scholarly journals Fruit production and quality of mini-watermelon with different number of stems, in troughs cultivation system and substrate reuse

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-486
Author(s):  
Josiéle Garcia Dutra ◽  
◽  
Roberta Marins Nogueira Peil ◽  
Tatiana da Silva Duarte ◽  
Cesar Valmor Rombaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
The One

Substrate-filled pots are growing systems commonly used for vegetable farming. However, few are the studies available relating them to mini-watermelon cultivation. Our study presents a growing system using substrate-filled troughs and leachate recirculation as a low-cost and less environmentally harmful soilless cultivation system for mini-watermelons. For a growing system to be viable and provide high fruit yield and quality, several aspects must be studied, including substrate physical properties and reuse potential in successive crops, besides plant management-related aspects. Therefore, our goal was to evaluate the effects of a trough system and substrate reuse on changes in the properties of raw rice husk and on fruit yield and quality for mini-watermelons at different stem training. To this purpose, two trials were conducted using nutrient solution recirculation systems. In the first, we evaluated the effects of pot and trough systems. In the second, first- and second-use substrates were compared in the trough system. In both trials, one and two-stem training systems were analyzed. The results of the first trial show that the trough system had a greater positive impact on substrate water holding capacity (WHC), which increased from 7.9 to 15.6%, while the pots increased substrate WHC only to 11.2%. However, both systems neither affected fruit yield (8 kg/m² on average) nor fruit quality. The two-stem training promoted higher fruit yields (4.2 kg/plant) and contents of total soluble solids - TSS (11.4 °Brix) but did not affect average fruit weight. Moreover, the one-stem training provided higher fruit number (7.3 fruits/m²) and fruit yield (9.7 kg/m²). In the second trial, the reused substrate showed a higher WHC (12.4%) than the one used for the first time (9.9%). The reused substrate also provided better results in terms of fruit yield and quality (5.9 fruits/m², 5.3 kg/m², and 10.5o Brix). In the second trial, two-stem training also increased average fruit weight, and hence yields per plant. Nevertheless, the stem number did not affect fruit number per plant, fruit yield per square meter, and fruit quality.

scholarly journals Morphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12326
Author(s):  
Leangsrun Chea ◽  
Cut Erika ◽  
Marcel Naumann ◽  
Inga Smit ◽  
Bernd Horneburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

Increasing fruit yield and quality of tomatoes under organic low-input conditions remains a challenge for producers and breeders. Therefore, it is necessary to identify superior tomato cultivars that are suitable for production and use as parents in breeding programmes. In the present study, the variations in plant morphology and fruit quality characteristics of tomato cultivars were assessed to reveal the traits associated with improved yield and fruit quality. Sixty diverse tomato cultivars were screened in 2015, and in 2016, a subset of 20 cultivars was selected for further evaluation under organic low-input conditions. The results showed high variability among cultivars in all 28 traits that were observed. Salad cultivars had lower plant growth and fruit quality (minerals, dry matter, total soluble solids, and total phenolics) by 10–70%, but they displayed 10–60% higher fruit yield and leaf minerals than cocktail cultivars. Salad tomato cultivars with superior yield and harvest index were mainly derived from breeding for intensive indoor production. Cocktail cultivars with superior yield were mainly derived from organic and outdoor breeding programs. There was a trade-off between fruit yield and quality, indicating a challenge for simultaneous improvement of yield and quality. The importance of Mg was highlighted because of its contribution to the fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality. Cultivars superior in one trait or trait combination under organic low-input conditions were identified to be used by producers and breeders as superior cultivars to meet their production targets and breeding objectives. The importance of Mg provides a novel path for further research on improving soil-available Mg in organic tomato production to enhance fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality in general.

scholarly journals Weather Affects Seedless Watermelon Yield, But Not Fruit Size or Quality

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 748E-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy E. Elkner* ◽  
David H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Seedless Watermelon

Medium-sized triploid watermelons were evaluated in southeast Pennsylvania in 2002 and 2003 to determine the best adapted cultivars for this region. The 2002 season was unusually hot and dry, while 2003 was unusually cool and wet. Yields and fruit quality were compared for the eight cultivars that were grown both seasons to determine the effect of weather on seedless watermelon. Cooler temperatures reduced total fruit number and total yield but not average fruit weight or soluble solids. Researchers evaluating triploid watermelons over several seasons can compare size and °Brix among cultivars, but will need to be cautious when predicting total yields.

scholarly journals Variability Parameters of Yield and Quality Attributes in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Som Prakash ◽  
R. S. Verma ◽  
R. B. Ram ◽  
Bhag Chand Shivran ◽  
Harvindra Pal
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Number Of Branches

The experiment of the present research work was conducted during summer season of 2018-19 and 2019-20 at Horticulture Research Farm-I, Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya-Vihar, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow (U.P.), India. The analysis of variance clearly reveals significant differences among the genotypes for all characters. The observations recorded on various characters showed that the estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficient variation (GCV) for all characters. The high phenotypic as well as genotypic coefficient of variation were observed in marketable fruit yield per plant (39.36%) followed by average fruit weight (29.73%) and number of branches per plant (27.18%). High estimates of heritability were recorded for different characters viz., average fruit weight (98.6%) followed by total soluble solids (97.8%), total sugars (97.7%) and days to anthesis of first pistillate flowers (97.2%). The parameters which observed were found to be very high estimate value of genetic advance in per cent of mean of (60.14%) average fruit weight (60.14%) followed by titratable acidity (53.73%), number of branches per plant (53.47%), total soluble solids (52.81%) and marketable fruit yield per plant (47.87%).

scholarly journals Partial Defoliation Can Decrease Average Leaf Size but Has Little Effect on Orange Tree Growth, Fruit Yield and Juice Quality

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 2011-2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongcai Yuan ◽  
Fernando Alferez ◽  
Igor Kostenyuk ◽  
Shila Singh ◽  
James P. Syvertsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Juice Quality ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Orange Trees

The effects of 2 consecutive years of annual defoliation during the harvest season on fruit size, yield, juice quality, leaf size and number were examined in trees of the midseason cultivar `Hamlin' and the late-season cultivar `Valencia' orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.]. In `Hamlin', removal of up to 50% of the leaves in late November had no effect on fruit yield, fruit number, fruit size, soluble solids yield, juice °Brix, and °Brix to acid ratio of juice the following year. In `Valencia', removal of 50% of the leaves in late March decreased fruit yield and soluble solids yield but did not affect Brix or the Brix to acid ratio of the juice. Leaf size of new flush was reduced by removal of 50% of the leaves in both cultivars but there was little effect on total canopy size. There were no measured effects of removing 25% of leaves from tree canopies. Thus, canopy growth, fruit yield, fruit quality, and leaf size were not negatively impacted when annual defoliations did not exceed 25% of the total canopy leaf area in `Valencia' and `Hamlin' orange trees for two consecutive years. Overall, fruit weight increased linearly with increasing ratio of leaf area to fruit number, suggesting that fruit enlargement can be limited by leaf area.

scholarly journals Soilless Media and Containers for Greenhouse Production of `Galia' Type Muskmelon

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Rodriguez ◽  
D.J. Cantliffe ◽  
N.L. Shaw ◽  
Z. Karchi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Solids Content

In the spring of 2001 and 2002, different combinations of media (coarse perlite, medium perlite, and pine bark) and containers (polyethylene bags and plastic pots) were used for hydroponic production of `Galia' muskmelons (Cucumis melo L.) to determine their effect on fruit yield and quality, and their influence on costs of production. Marketable yields obtained for `Gal-152' in the spring 2001 and 2002 were 25.5 kg·m–2 and 39.0 kg·m–2 respectively. When data were combined for 2001 and 2002, fruit yield and fruit quality were unaffected by any combination of media and container. Average soluble solids content was generally greater than 10° Brix. It was determined that the use of pine bark media and plastic pots instead of perlite and bags would save $18,200 per year (two crops)—a feasible option for reducing costs of producing `Galia' muskmelons in greenhouses using soilless culture without loss of yield and fruit quality.

Wood-based biochar for small fruit production in southern Quebec, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Shang ◽  
Chih-Yu Hung ◽  
Barry Husk ◽  
Valerie Orsat ◽  
Joann K. Whalen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
First Year ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Small Fruit

The market for small fruits (grapes, blueberries, strawberries, and raspberries) is valued at more than CAD100 million per year in Quebec, Canada. Wood-based biochar is an amendment that improves soil quality, which may boost small fruit growth and production. The objective of this research was to determine if wood-based biochar could increase the yield and quality of grape, blueberry, strawberry, and raspberry in southern Quebec. We evaluated the fruit yield as well as the quality parameters like average fruit weight, fruit firmness, color, juice pH, total soluble solids, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Field trials were established on commercial farms with grape, blueberry, strawberry, and raspberry production systems in plots that received wood-based biochar and no biochar in spring (April to May). Small fruits were harvested at their ripening stage for yield and quality evaluation in fall (July to October). Biochar application did not improve yield and quality parameters of small fruits except it gave a marginal higher yield of grape (3.7 vs. 4.4 t ha-1, P = 0.08) and a higher average fruit weight of strawberry (11.9 vs. 13.2 g, P < 0.05). There was no difference in the quality of the fruit from biochar-amended and control plots in the first year of biochar application, possibly because the quality parameters are affected more by weather conditions, handling, and storage than by soil quality. This work suggests that wood-based biochar (<5 t ha-1) has a limited first-year impact on small fruit yield and quality in southern Quebec, Canada.

scholarly journals Deficit Irrigation to Enhance Fruit Quality of the ‘African Rose’ Plum under the Egyptian Semi-Arid Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1405
Author(s):  
Islam F. Hassan ◽  
Maybelle S. Gaballah ◽  
Hanan M. El-Hoseiny ◽  
Mohamed E. El-Sharnouby ◽  
Shamel M. Alam-Eldein
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Semi Arid

Evolved in South Africa and released to market in 2009, the ‘African Rose’ plum has been introduced and grown under the Egyptian semi-arid conditions since 2010. Within that time, this cultivar has faced significant fruit quality issues, mainly poor color and low total soluble solids (TSS). Several trials using foliarly applied growth regulators have been conducted, but with little conspicuous results on fruit yield and quality. There is very limited information about the relationship between irrigation regime and fruit quality for this cultivar. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of deficit irrigation on the quality of the ‘African Rose’ plum during the 2019 and 2020 seasons. Five-year-old hedge growing trees were subjected to three deficit irrigation regimes: 100% (control), 80%, and 60% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) after the pit hardening stage until the end of the harvest season (May to June period) were evaluated. Results indicated that deficit irrigation positively enhanced the levels of abscisic acid (ABA), total phenols, and anthocyanins with improved fruit TSS and maturity index, although fruit yield, acidity, size, and firmness were decreased. Deficit irrigation could be suggested as a sustainable novel solution to improve the fruit quality of the ‘African Rose’ plum grown under the semi-arid conditions of Egypt. Although the total yield and some quality characteristics were not improved, the early harvested fruit with enhanced color and taste could be a good start for additional research to solve other quality-related issues under such conditions.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF LOW VIGOUR ROOTSTOCKS ON GROWTH AND FRUITING PROCESS OF ‘REGINA’ CULTIVAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (37) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Mirela Calinescu ◽  
◽  
Ivona Mazilu ◽  
Emil Chitu ◽  
Madalina Butac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Gisela 5

The aim of this paper was to study the influence of low vigor rootstocks on the 'Regina' cherry cultivar. The study was conducted at Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti, Arges county, Romania between 2019 and 2021. A bifactorial experiment was set up, with A factor-the rootstock ('Gisela 3', 'Gisela 5', 'Gisela 12' and 'Weigi 2') and B factor-the study year (2019, 2020 and 2021). Fruiting and vegetative growth data (fruit production, the trunck cross-section area-TCSA, the annual increase of TCSA, the productivity index and the ratio between the fruit production and the annual increase of TCSA), as well as fruit quality data (fruit mass, firmness, pH, total soluble content, chromatic coordinates of epicarp color and chlorophyll fluorescence) were collected. 'Gisela 5' rootstock recorded the highest value of TCSA annual increase (11.46 kg/cm2) and had also the highest cromatic coordinates values: colour brightness (25.68), red pigment (15.61) and yellow content (4.12).The highest vigor of the cultivar 'Regina' was observed in 'Weigi 2' rootstock variant (with an TCSA value of 44.71 cm2), given that 'Weigi 2' TCSA annual increase was similar to 'Gisela 5'. 'Gisela 3' rootstock stood out for its fruit highest pH (3.97), fruit yield (13.51 t/ha), lowest vigor (TCSA=24.19 cm2), smallest annual TCSA increase (6.11 cm2), highest productivity index 0.219 kg/cm2) and highest fruit production to annual TCSA increase ratio (1.79 kg/cm2). Taking into account climatic accidents that marked the spring of 2021, on the average of the study years, the cultivar 'Regina' grafted on the rootstock 'Gisela 12' was distinguished by fruit weight (10.02 g), firmness (66.53 units HPE Bareiss) and TSS (16.03°Brix) on the background of the lowest fruit yield. A negative very signifficant correlation between fruit yield and fruit quality traits (weight, firmness and total soluble solids) was found.

scholarly journals Yield and Fruit Quality of Sixteen Fragaria vesca Accessions Grown in Southern Florida

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1396-1403
Author(s):  
Alan Chambers ◽  
Pamela Moon ◽  
Yuqing Fu ◽  
Juliette Choiseul ◽  
Jinhe Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Fragaria Vesca ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Southern Florida

Fragaria vesca is a diploid strawberry species that produces gourmet, aromatic fruits with only limited commercial production because of its relative obscurity. Most F. vesca research focuses on genetics and fruit aroma, but yield and fruit quality data across diploid accessions are lacking. Sixteen F. vesca accessions were grown in replicated field plots in southern Florida to measure field performance and fruit quality over multiple harvests during a single growing season. Accessions ‘Reine des Vallees’, ‘Baron Solemacher’, ‘Fragolina di Bosco’, and ‘Reugen’ all had significantly higher yield (115–140 g/plot/week) and fruit number (117–139 fruit/plot/week) compared with ‘Bowlenzauber’, ‘Attila’, ‘Ali Baba’, and ‘Pineapple Crush’ (31–57 g/plot/week and 32–60 fruit/plot/week) during peak production. Total average yield ranged from 240 g (‘Pineapple Crush’) to 1194 g (‘Baron Solemacher’) per plot of 10 plants. Fruit number and fruit yield were highly correlated (R2 = 0.96) for all accessions, and there was no significant difference in fruit weight among accessions through the entire season. Total soluble solids ranged from 10.9 to 13.5 °Brix, and fructose, glucose, sucrose, and total sugars ranged from 15.3 to 22.1, 13.5 to 20.0, 0.1 to 2.7, and 29.7 to 42.5 mg/g, respectively, fresh weight. Acidity ranged from 1.00% to 1.18% citric acid and was not consistently significantly different among accessions over multiple harvests. Forty-two aroma compounds were putatively identified over three harvests for each accession and included mostly esters and ketones with a few alcohols, terpenes, and aldehydes. The majority of these compounds were similarly abundant over harvests and among accessions with a few exceptions, including methyl anthranilate. These results are the first in-depth study of yield and fruit quality for a large number of F. vesca accessions that could lead to increased cultivation of this species for local markets.

scholarly journals Effect of Potassium Levels on Productivity and Fruit Quality of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofonias Hagos Woldemariam ◽  
Sewa Lal ◽  
Daniel Z. Zelelew ◽  
Mulugheta T. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield And Quality

Potassium has significant effect on quantity and quality of tomato yield because of its vital roles in photosynthesis, favoring high energy status and appropriate nutrient translocation and water uptake in plants. However, little is understood or it is being overlooked under Eritrean condition. Besides, poor soil fertility is among the major production constraints in Eritrea. The field experiment was therefore conducted to investigate the effect of potassium levels on productivity and fruit quality of tomato at Hamelmalo, Eritrea. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design with nine potassium levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 kg K2O/ha) replicated thrice. Data was collected on yield and fruit quality parameters and they were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (1-way ANOVA). The results of this study revealed that potassium had significant effect in all yield and quality parameters studied. Fruit diameter, fruit weight per plant, total yield, total soluble solids, specific gravity and fruit dry matter content showed significant increase with an increase in potassium level from 0 to 150 kg K2O/ha and thereafter decreased while fruit moisture content was increased in the range of 150 - 400 kg K2O/ha. As a result, highest fruit weight (1.39 kg/plant), fruit yield (15.45 t/ha), total soluble solids (3.84 oBrix), specific gravity, (1.46) and fruit dry matter (5.68%) were recorded from 150 kg K2O/ha. Therefore it is recommended that potassium fertilizers should be used and balanced NPK fertilizers should be applied to improve yield and quality of tomato produced.

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