scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF LOW VIGOUR ROOTSTOCKS ON GROWTH AND FRUITING PROCESS OF ‘REGINA’ CULTIVAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (37) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Mirela Calinescu ◽  
◽  
Ivona Mazilu ◽  
Emil Chitu ◽  
Madalina Butac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Gisela 5

The aim of this paper was to study the influence of low vigor rootstocks on the 'Regina' cherry cultivar. The study was conducted at Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti, Arges county, Romania between 2019 and 2021. A bifactorial experiment was set up, with A factor-the rootstock ('Gisela 3', 'Gisela 5', 'Gisela 12' and 'Weigi 2') and B factor-the study year (2019, 2020 and 2021). Fruiting and vegetative growth data (fruit production, the trunck cross-section area-TCSA, the annual increase of TCSA, the productivity index and the ratio between the fruit production and the annual increase of TCSA), as well as fruit quality data (fruit mass, firmness, pH, total soluble content, chromatic coordinates of epicarp color and chlorophyll fluorescence) were collected. 'Gisela 5' rootstock recorded the highest value of TCSA annual increase (11.46 kg/cm2) and had also the highest cromatic coordinates values: colour brightness (25.68), red pigment (15.61) and yellow content (4.12).The highest vigor of the cultivar 'Regina' was observed in 'Weigi 2' rootstock variant (with an TCSA value of 44.71 cm2), given that 'Weigi 2' TCSA annual increase was similar to 'Gisela 5'. 'Gisela 3' rootstock stood out for its fruit highest pH (3.97), fruit yield (13.51 t/ha), lowest vigor (TCSA=24.19 cm2), smallest annual TCSA increase (6.11 cm2), highest productivity index 0.219 kg/cm2) and highest fruit production to annual TCSA increase ratio (1.79 kg/cm2). Taking into account climatic accidents that marked the spring of 2021, on the average of the study years, the cultivar 'Regina' grafted on the rootstock 'Gisela 12' was distinguished by fruit weight (10.02 g), firmness (66.53 units HPE Bareiss) and TSS (16.03°Brix) on the background of the lowest fruit yield. A negative very signifficant correlation between fruit yield and fruit quality traits (weight, firmness and total soluble solids) was found.

LEAF ION CONTENT, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF FIELD-GROWN MELON UNDER SALINE CONDITIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 707-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAHMOUD AKRAMI ◽  
AHMAD ARZANI ◽  
ZAHRA MAJNOUN
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Salt Tolerant Cultivars

SUMMARYOur knowledge of melon (Cucumis melo L.) response to salinity stress is limited under field conditions and then the genotype × environment interaction and heritability of agro-morphological traits are poor understood. A field trial (2014/2015) was carried out to evaluate the performance of 17 melon cultivars, including 16 native and one exotic (Galia), under salinity stress. Leaf ion concentrations, agronomic, morphological and fruit quality traits were evaluated and their heritabilities were estimated. The results showed significant effects of salinity stress and genotype on the studied traits except for days to anthesis and peel thickness. Salinity stress also caused significant reductions in fruit weight and leaf K+ concentration, while increasing leaf Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations and total soluble solids. The most salt-tolerant cultivars (‘Sabouni’ and ‘Shahabadi-1’) had higher fruit yield, low leaf Na+ and high leaf K+ concentrations and enhanced K+/Na+ ratio under stress conditions. In general, the heritability estimates were higher under control than under salinity conditions, and the highest heritability was observed for total soluble solids. In addition, fruit weight, number of fruit per plant and leaf Na+ concentration were the strongest predictors of fruit yield, explaining 92% of yield variation under salt stress. These observations suggest that indirect selection based on these traits would be effective in improving fruit production under saline conditions.

scholarly journals Fruit production and quality of mini-watermelon with different number of stems, in troughs cultivation system and substrate reuse

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-486
Author(s):  
Josiéle Garcia Dutra ◽  
◽  
Roberta Marins Nogueira Peil ◽  
Tatiana da Silva Duarte ◽  
Cesar Valmor Rombaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
The One

Substrate-filled pots are growing systems commonly used for vegetable farming. However, few are the studies available relating them to mini-watermelon cultivation. Our study presents a growing system using substrate-filled troughs and leachate recirculation as a low-cost and less environmentally harmful soilless cultivation system for mini-watermelons. For a growing system to be viable and provide high fruit yield and quality, several aspects must be studied, including substrate physical properties and reuse potential in successive crops, besides plant management-related aspects. Therefore, our goal was to evaluate the effects of a trough system and substrate reuse on changes in the properties of raw rice husk and on fruit yield and quality for mini-watermelons at different stem training. To this purpose, two trials were conducted using nutrient solution recirculation systems. In the first, we evaluated the effects of pot and trough systems. In the second, first- and second-use substrates were compared in the trough system. In both trials, one and two-stem training systems were analyzed. The results of the first trial show that the trough system had a greater positive impact on substrate water holding capacity (WHC), which increased from 7.9 to 15.6%, while the pots increased substrate WHC only to 11.2%. However, both systems neither affected fruit yield (8 kg/m² on average) nor fruit quality. The two-stem training promoted higher fruit yields (4.2 kg/plant) and contents of total soluble solids - TSS (11.4 °Brix) but did not affect average fruit weight. Moreover, the one-stem training provided higher fruit number (7.3 fruits/m²) and fruit yield (9.7 kg/m²). In the second trial, the reused substrate showed a higher WHC (12.4%) than the one used for the first time (9.9%). The reused substrate also provided better results in terms of fruit yield and quality (5.9 fruits/m², 5.3 kg/m², and 10.5o Brix). In the second trial, two-stem training also increased average fruit weight, and hence yields per plant. Nevertheless, the stem number did not affect fruit number per plant, fruit yield per square meter, and fruit quality.

scholarly journals Particle Film Application Influences Apple Leaf Physiology, Fruit Yield, and Fruit Quality

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Michael Glenn ◽  
Gary J. Puterka ◽  
Stephen R. Drake ◽  
Thomas R. Unruh ◽  
Allen L. Knight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Leaf Physiology ◽  
Malus Sylvestris ◽  
Tree Fruit

Particle film technology is a developing pest control system for tree fruit production systems. Trials were performed in Santiago, Chile, and York Springs, Pa., Wenatchee and Yakima, Wash., and Kearneysville, W. Va., to evaluate the effect of particle treatments on apple [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh) Manst.] leaf physiology, fruit yield, and fruit quality. Leaf carbon assimilation was increased and canopy temperatures were reduced by particle treatments in seven of the eight trials. Yield and/or fruit weight was increased by the particle treatments in seven of the eight trials. In Santiago and Kearneysville, a* values of the fruit surface were more positive in all trials although a* values were not increased in Wenatchee and Yakima. Results indicate that particle film technology is an effective tool in reducing heat stress in apple trees that may result in increased yield potential and quality.

scholarly journals Yield, Tree Size, and Fruit Quality of Mature ‘Owari’ and ‘Brown Select’ Satsuma on Poncirus trifoliata ‘Rubidoux’ and ‘Flying Dragon’ Rootstocks in North Florida

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1650-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Andersen ◽  
Brent V. Brodbeck
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Volume Yield ◽  
Canopy Area

There is increasing interest in the culture of satsuma citrus in the states bordering the northern Gulf of Mexico. Yield, tree size, and fruit quality of mature ‘Owari’ and ‘Brown Select’ satsuma (Citrus unshiu Marcovitch) on Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. (‘Rubidoux’ and ‘Flying Dragon’) were evaluated in north Florida. Canopy area and volume, yield, and fruit quality data were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial design with scion and rootstock as the main effects. There were no scion × rootstock interactions. Overall average yield per tree was 16, 88, 91, 143, and 101 kg in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively. Yield was influenced by scion (higher for ‘Brown Select’) in three of five years, and by rootstock every year (higher for ‘Rubidoux’). Yield per tree was ≈2-fold greater for trees on ‘Rubidoux’ compared with ‘Flying Dragon’; the highest yield was recorded for ‘Brown Select’ on ‘Rubidoux’. Yield per m2 canopy area was often similar since canopy area was often ≈2-fold greater for trees on ‘Rubidoux’. For three of the five years, fruit weight was greater for ‘Brown Select’ (average = 157 g) than ‘Owari’ (average = 146 g), with no rootstock effect. Soluble solids of juice averaged 10.0 °Brix and were higher for trees on ‘Flying Dragon’ than on ‘Rubidoux’ in three of five years. Juice pH averaged 3.67 and was unaffected by scion or rootstock. Trees were not subjected to freeze protection and were not damaged by minimum temperatures as low as −9.4 °C, except for 2014/15. A rating of defoliation after a freeze on 19 Nov. 2014 (−5.6 °C) indicated that cold hardiness varied by scion (greater for ‘Brown Select’) and rootstock (greater for ‘Rubidoux’). Differences in cold hardiness did not persist when assessed later in the winter. Successful satsumas production can be achieved in north Florida in the absence of a severe freeze event.

scholarly journals Yield and Fruit Quality of Sixteen Fragaria vesca Accessions Grown in Southern Florida

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1396-1403
Author(s):  
Alan Chambers ◽  
Pamela Moon ◽  
Yuqing Fu ◽  
Juliette Choiseul ◽  
Jinhe Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Fragaria Vesca ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Southern Florida

Fragaria vesca is a diploid strawberry species that produces gourmet, aromatic fruits with only limited commercial production because of its relative obscurity. Most F. vesca research focuses on genetics and fruit aroma, but yield and fruit quality data across diploid accessions are lacking. Sixteen F. vesca accessions were grown in replicated field plots in southern Florida to measure field performance and fruit quality over multiple harvests during a single growing season. Accessions ‘Reine des Vallees’, ‘Baron Solemacher’, ‘Fragolina di Bosco’, and ‘Reugen’ all had significantly higher yield (115–140 g/plot/week) and fruit number (117–139 fruit/plot/week) compared with ‘Bowlenzauber’, ‘Attila’, ‘Ali Baba’, and ‘Pineapple Crush’ (31–57 g/plot/week and 32–60 fruit/plot/week) during peak production. Total average yield ranged from 240 g (‘Pineapple Crush’) to 1194 g (‘Baron Solemacher’) per plot of 10 plants. Fruit number and fruit yield were highly correlated (R2 = 0.96) for all accessions, and there was no significant difference in fruit weight among accessions through the entire season. Total soluble solids ranged from 10.9 to 13.5 °Brix, and fructose, glucose, sucrose, and total sugars ranged from 15.3 to 22.1, 13.5 to 20.0, 0.1 to 2.7, and 29.7 to 42.5 mg/g, respectively, fresh weight. Acidity ranged from 1.00% to 1.18% citric acid and was not consistently significantly different among accessions over multiple harvests. Forty-two aroma compounds were putatively identified over three harvests for each accession and included mostly esters and ketones with a few alcohols, terpenes, and aldehydes. The majority of these compounds were similarly abundant over harvests and among accessions with a few exceptions, including methyl anthranilate. These results are the first in-depth study of yield and fruit quality for a large number of F. vesca accessions that could lead to increased cultivation of this species for local markets.

scholarly journals Quality Improvement of Netted Melon (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus) through Precise Nitrogen and Potassium Management in a Hydroponic System

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 816
Author(s):  
Rita S.W. Yam ◽  
Yen-Tzu Fan ◽  
Jing-Tian Lin ◽  
Chihhao Fan ◽  
Hsiao-Feng Lo
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Nutrient Manipulation ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

The quality-oriented fruit production in well-controlled enclosed hydroponic systems has been greatly enhanced by the technology of precision agriculture. Over-fertilisation has been commonly applied to the traditional hydroponic culture of fruit crops, without considering different nutrient demands during development. Adjusting the nutrient formulations depending on crop developmental stages could enable efficient fertilisation to increase yield quality. In this study, N-reduced and K-modified nutrient solutions were applied for a two-step nutrient manipulation experiment, to improve the fruit quality (Experiment I) and optimise the fertilisation schemes (Experiment II) of hydroponic netted melon (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus). The N-reduced and K-modified treatments, before fruiting stage in Experiment I, obtained higher fruit quality with increased fruit weight, dry matter ratio, flesh thickness, and total soluble solids. In Experiment II, fruits cultured under treatment II-3 (applied with 100-75-100% N and 100-125-75% K during VG-PYF-FEM) had the highest overall preferences, with ‘rich’ aroma, ‘dense’ texture, and ‘perfect’ sweetness, compared to all other experimental treatments. Our study successfully improved the fertilisation schemes for a hydroponic netted melon with precise N- and K-nutrient formulations specific to different developmental stages. Our study promotes the future advancement of precise fertilisation to improve fruit quality and reduce environmental pollution from farming activities.

scholarly journals Effects of Short Day Conditioning, Chilling and GA3 Treatments to Yield and Fruit Quality in Strawberry Plug Transplants Aiming Early Fruit Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Emine ÖZDEMİR ◽  
Nurettin KAŞKA ◽  
Kazim GÜNDÜZ ◽  
Sedat SERÇE
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Growing Seasons

In this study, we tested the effects of short day (SD), chilling (Ch) and gibberalic acid (GA3) treatments on the yield and fruit characteristics of ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Sweet Charlie’ plug plants under a freeze-protected greenhouse in Mediterranean conditions for two growing seasons in 2006-2007 and 2007-2008. The treatments included control (ambient day length and temperature); SD (8 h days) and ambient temperature; SD + Chilling (Ch) (18/12°C day/night temperatures); SD + Ch (10°C); SD + Ch (2°C); and, GA3 (10 ppm applied to the plants in November). In each growing season, the plug plants were planted in mid-August using bag culture. Yield, fruit weight, firmness, total soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS/TA ratio were investigated. Considerable amounts of early yield (March and April) were recovered from ‘Sweet Charlie’; 116 and 72 g/plant in the first and second growing seasons, respectively. ‘Sweet Charlie’ also had consistently higher total yield than ‘Camarosa’ (457 vs. 400 g/plant in the 2006-2007 season and 446 vs. 406 g/plant in the 2007-2008 season). Treatment did not have a consistent effect on the fruit quality traits measured. The results indicated that although SD conditioning, Ch and GA3 treatments may have an effect on the total and early yield of strawberries, these effects may be cultivar-dependent and further regulated by environmental factors. Therefore, we propose that low-chilling varieties be utilized for early fruit production that can initiate flower buds in warmer, longer days.

scholarly journals Effect of mulching systems on fruit quality and phytochemical composition of newly developed strawberry lines

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Fan ◽  
Valentine Roux ◽  
Claudine Dubé ◽  
Dennis Charlebois ◽  
Shutian Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
High Tunnels ◽  
Solids Content

The effects of three mulching systems on total yield, average yield per plant, average fruit weight, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), firmness and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of two newly developed lines (‘Orléans’ and ‘Saint Pierre’), one advanced selection (‘SJ8976-1’) and two commonly used cultivars (‘Jewel’ and ‘Kent’) were evaluated. The studied mulching systems were: plastic mulch (PM), mulch with row cover (PMRC), and matted-row system (MRS). Results showed that plastic mulch with row cover (PMRC) generally increased yield per plant, average fruit weight, SSC, firmness and ORAC, but differences varied within harvest times. No significant differences in total yield and TA were observed under the selected mulching systems. Both PMRC and PM accelerated the harvest periods compared to MRS. ‘Kent’ and ‘Jewel’ had the highest total yield while ‘SJ8976-1’ and ‘St-Pierre’ had the highest average fruit weight. The highest SSC, TA and ORAC were found in ‘Jewel’. There was no interaction between the mulching systems and genotypes, indicating that the effect of production system is independent of cultivars. PMRC seems to be a better growing system, improving fruit quality and increasing the nutritional value of all genotypes. By allowing off-season fruit production in cool climates, PMRC can be an alternative method to the costly high tunnels.

scholarly journals Addition of nitrogen had no effect on yield and quality of apples in an high density orchard carrying a dwarf rootstock

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1113-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Ernani ◽  
Douglas Antônio Rogeri ◽  
Marcelo Machado Proença ◽  
Jaques Dias
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
High Density ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Effect On Yield

The effect of N addition on apple yield and quality may vary according to the tree vigor. Apple trees developed over vigorous rootstocks had shown no response to N application in Brazil. In this study it was evaluated the effect of N addition to the soil on yield and quality of ´Royal Gala´ apples grafted on a dwarf rootstock (M.9). The orchard was planted in 1995 (2,857 trees ha-1) on an Oxisol containing 40 g kg-1 of organic matter and pH 6.0. The experiment was carried out from 1998 up to 2005. Treatments consisted of rates of N (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1 year-1 from 1998 to 2001, and respectively 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 afterwards), all broadcasted within the tree row in two equal splits, at bud break and after harvest, as ammonium sulfate. Addition of N to the soil had no effect on fruit yield over the six years regardless of the applied rate. Averaged across treatments and years, fruit yield was 52.3 t ha-1. Nitrogen in the leaves (average of 24 g kg-1) or in the fruits (average of 346 mg kg-1) as well as some attributes related to fruit quality (color, firmness, acidity, soluble solids, physiological disorders) were unaffected by N addition. Some plant parameters related to tree vigor, however, grew higher with the increase on N rate. Thus, it is not necessary to apply N to deep Brazilian soils containing high organic matter in order to assure good fruit quality and yield on high-density orchards carrying dwarf rootstocks probably because the N required for tree growth and fruit production is supplied from soil organic matter decay.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF CULTIVAR AND FERTILIZATION WITH VERMICOMPOST ON FRUIT QUALITY AND YIELD IN LONICERA SPP.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Ivona Enescu (Mazilu) ◽  
Mirela Călinescu ◽  
Emil Chitu ◽  
Mădălina Butac ◽  
Monica Sturzeanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Lonicera Caerulea ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Cielab System ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Solids Content

This paper aims to study the influence of cultivar and vermicompost (organic fertilizer) treatments on fruit quality traits (fruit weight, flesh firmness, juice pH, chromatic coordinates in CIELab system, chlorophyll fluorescence) and plant productivity on Lonicera caerulea L. The experiment was carried out between 2019 and 2020, at the Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti, Romania. To achieve these, three honeysuckle cultivars ('Cera', 'Loni', and 'Kami') were treated with four fertilizer doses: 0.2, 0.3, 0.75, and 1.0 L per plant. We found that 'Cera' cultivar was characterized by fruits with the highest weight (0.67 g) and firmness (13.71 units Bareiss HPE-II-FFF), 'Kami' cultivar, had the highest total soluble solids content (17.09 °Brix), and 'Loni' was the most productive (33.33 g per plant). Compared to untreated plants, fertilization with vermicompost in a dose of 0.2 L per plant increased fruit weight by 14.81%, pH by 9.79%, and fruit production per plant by 36.65%, indicating that fertilization with vermicompost could be used in ecological honeysuckle culture technology.

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