scholarly journals EFEKTIFITAS TANAMAN HYDRILLA VERTICILLATA, RUMPUT GAJAH, ECENG GONDOK DALAM PEMBUATAN BIOGAS DENGAN BAHAN DASAR KOTORAN SAPI

EnviroUS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mirwan ◽  
Nadia Agustina Irianto
Keyword(s):  
Hydrilla Verticillata

Biogas merupakan gas mudah terbakar yang dihasilkan dari proses fermentasi bahan-bahan organik oleh bakteri anaerob. Senyawa tersebut didalam digester akan dikonversi menjadi senyawa metan yang dapat dibakar sebagai sumber energi. Bahan tersebut adalah kotoran sapi, tanaman hydrilla verticillata, tanaman eceng gondok, dan tanaman rumput gajah. Pada penelitian kali ini mencoba untuk memanfaatkan bahan-bahan kombinasi antara Kotoran sapi dengan variasi ketiga tanaman dengan perbandingan 2 : 1 dan kombinasi variasi tanaman dengan perbandingan 1 : 1. Untuk membandingkan 3 tanaman tersebut manakah yang optimal menghasilkan biogas. Parameter yang dianalisa terdiri dari kadar air, C/N rasio, suhu, tekanan, lama nyala api dan kadar gas metan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biogas terbaik diperoleh pada waktu fermentasi selama 30 hari pada variasi campuran bahan kotoran sapi dengan hydrilla verticillata pada perbandingan 2 : 1 dengan kadar air sebesar 41,3%, rasio C/N sebesar 21,5%, 50,4% kadar gas metan. Dan ditandai dengan kenaikan suhu mencapai 35oC juga dengan nyala api paling lama yaitu selama 72 detik dengan menggunakan kompor portable

Absorption and Translocation of Florpyrauxifen-benzyl in Ten Aquatic Plant Species

Weed Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Erika J. Haug ◽  
Khalied A. Ahmed ◽  
Travis W. Gannon ◽  
Rob J. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Myriophyllum Spicatum ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
State University ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
Eurasian Watermilfoil ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Aquatic Herbicide

Abstract Additional active ingredients are needed for use in aquatic systems in order to respond to new threats or treatment scenarios, enhance selectivity, reduce use rates, and to mitigate the risk of herbicide-resistance. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is a new synthetic auxin developed for use as an aquatic herbicide. A study was conducted at North Carolina State University, in which 10 µg L−1 of 25% radiolabeled florpyrauxifen-benzyl was applied to the isolated shoot tissue of ten different aquatic plant species in order to elucidate absorption and translocation patterns in these species. Extremely high levels of shoot absorption were observed for all species and uptake was rapid. Highest shoot absorptions were observed for crested floatingheart [Nymphoides cristata (Roxb.) Kuntze] (A192 =20 µg g−1), dioecious hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle] (A192 =25.3 µg g−1), variable watermilfoil (Myriophyllum heterophylum Michx.) (A192 =40.1 µg g−1) and Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) (A192 =25.3 µg g−1). Evidence of translocation was observed in all rooted species tested with the greatest translocation observed in N. cristata (1.28 µg g-1 at 192 HAT). The results of this study add to the growing body of knowledge surrounding the behavior of this newly registered herbicide within aquatic plants.

Hunting the eagle killer: A cyanobacterial neurotoxin causes vacuolar myelinopathy

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 371 (6536) ◽  
pp. eaax9050
Author(s):  
Steffen Breinlinger ◽  
Tabitha J. Phillips ◽  
Brigette N. Haram ◽  
Jan Mareš ◽  
José A. Martínez Yerena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Cluster ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene ◽  
Bald Eagles ◽  
Cyanobacterial Species

Vacuolar myelinopathy is a fatal neurological disease that was initially discovered during a mysterious mass mortality of bald eagles in Arkansas in the United States. The cause of this wildlife disease has eluded scientists for decades while its occurrence has continued to spread throughout freshwater reservoirs in the southeastern United States. Recent studies have demonstrated that vacuolar myelinopathy is induced by consumption of the epiphytic cyanobacterial species Aetokthonos hydrillicola growing on aquatic vegetation, primarily the invasive Hydrilla verticillata. Here, we describe the identification, biosynthetic gene cluster, and biological activity of aetokthonotoxin, a pentabrominated biindole alkaloid that is produced by the cyanobacterium A. hydrillicola. We identify this cyanobacterial neurotoxin as the causal agent of vacuolar myelinopathy and discuss environmental factors—especially bromide availability—that promote toxin production.

scholarly journals Extensive interlineage hybridization in the predominantly clonal Hydrilla verticillata

2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (12) ◽  
pp. 1622-1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori K. Benoit ◽  
Donald H. Les ◽  
Ursula M. King ◽  
Hye Ryun Na ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrilla Verticillata

Mutations in Phytoene Desaturase Gene in Fluridone-Resistant Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) Biotypes in Florida

Weed Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 412-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul Puri ◽  
Gregory E. MacDonald ◽  
Fredy Altpeter ◽  
William T. Haller
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
The United States ◽  
Phytoene Desaturase ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Single Point Mutation ◽  
Aquatic Weed ◽  
Systemic Control

Hydrilla is one of the most serious aquatic weed problems in the United States, and fluridone is the only U.S. Environment Protection Agency (USEPA)–approved herbicide that provides relatively long-term systemic control. Recently, hydrilla biotypes with varying levels of fluridone resistance have been documented in Florida. One susceptible and five fluridone-resistant biotypes of hydrilla varying in resistance levels were maintained in 950-L tanks under ambient sunlight and day-length conditions from September 2004 to September 2005 in absence of fluridone. Because fluridone is an inhibitor of the enzyme phytoene desaturase (PDS), the gene for PDS (pds) was cloned from fluridone-susceptible and -resistant hydrilla biotypes. Somatic mutations in amino acid 304 of hydrilla PDS are known to confer herbicide resistance. We determinedpdssequence from these hydrilla biotypes at planting and 12-mo after planting. Two independent mutations at the arginine 304 codon ofpdswere found in the resistant hydrilla plants. The codon usage for arginine 304 is CGT, and a single point mutation yielding either serine (AGT) or histidine (CAT) was identified in different resistant hydrilla biotypes. There were no differences at codon 304 in the PDS protein of any hydrilla biotype 12-mo after planting. Several other mutations were also found in resistantpdsalleles, though their possible role in herbicide resistance is unclear.

A preliminary study on the adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) using seaweed, Hydrilla verticillata

2009 ◽  
Vol 171 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 358-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Baral ◽  
Namrata Das ◽  
G. Roy Chaudhury ◽  
S.N. Das
Keyword(s):  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Adsorptive Removal ◽  
Preliminary Study
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