Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-based renewable packaging materials using photonic energy: A bench and pilot-scale study

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 557-565
Author(s):  
Michael Joyce ◽  
Lokendra Pal ◽  
Tom Tran
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Latex Coatings ◽  
Heat Treatment Technology ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Rapid Pulse ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Photonic Energy

This work describes the utilization of a new photonic heat treatment technology in combination with polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) materials for the development of biofriendly packaging and coated substrate materials. This technology advances the use of aqueous PHA coatings as a replacement for less environmentally friendly extruded plastic and fluorotreated packaging papers and boards. The new technology utilizes short burst photonic energy to heat PHA latex coatings. Utilizing a rapid pulse of photonic energy enables PHA particles to melt and form a film within milliseconds, as compared to conventional equilibrium drying that takes several minutes. Coatings were applied to commercially produced papers in order to validate the combined use of photonic treatment technology with PHA materials for commercial applications. Photonic treatment for both bench-top and roll-toroll pilot-scale studies resulted in kit values of 12, and 2 min Cobb values of <2 g/m2. Repulpability studies showed the material to be completely repulpable, having 100% accepts after screening. The results demonstrate that the photonic treatment of PHA polymers could be used in current commercial settings to produce environmentally friendly packaging and coated products.

Biological Treatment Technology for Landfill Leachate

2015 ◽  
pp. 219-249
Author(s):  
Husnul Azan Bin Tajarudin ◽  
Mohd Firdaus Bin Othman ◽  
Noor Aziah Binti Serri ◽  
Muhammad Redzwan Bin Tamat
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Environmental Preservation

Biological process for environmental preservation and treatment is not a new technology. It was used a decade ago until now. The most important tools in biological processes are the microorganism and upstream instruments (bioreactor, pond and others) to run the process. Furthermore, the efficiency of the process depends on many factors such as temperature, pH, type of microorganism, conditions, and other nutrients. To understand the factors that will affect the process, mechanisms of microorganisms to treat or protect the environment must be considered. For leachate treatment, biological process is one of the most widely used techniques for low cost and environmentally friendly.

Biological Treatment Technology for Landfill Leachate

2020 ◽  
pp. 775-806
Author(s):  
Husnul Azan Bin Tajarudin ◽  
Mohd Firdaus Bin Othman ◽  
Noor Aziah Binti Serri ◽  
Muhammad Redzwan Bin Tamat
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Environmental Preservation

Biological process for environmental preservation and treatment is not a new technology. It was used a decade ago until now. The most important tools in biological processes are the microorganism and upstream instruments (bioreactor, pond and others) to run the process. Furthermore, the efficiency of the process depends on many factors such as temperature, pH, type of microorganism, conditions, and other nutrients. To understand the factors that will affect the process, mechanisms of microorganisms to treat or protect the environment must be considered. For leachate treatment, biological process is one of the most widely used techniques for low cost and environmentally friendly.

Pilot-Scale Demonstration of DARAMEND Enhanced Bioremediation of Sediment Contaminated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Hamilton Harbour

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bucens ◽  
Alan Seech ◽  
Igor Marvan
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Technology Program ◽  
Hamilton Harbour ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Enhanced Bioremediation

Abstract In 1992, GRACE Dearborn, Inc. was contracted by Environment Canada to conduct a field-scale demonstration of the DARAMEND bioremediation technology under the auspices of the Great Lakes Cleanup Fund's Contaminated Sediment Treatment Technology Program. The demonstration on approximately 150 tonnes of sediment dredged from Hamilton Harbour was completed by January 1994. Two distinct batches of sediment were treated. One batch of 90 tonnes of sediment, dredged directly from the harbour without any pretreatment, is the focus of this paper. Sediment was received in October 1992 and was treated through to December 1993. Treatment was conducted in an high-density polyethylene-lined treatment cell that was covered by a steel framed greenhouse. The treatment involved amending, tilling and closely controlling the sediment water content. In approximately 300 days of treatment, the level of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination was reduced from approximately 1,000 µg/g to 100 µg/g, corresponding to a destruction and removal efficiency of approximately 90%. Notably, the high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (containing 4 to 6 benzene rings) were effectively degraded to concentrations below the Ministry of the Environment and Energy’s Soil Placement Guideline for controlled fill (MOEE 1992). The trend in the data suggest that following addition of DARAMEND amendment and several months of active management, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons would continue to biodegrade as a result of the DARAMEND amendment even without active management of the sediment.

Climate impact of an optimised gas treatment on old landfills

2022 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110701
Author(s):  
Roland Berger ◽  
Joachim Lehner
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Established Fact ◽  
New Treatment

It is a well-established fact that the quality and quantity of landfill gas (LFG) start declining after a landfill is closed to further waste intake. Conventional gas treatment and utilisation systems such as flares and gas-driven engines require a certain quality of LFG: specifically, a sufficient methane concentration. Various measures are utilised to maintain the necessary quality of LFG, including a turn-down of gas extraction rates and a shutdown of low-quality gas wells, resulting in a decline of LFG production. This, however, does not have to be the case. The low calorific value (LCV) LFG capture and treatment technology developed by e-flox and referred to in this article as ‘LCV LFG System’ can significantly increase the collection rate and the amount of treated methane in an old landfill. This article introduces such new treatment measures, describes gas capture calculation methodologies and presents actual results based on a medium-sized landfill in Germany. The study demonstrates, among other things, that the LCV LFG system can reduce the CO2 avoidance costs to roughly 10 €/tCO2eq. We present this new technology as a quick and straightforward measure of dealing with the climate issues related to methane emissions of old landfills.

Improving in cold resistance of castings made of 20GL type steels

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
A.F. Degtyarev ◽  
V.N. Skorobogatykh ◽  
V.V. Nazaratin ◽  
F.A. Nuraliev ◽  
A.S. Kaftannikov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Heat Treatment Technology ◽  
High Impact Strength ◽  
Rational Control ◽  
Chemical And Phase Compositions

The analysis of the literature data on the steels used for the manufacture of castings operating at negative temperatures and the technology of their manufacture is carried out. The effect of chemical and phase compositions on the strength and impact strength characteristics is revealed. The rational technology for manufacturing of these castings is considered. Methods for obtaining of high impact strength of castings made of 20GL type steels at –40...–60 °C temperatures are given. Modification, microalloying and rational modes of heat treatment are used as methods of rational control of the steels structure. The heat treatment technology of castings, which provides the necessary package of properties and reliable operation, is proposed.

HIGH-pH Coagulation-Adsorption: A New Technology for Water Treatment and Reuse

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Dziubek ◽  
A. L. Kowal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Turbidity Level ◽  
Partial Inactivation

A novel high-pH water treatment technology with processed dolomite as coagulant is proposed. The technology has been developed on the basis of laboratory-scale experiments with model solutions and a variety of natural water samples. Treatment effects are assessed in terms of colour, turbidity, TOC and COD removal. The technology is successful when applied to the treatment of surface water, irrespective of the influent concentration of pollutants. The effluent is clear and colourless, displaying a high removal of organic matter and heavy metals, as well as a partial inactivation of viruses and bacteria. Following a single-stage recarbonation process, water treated via this technology exerts no corrosive action. The optimum dolomite coagulant dose depends exclusively on the influent alkalinity, provided that turbidity level and colour concentration are moderately high. The optimum pH for the treatment process approaches 10.5. The technology proposed is an advantageous combination of three unit processes: decarbonation, coagulation and adsorption.

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