  
Nedeljka Spasevski ◽  
Sanja Popović ◽  
Vojislav Banjac ◽  
Olivera Đuragić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Amino Acid Score ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
By Products

A global increase in the demand for livestock products suggests that there will be a consequent rise in demand for feed, not only of cereals but of other feeds and particularly proteins. In the present study, oil industry by-products such as soybean meal, soybean cake and sunflower meal were analysed as sources of amino acids in animal nutrition. From among oilseed byproducts, the soybean meal content the most of crude protein up to 44% and the best of amino acid composition, while content of crude cellulose (about 6%) is lower in comparison to other oilseed meals. The results showed that the total amino acids in the examined samples ranged from 31.87 to 41.01%, and the total essential and nonessential amino acids varied from 13.41 to 17.38% and from 18.46 to 23.76%, respectively. Generally, the protein contained in soybean meal and cake was rich in essential amino acids. However, because of the lowest amino acid score, methionine was considered as a limiting amino acid in both soybean by-products. On the other hand, soya's meal contained higher level of lysine than other protein-based vegetable alternative to soya like sunflower meals examined in this study. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine and valine were the most abundant amino acids in all tested by-products of the oil industry. Therefore, partial substitution of protein sources in feeds with proteins from the oil industry by-products may improve feed quality.

Organoleptic Quality, Minerals, Proteins and Amino Acids from Two Tunisian Commercial Pomegranate Fruits

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid Elfalleh ◽  
Nizar Tlili ◽  
Ma Ying ◽  
He Sheng-Hua ◽  
Ali Ferchichi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Seed Proteins ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Total Amino Acid Content ◽  
Major Storage Protein

Chemicals from fresh pomegranates were established. Total sugar of juice extracts are mainly fructose (ca. 7.27 g/100 ml) and glucose (ca. 8.11 g/100 ml). Pulp minerals, expressed as mg/100g are potassium (351.26), magnesium (10.02), calcium (9.26), sodium (7.25), iron (0.15), Zinc (0.10), copper (0.08) and manganese (0.04). Juice proteins are about 7.95 g/l and dry pulp proteins are 24% on a dry-weight basis DW (Kjeldhal assays). Seed proteins are ca. 16.87% DW. Globulins (62.4 mg/g DW) and albumins (54.12 mg/g DW) are the major storage protein fractions, followed by glutelins (33.2 mg/g DW) and prolamins (18.08 mg/g DW). Seed total amino acid content is 14.45 g/100 g DW. Seeds are rich in Glu, Arg, Asp, Leu and Gly amino acids. Essential amino acids average 33.54% of total amino acid. Essential amino acids are mostly all much higher than the requirement of FAO/WHO for adults (but none for preschool children). Most other amino acids have content slightly fewer. All of these findings implied that the content of sugar, mineral and protein maybe included in pomegranate as supplements for commonly diets.

scholarly journals Food supplements from a Grasshopper: A developmental stage-wise evaluation of amino acid profile, protein and vitamins in Brachystola magna (Girard)

2019 ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.B. Zamudio-Flores ◽  
M. Hernández -Gonzaléz ◽  
V.G. García- Cano
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Amino Acids Composition

Insects can be used as an easily accessible food supplement; however, for nutritional purposes it is necessary to consider its protein content, amino acids composition and vitamin content. In this study a nutritional characterization (protein content, amino acid profile and hydrosoluble and liposoluble vitamins) was performed to the Brachystola magna (Girard) grasshopper in four stages of its biological cycle (egg, nymph 3, nymph 4 and adult). In the adult stage the highest values of protein content (> 59%) were observed compared with the other stages of development. At all stages of B. magna the presence of 9 out of the 10 essential amino acids were detected (just tryptophan amino acid was absent). Significant increases in the fat-soluble vitamins (A, D and E) were observed as the stage of development of B. magna increased, with the increase of vitamin E of ≈ 662% in the adult stage; however, the water-soluble vitamins of the B complex remained constant at all stages, but vitamin C, which increased significantly in the adult stage of this insect cycle. Results suggest that Brachystola magna (Girard) could be a potential source of consumption for people with specific health needs.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Minerals, Heavy Metals and Amino Acids Compositions of the Seeds and Juice of Cucumis metuliferus

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Onuabuchi Nnenna Ani ◽  
Cosmas Ezekaibeya Achikanu ◽  
Chukwuebuka Kenechukwu Onyishi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Food Supplement

The aim of this study was to compare the minerals, heavy metals and amino acids compositions of the seeds and juice of Cucumis metuliferus. The minerals and heavy metals content were evaluated using FS240AA agilent atomic absorption spectrometer according to the method of American Public Health Association while the amino acids content was evaluated using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). From the mineral analysis, concentrations of calcium (23.416 ppm), aluminum (0.094 ppm), manganese (0.242 ppm) and iron (1.243 ppm) were higher in the juice than in the seeds with respective values of 20.084 ppm, 0.079 ppm, 0.221 ppm and 0.934 ppm while the concentrations of magnesium (29.749 ppm), zinc (4.184 ppm), copper (0.125 ppm), sodium (8.927 ppm) and potassium (7.594 ppm) were higher in the seeds than in the juice with respective values of 20.592 ppm, 1.271 ppm, 0.030 ppm, 8.594 ppm and 6.833 ppm. The juice had higher concentrations of heavy metals such as arsenic (20.082 ppm), lead (4.135 ppm), cobalt (0.178 ppm), silver (0.074 ppm), selenium (7.246 ppm) and mercury (4.609 ppm) as against the seed with respective values of 0.578 ppm, 1.455 ppm while cobalt, silver, selenium and mercury were not detected. However, the concentrations of cadmium (0.389 ppm), chromium (0.545 ppm) and nickel (0.288 ppm) were higher in the seeds than in the juice with respective values of 0.082 ppm, 0.252 ppm and 0.016 ppm. From the result of amino acid analysis, 18 amino acids were found in both the seeds and juice which include 9 essential and 9 non-essential amino acids respectively. The qualitative composition of amino acids in both the seeds and the juice was same, but the quantitative contents differed although non-significantly from each other with prevalence of amino acids in the seeds. Aspartate was the most abundant of the amino acids found while cysteine was the least.  These results suggest that the seeds and juice of Cucumis metuliferus contain adequate essential minerals which are beneficial to human health. The contaminant levels of heavy metals highlights the necessity on the quality and safety concerns about their use and handling. The amino acids analysis showed that both the seeds and juice of Cucumis metuliferus are good sources of amino acid and could be used as food supplement. The amino acid content may also provide useful information for determination of the protein quality of Cucumis metuliferus.

scholarly journals Amino acid profile and scores of some selected traditional diets commonly consumed in northwest zone, Nigeria

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (13) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Maryam Abdulkadir Dangambo ◽  
Adamu Jibrin Alhassan ◽  
Atiku Muhammad Kano ◽  
Hafiz Abubakar ◽  
Zinat Suleiman Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Groundnut Oil ◽  
Standard Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Score ◽  
Traditional Diets

Background and aims: Amino acids composition of local and regional dietary proteins determines the protein quality. The study was aimed at evaluating amino acid profiles of some selected traditional diets commonly consumed in Jigawa (JG), Kano (KN) and Katsina (KT) States, Northwest Zone-Nigeria. Methods: The selected prepared diets (four per state) include; JG Tuwon masara using white maize served with Kuka soup (JG TMW SWKS), JG Tuwon masara using yellow maize served with Kuka soup (JG TMY SWKS), JG Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (JG Danwake SWGOP), JG Moimoi, KN Tuwon masara using white maize served with Kuka soup (KN TMW SWKS), KN Tuwon masara using yellow maize served with Kuka soup (KN TMY SWKS), KN rice and beans served with groundnut oil and pepper (KN Rice and Beans SWGOP), KN Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (KN Danwake SWGOP), KT Tuwon masara using white maize served with Kuka soup (KT TMW SWKS), KT Tuwon masara using yellow maize served with Kuka soup (KT TMY SWKS), KT Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (KT Danwake SWGOP) and KT Dambu. The preparations were dried and grounded into powdered form and analyzed using standard methods. Results: The amino acid profile of the diets consumed in the three states show higher content of total non-essential amino acids (NEAA) compared with essential amino acids (EAA). The amino acid score of the prepared diets though higher than the standard amino acid score by WHO/FAO/UNU (2007), may support the normal growth of all age groups except lysine. The limiting amino acid score was found to be either lysine or SAA (cysteine + methionine) in all the 3 states’ diets. Histidine was found to have the highest score in all the diets except in JG Moimoi and KN Danwake served with groundnut oil and pepper (SWGOP) respectively. The low levels of lysine and SAA in some of the diets may be due to low contents of these amino acids in the ingredients used. Conclusion: This study showed that, the amino acid score of the prepared diets though higher than the standard amino acid score established by WHO/FAO/UNU may support the normal growth of infants, children as well as adults except lysine. Keywords: traditional diets, amino acids, amino acid profile, amino acid score.

scholarly journals BIOACTIVATED BUCKWHEAT IN TERMS OF ITS NUTRITIONAL VALUEBIOACTIVATED BUCKWHEAT IN TERMS OF ITS NUTRITIONAL VALUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zenkova
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
Amino Acid Score ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sweetish Taste

Buckwheat is a gluten-free pseudocereal crop consumed as functional food in some regions. Traditionally, buckwheat grain is used to make buckwheat groats and flour. Bioactivation improves the nutritional value of buckwheat grain by activating hydrolytic enzymes that make nutrients available for the plant’s growth and for the human body. The article contains research on the content of nutrients in bioactivated buckwheat grain of the Kupava variety grown in Belarus. The study examined hulled buckwheat kernels (not steamed) of the botanical variety Kupava, cream-coloured with a greenish hue, with the humidity 12.0%, and with the proportion of sound kernels 99.4%. At the first stage of germination, bioactivated buckwheat grain was obtained in 48 hours. It had the following characteristics: humidity (39.2±1.0)%, sprout size (2.0±0.5) mm. According to the organoleptic parameters, the grain had a pleasant sweetish taste and a subtle nutty aftertaste. The components of bioactivated buckwheat grain that provide a person with the largest amounts of macronutrients are starch (31.84±0.6)%, sugars (5.1±0.3)%, and protein (5.67±0.02)%. Bioactivated buckwheat grain contains all essential amino acids (30.5% of the total quantity of amino acids). The limiting amino acid is threonine (amino acid score 31.7%). Of nonessential amino acids, there is a high content of glutamic acid (1.0972 g per 100 g). The difference ratio of the amino acid score is 54.75%, the potential biological value of the protein is 45.25%. 100 g of sprouted buckwheat grain contains 48.5% of the daily requirement of manganese, 24.0% of copper, 18.9% and 34.0% of iron (for women and for men respectively), about 23.0% of the daily requirement of vitamin B1, and 12.7% of the daily requirement of vitamin E. Besides, bioactivated buckwheat grain contains fibre (6.5% of the daily requirement on average). Bioactivated buckwheat grain can be consumed as a meal in its own right, as a side dish, as an additive to salads and fermented dairy products, or as a dessert when mixed with fruit purée, honey, or dried fruit.

Amino acid composition of wheat proteins from different growing areas after long-term storage

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
K.B. Gurieva ◽  
N.A. Khaba ◽  
E.A. Tarasova ◽  
S.L. Beletskiy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Total Amino Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Score ◽  
Complete Protein

The results of the research on the assessment of the biological value of wheat after storage by the composition and ratio of amino acids are presented. It is shown that after 6.5 years of storage in elevator silos, the protein content in wheat met the requirements of the standard for class 3 wheat. The sum of all amino acids was from 11.5 to 13.1 g / 100 g, including essential amino acids — 4.0-4.5g/100g and non-essential — 7.8-8.7 g / 100 g. The proportion of essential amino acids was 33.7-35.3% of the total amino acid content. The calculation of the amino acid score demonstrated that the main amino acid limiting the nutritional value of wheat after storage is lysine with an amino acid score of 45-53%. The essential amino acids threonine, valine, isoleucine, and leucine are also classified as deficient, but with a higher value of the amino acid score, close to the complete protein.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE FUNCTIONAL AND NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES OF DEFATTED OKRA POWDER AND OKRA PROTEIN ISOLATE AND CONCENTRATE

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kareem & Shakir
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Fat Absorption ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Amino Acid Score

The present study aimed to study the functional and nutritional properties of Defatted Okra Powder DOP and Okra Protein Concentrate OPC and Okra Protein Isolate OPI product from okra seeds (Abelmoschus esculentus), Essential amino acids 39.64, 40.93, 42.04% to DOP, OPC and OPI  respectively, the theoretical biological value (BV) 66.12, 68.3, 69.94 for DOP, OPC and OPI respectively, the degree amino acid score (AAS) 104.01, 106.73, 109.23  respectively  for the same groups and the same order, mineral ratio for  phosphorus 1750, 2430, 110 mg/kg-1 of the three groups respectively, water absorption 1.82, 2.81, 3.36, fat absorption 2.03, 2.62, 3.03, foam capacity 58.1 0.64, 76.6%, and emulsion activity 50.23, 59, 60.38 m2/g-1.

scholarly journals Characterization of amino acid content of grain of new wheat varieties and lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hospodarenko ◽  
V. Karpenko ◽  
V. Liubych ◽  
V. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Amino Acid Score

Aim. To determine the formation of bound amino acids in grain of new wheat varieties and its biological value. Methods. Field, physical-chemical, computational, analysis. Results. The differences in amino acid composi- tion of new varieties and lines of wheat were analyzed. It was established that the highest content of essential amino acids was in the grain of the Kulundynka variety (5.18 %) or 2.5 times higher compared to the standard (2.99 %). Their content in the grain of soft wheat, obtained by the hybridization of Triticum aestivum L./Triti- cum spelta L., was 1.4–1.5 times higher compared to the control. The grain of the soft variety Kulundynka had the highest biological value as the score of essential amino acids was not defi cient and the remaining varieties were defi cient in 2–5 amino acids. Only methionine was defi cient in the grain of soft wheat lines (AAS = 64– 74 %). Conclusions. The content of amino acids in soft wheat grain depends considerably on weather condi- tions, selective-genetic origin of the variety and the line. Glutamic acid, proline, and leucine were found to be most abundant. Out of nine samples of soft wheat tested, only the seed of the Kulundynka variety had a non- defi cient amino acid score (91–298 %), and in the Pannonikus variety methionine was limited (49 %). The best balanced content of amino acids is present in the grain of non-spelt lines, obtained by hybridization of Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum spelta L., namely Р 7 and LPP 1314. The grain of these lines has a non-defi cient amino acid score, more methionine (AAS = 64–74 %), and supplies human daily requirement in the best way. The grain has a high index of complex estimation and metabolization coeffi cient for essential amino acids.

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