THE STUDY OF LYCOPENE CONTENT IN THE DIET BY VARIOUS ASSESSMENT METHODS
Introduction. Lycopene is a non-vitamin carotenoid possessing antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, immunomodulatory, cardioprotective, antiatherogenic, radio-and photoprotective properties. Lycopene not being synthesized in humans, it intakes from food sources, mainly tomatoes and tomato-containing products. The aim of this study is to assess the level of intake of lycopene and its main food sources in the diet of young people and compare the effectiveness of the 24-hours diet recall and food-frequency questionnaire method. Material and methods. The specialized questionnaires contained the main and additional food sources of lycopene. The survey included 106 students. There were formed 6 consumption groups according to the levels of lycopene intake. Results. According to the 24-hour diet recall and food-frequency questionnaires the largest share in the sample belongs to groups with high levels of lycopene intake. Tomatoes and ketchup are priority sources in these groups. The food-frequency questionnaire method allowed estimating the food sources present more often than others in the diet of the respondents. These included raw tomatoes, ketchup, and tomato-containing fast food products (with different frequencies for individual types of products). There were no additional sources of lycopene in the diet of the majority of respondents. Conclusions. The results obtained using these methods do not contradict each other. The complex using of the methods allows obtaining data on the levels of lycopene intake and its food sources present in the diet. The levels of lycopene intake and its priority sources were quantified using the 24-hour recall. The data of the food-frequency questionnaire method determine all sources of lycopene present in the diet.