scholarly journals Lignite Basins in Poland after 1945

2017 ◽  
pp. 107-130
Author(s):  
Janusz Kaliński
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Lignite Mining ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro

Lignite mining in Poland started after World War Two, as a result of the change ofwestern borders. Until the 1970 s, the Lower Silesian Turoszów Basin played the primary role, despite competition from the Konin Basin in Greater Poland. In 1978 both basins, together with several smaller mines, provided 41 m tonnes of lignite. Ten years later the number rosę to 73,5 m tonnes, mostly thanks to investments in the centrally located Bełchatów Basin, which has sińce dominated the sector. Overall production never recovered after 1989, with Poland falling from the 5th, to the 8th place among the largest lignite extractors between 1989 and the beginning of the 21st century. Recently about one third of the energy in Poland has been based on lignite, similarly to Bułgaria, Romania and Turkey (while in the Czech Republic, Serbia, and Montenegro it has amounted to 69%).

scholarly journals Still too little, too late? Ten years of growth hormone therapy baseline data from the NordiNet® International Outcome Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Polak ◽  
Daniel Konrad ◽  
Birgitte Tønnes Pedersen ◽  
Gediminas Puras ◽  
Marta Šnajderová
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Outcome Study ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Late Start ◽  
The Uk

AbstractBackground:We investigated time trends in age, gender, growth hormone (GH) dose and height standard deviation score (SDS) in children with GH deficiency (GHD), born small for gestational age (SGA) or with Turner syndrome (TS) starting GH treatment.Methods:Data were obtained from children enrolled in the NordiNet®International Outcome Study (IOS) between 2006 and 2015 in the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Serbia and Montenegro (all indications), and Switzerland and the UK (GHD only). Trends were analyzed by linear regression. Patients were divided by age into early-, medium- or late-start groups in three different time periods.Results:Approximately one-third of children starting treatment for GHD were girls, with no apparent increase in proportion over time. The mean baseline age for starting treatment decreased significantly (p<0.001) for both GHD and SGA in the Czech Republic and Germany. In the other countries studied, over 40% of children started treatment for GHD and SGA late (girls >10, boys >11 years) between 2013 and 2015. The mean baseline GH doses were largely within recommended ranges for GHD and SGA, but below the lowest recommended starting dose for TS in almost every year since 2011 except in France.Conclusions:Approximately one-third of children starting treatment for GHD were girls. Between 2013 and 2015, more than 40% of children started treatment for GHD and SGA late except in Germany and the Czech Republic. TS patients received below-recommended doses. These results highlight the need for earlier identification of short stature in children, particularly girls, and for dose optimization in TS.

Lifting lignite mining limits – correction of the Czech Republic energy policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Sivek ◽  
Tomáš Vlček ◽  
Pavel Kavina ◽  
Jakub Jirásek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Lignite Mining

scholarly journals 21st Century Skills in University and Primary Education Curricula in the Czech Republic

e-Pedagogium ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Alena Jůvová ◽  
Štefan Chudý ◽  
Pavel Neumeister ◽  
Jitka Plischke
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
21St Century ◽  
21St Century Skills ◽  
The Czech Republic

scholarly journals Planning of Safety of Cities and Territory from the Point of View of Population Protection in the Czech Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9487
Author(s):  
Jiri Pokorny ◽  
Barbora Machalova ◽  
Simona Slivkova ◽  
Lenka Brumarova ◽  
Vladimir Vlcek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
National Standards ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Spatial Plan

Ensuring territorial safety is one of the state’s main tasks, and the public administration plays a primary role in fulfilling it. The safety and sustainability of a territory is ensured by, inter alia, safety planning, including spatial planning. Spatial planning contains safety requirements for population protection. The requirements for ensuring the safety of the population included in the spatial plan vary significantly between countries. The existing population protection requirements contained in the spatial plan have been unsatisfactory for a long time. The main issue is that they are out of date and difficult to apply. The article presents a new proposed method for determining requirements for the protection of the population, which is based on evaluating the risks in the cities and territory. The specific population protection requirements are determined based on the resulting risks and their scaling. The requirements are classified as general when the territory is not faced with external risks or specific when there are such risks. The method is applied to the conditions of the Czech Republic. In terms of national standard specifics, there are requirements in areas of public infrastructure, public utility buildings, and public benefit measures. The method for determining population protection requirements can be considered applicable in a general form by various countries if the national standards specifics or other aspects are taken into account.

Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield as a Part of Knowledge Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Skalický ◽  
Tibor Palasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Current State

Abstract The aim of this article is to introduce an approach to intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB) as a part of knowledge development in conditions of the Army of the Czech Republic (ACR). Numerous of NATO publications and Stanags has been analyzed as well as Czech national documents. Based on results of the analyses and personal experience of authors, the current state of IPB applied in ACR has been outlined and main imperfections of this process have been emphasized such as a disregard of dynamic changes of terrain in time and so on. It the closing section of the article a few possible ways of IPB development have been suggested. Those suggestions show possible form of this process for needs in 21st century.

scholarly journals Population Trends on the Territory of the Czech Republic

Geografie ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Pavlík
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Political ◽  
World War ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
The World ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Czech Lands ◽  
The 19Th Century

The process of demographic revolution had specific features on the territory of the Czech Republic. It started in the first half of the 19th century and ended between Two World Wars. The course of this process corresponded with the geographical position of Czech Lands in Europe. The demographic situation after the World War II was affected unfavourably by the political appurtenance of former Czechoslovakia to the Soviet block, especially in the field of mortality.

scholarly journals Gold deposits of the Czech Republic from a mineral policy perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Pavlína Janíková ◽  
Jaromír Starý ◽  
Radúz Klika ◽  
Pavel Kavina ◽  
Jakub Jirásek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Third Century ◽  
World War ◽  
Potential Production ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
Gold Production ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Mineral Policy

Abstract Gold production in the region that currently makes up the Czech Republic has a thousand-year-old tradition with peaks around the third century BC, 14th century AD and 20th century AD. In general, approximately 100 metric tonnes were produced by the end of mining in 1994, of which nearly 9 tonnes were produced in the 20th century and approximately 3 tonnes were produced after World War II. Significant gold deposits were discovered during the last extensive exploration conducted in the 1970s to 1995, motivated by the sharp rise in the price of gold at the beginning of the 1970s and in the 1980s. Fifteen deposits with 239 tonnes of geological resources of gold were registered. Another 112 tonnes are recorded as prognosticated resources. None of these deposits are mined, due to unresolved issues involving environmental protection. The exploitation of these deposits is restricted primarily due to concerns regarding the environmental impacts of the mining and processing of extracted minerals. A key aspect of these restrictions is likely the existing ban on the use of cyanide mining technologies. A new and yet-to-be-approved proposal for an updated mineral policy in the Czech Republic is attempting to gradually change this stance. Yet another problem lies in the unfinished surveys of mineral deposits, which would specify the total amount of gold and upgrade the resources to higher categories concerning the level of exploration. Without these, it is impossible to prepare the necessary economic assessments of potential production and of the deposits to the fullest extent of activities involving exploration, mineral extraction and processing, including subsequent reclamation of affected areas, elimination of mining impacts and regeneration of post-mining landscapes. The future of gold deposits in the Czech Republic also greatly depends on future trends in the price of gold and accompanying (by-product) minerals occurring together with gold in mined ores.

News and Announcements

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-293
Author(s):  
Veronika Polisenska
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
World War ◽  
New Developments ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
British Psychological Society ◽  
Legal Psychology ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First World

In this issue, we present varied news from Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Germany, Slovenia, and the UK. Cyprus reports on the new National Awarding Committee for EuroPsy and changes in professional regulations. From the Czech Republic, we have reports on lectures by Comenius award winner Wilhelm Hofmann and the Prague Symposium on Crisis and Disaster Psychology. In Germany, the Communicator Award was awarded to Onur Güntürkün, and there are new developments in the field of legal psychology. The Slovenian Psychologists’ Association summarizes its annual conference and from the UK we have news on the new British Psychological Society president, as well as on the First World War Centenary Project, behavior change advice, and interviews with prominent psychologists.

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