scholarly journals Exploratory Study on Suitable Horticulture Trees for Building Sufficiency of Fruits and Nuts from New Transformation of Forestry-Horticulture

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Dense Forest ◽  
Cover Density

A new transformation for enhancing utility and efficiency of forestry ecosystem and reduction of stress due to resting sole reliance on arable ecosystem for livelihood was devised. This endeavor reached to a new transformation from forestry to Forestry- Horticulture so as to enable acquiring fruits and nuts, highly effectively useful in bringing feel good and wellness, foster of good health and wealth for nations, under changing climate. Reviw and connaissance survey of suitable horticultural trees which bear fruits and nuts and not get damaged by birds, monkeys and ground moving wild animals were searched coveing India from it boundary in North to South and from West to East. There occurred plentiful fruits and nut trees, bushes and herbs, which will easily grow at sites in forest where no trees existed. The statistics of forestry revealed that mere 2.7 percent of geographical area occuring under forest (21.338%), is dense forest having vegetation cover density of 70% or more and remaing areas under forest have moderate to low vegetation covearage. This new transformation will quickly enhance forest cover, induce carbon sequestration, produce woods of different qualities and additionally produce fruits, nuts, gums and resins and many useful produces such as leaves, herbs, honey etc. These products will be available locally as all states have their own forests and produce commodities for business and trades with huge employment generations in process from production to consumption. This new bio based transformation is implementable, without creating any disparity or grudge and bringing a plausible livelihood from stressful situation occurring due to global warming and climate change.

scholarly journals Celebrating 25 years of advances in micropalaeontology: a review

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. John Gregory ◽  
Howard A. Armstrong ◽  
Ian Boomer ◽  
Rainer Gersonde ◽  
Ian Harding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Building Block ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Dramatic Decrease ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
The Uk ◽  
John Gregory

Abstract. INTRODUCTION (F. JOHN GREGORY)To commemorate the publication of the 25th Volume of the Journal of Micropalaeontology, the first issue of which came out in 1982, this celebratory review article was commissioned. Officers of each TMS Group (Ostracod, Foraminifera, Palynology, Nannofossil, Microvertebrate and Silicofossil) were requested to reflect over the last 25 years and assess the major advances and innovations in each of their disciplines. It is obvious from the presentations that all Groups report that research has moved on from the basic, but essential descriptive phase, i.e. taxonomy and establishing biostratigraphies, to the utilization of new technologies and application to issues of the day such as climate change and global warming. However, we must not lose sight of the fact that the foundation of micropalaeontology is observation and the building block for all these new and exciting innovations and developments is still good taxonomy. Briefly, the most obvious conclusion that can be drawn from this review is that micropalaeontology as a science is in relatively good health, but we have to ensure that the reported advancements will sustain and progress our discipline. There is one issue that has not really been highlighted in these contributions – we need to make sure that there are enough people being trained in micropalaeontology to maintain development. The last 25 years has seen a dramatic decrease in the number of post-graduate MSc courses in micropalaeontology. For example, in the UK, in the 1980s and early 1990s there were five specific MSc courses to choose . . .

scholarly journals Comprehensive Overview of REDD+ in India: Status, Opportunities and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
Harish Bahadur Chand ◽  
Sanjay Singh ◽  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar Kewat ◽  
Roshan Bhatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Forest Dependency ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Large Geographical Area

Climate change is a worldwide issue with detrimental effects on ecosystems and human well-being. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) is a worldwide policy tool for combating climate change by reducing emissions from the forestry sector and has received widespread attention. Since the program's inception, India has been a strong advocate for REDD+ and its activities. The goal of this research is to evaluate India's current REDD+ readiness. India is the fourth largest CO2 emitter in the world, accounting for 7% of global CO2 emissions. India's emission trajectory shows the country's ever-increasing CO2 emission trend, with an annual average increase rate of 5-6 percent. India has a large geographical area and forest cover, and it holds 7,124.6 million tons of carbon stock. Forests are traditionally managed through a participatory approach, which is similar to REDD+ activities. India has made significant progress toward REDD+ implementation by developing a national REDD+ strategy, enacting consistent laws and regulations, and demonstrating accountability and monitoring of national forest carbon. However, several issues, including forest dependency, community rights, capacity building, policies, and finance, should be carefully addressed to overcome hurdles in REDD+ implementation.

Changes in Indian Himalayan Region: Impact on Forest Ecosystems and Implications for REDD+

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Satya Negi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Himalayan Region ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Indian Himalayan Region ◽  
Northern Border

There has been a rising global awareness about the importance of world’s mountain areas as mountains offer diverse goods and services to well over half of the earth’s 7 billion people. Mountains and mountain areas are susceptible in nature as some of the most visible indicators of climate change come from mountain areas e.g. widespread retread of glaciers have been observed from the mountain areas across the globe. The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), a mountain chain along the northern border of India with its diversity of ecosystems has unique and special significance for India. During the last decades, globalization, climate change, and population growth have impacted the forest ecosystems of IHR. Although, there is a net gain (2.10%) of forest cover in IHR during the decade (2001 - 2011), but all the states of IHR did not gain in forest cover during the period. Moreover, changes within the forests, such as changes of undisturbed primary forests into secondary forests are difficult to assess. The overall forest cover of 41.55% of the total geographical area of IHR is way behind the target set by the National Forest Policy of 1988 (Anon; 1988). Protection of Himalayan forests is possible only if the ever growing inhabitants of the IHR are properly compensated for protection of these valuable national resources. Successful implementation of Sustainable Forest Management through the global initiatives like ‘reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries; and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries’ (REDD+) at sub-national level is an opportunity to protect the IHR for the national interest.

scholarly journals Forest Cover Upgradation and Degradation in Maharashtra State: A Geographical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Monsoon Climate ◽  
Dense Forest ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Total Geographical Area ◽  
Tropical Monsoon

Maharashtra is one of the all over developed state in India. It is western part of India with a long coast along Arabian Sea. It has an area of 307713 Sq Km which is 9.36 % of the country’s total area. It lies between latitude 15° 35’ and 22° 02’ North and longitude 72° 36 and 80° 54’ East Physiographically, the state can be divided into five distinct region, namely, Deccan plateau, Central highlands Eastern Chhotanagpur plateau, Eastern Ghats and coastal plains, Krishna, Bhima, Godavari, Tapi-Purna and Wardha-Wainganga are important rivers of the State. This paper attempt to the statistically analyze of up-gradation and degradation of forest cover on the land of Maharashtra. The state has a tropical monsoon climate with mean annual temperature ranging between 25° C and 27.5° C and average rainfall between 1600 mm and 2000 mm. The total geographical area is 36, 07,713 Sq Km, 6 revenue division, 36 District, 355 tehsils, and 535 towns as per the Census of 2011. Paper attempt to the statistically analyze of up-gradation and degradation of forest cover on the land of Maharashtra. The state has a tropical monsoon climate with mean annual temperature ranging between 25° C and 27.5° C and average rainfall between 1600 mm and 2000 mm. The total geographical area is 36, 07,713 Sq Km, 6 revenue division, 36 District, 355 tehsils, and 535 towns as per the Census of 2011. The recorded forest area of the state is 61573.03 Sq Km reserved forests constitute 83.10 %, protected forests 10.84% and unclassed forests 6.04% of the total forest area. In terms of forest canopy density classes, the state has 8712 Sq Km very dense forest 20747 Sq km moderately dense forest and 21169 Sq Km open forest as per the ISFR 2013 & 2015. Forest area decreased from 63,544 Sq Km to 61,724 Sq Km as per the census of 1960-61 and 2016-17, it means mostly degradation of forest day by day from the decade of 1961 to 2017 (Economic Survey of Maharashtra 2017-18).

Modelling ecosystem adaptation and dangerous rates of global warming

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Millington ◽  
Peter M. Cox ◽  
Jonathan R. Moore ◽  
Gabriel Yvon-Durocher
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Genetic Evolution ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Rapid Climate Change ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Intraspecies Competition ◽  
High Trait

Abstract We are in a period of relatively rapid climate change. This poses challenges for individual species and threatens the ecosystem services that humanity relies upon. Temperature is a key stressor. In a warming climate, individual organisms may be able to shift their thermal optima through phenotypic plasticity. However, such plasticity is unlikely to be sufficient over the coming centuries. Resilience to warming will also depend on how fast the distribution of traits that define a species can adapt through other methods, in particular through redistribution of the abundance of variants within the population and through genetic evolution. In this paper, we use a simple theoretical ‘trait diffusion’ model to explore how the resilience of a given species to climate change depends on the initial trait diversity (biodiversity), the trait diffusion rate (mutation rate), and the lifetime of the organism. We estimate theoretical dangerous rates of continuous global warming that would exceed the ability of a species to adapt through trait diffusion, and therefore lead to a collapse in the overall productivity of the species. As the rate of adaptation through intraspecies competition and genetic evolution decreases with species lifetime, we find critical rates of change that also depend fundamentally on lifetime. Dangerous rates of warming vary from 1°C per lifetime (at low trait diffusion rate) to 8°C per lifetime (at high trait diffusion rate). We conclude that rapid climate change is liable to favour short-lived organisms (e.g. microbes) rather than longer-lived organisms (e.g. trees).

Analysis of Sensitivity and Vulnerability of Endangered Wild Animals to Global Warming

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Yong Kim ◽  
Seongbum Hong ◽  
Man-Seok Shin
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Wild Animals

Political Preferences, Personality Traits, and Environmentalism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Soutter ◽  
René Mõttus
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Environmental Attitudes ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Anthropogenic Climate Change ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Party Voting

Although the scientific evidence of anthropogenic climate change continues to grow, public discourse still reflects a high level of scepticism and political polarisation towards anthropogenic climate change. In this study (N = 499) we attempted to replicate and expand upon an earlier finding that environmental terminology (“climate change” versus “global warming”) could partly explain political polarisation in environmental scepticism (Schuldt, Konrath, & Schwarz, 2011). Participants completed a series of online questionnaires assessing personality traits, political preferences, belief in environmental phenomenon, and various pro-environmental attitudes and behaviours. Those with a Conservative political orientation and/or party voting believed less in both climate change and global warming compared to those with a Liberal orientation and/or party voting. Furthermore, there was an interaction between continuously measured political orientation, but not party voting, and question wording on beliefs in environmental phenomena. Personality traits did not confound these effects. Furthermore, continuously measured political orientation was associated with pro-environmental attitudes, after controlling for personality traits, age, gender, area lived in, income, and education. The personality domains of Openness, and Conscientiousness, were consistently associated with pro-environmental attitudes and behaviours, whereas Agreeableness was associated with pro-environmental attitudes but not with behaviours. This study highlights the importance of examining personality traits and political preferences together and suggests ways in which policy interventions can best be optimised to account for these individual differences.

Graubündens Wald im Fokus | Focus on the Grisons forest

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (7) ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
Reto Hefti
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Form Part ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Government

In the mountainous canton Grisons, much visited by tourists, the forest has always had an important role to play. New challenges are now presenting themselves. The article goes more closely into two themes on the Grisons forestry agenda dominating in the next few years: the increased use of timber and climate change. With the increased demand for logs and the new sawmill in Domat/Ems new opportunities are offered to the canton for more intensive use of the raw material, wood. This depends on a reduction in production costs and a positive attitude of the population towards the greater use of wood. A series of measures from the Grisons Forestry Department should be of help here. The risk of damage to infrastructure is particularly high in a mountainous canton. The cantonal government of the Grisons has commissioned the Forestry Department to define the situation concerning the possible consequences of global warming on natural hazards and to propose measures which may be taken. The setting up of extensive measurement and information systems, the elaboration of intervention maps, the estimation of the danger potential in exposed areas outside the building zone and the maintenance of existing protective constructions through the creation of a protective constructions register, all form part of the government programme for 2009 to 2012. In the Grisons, forest owners and visitors will have to become accustomed to the fact that their forests must again produce more wood and that, on account of global warming, protective forests will become even more important than they already are today.

Denouement: World Politics, Systemic Leadership, and Climate Change

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Thompson ◽  
Leila Zakhirova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
World Politics ◽  
First Century ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Historical Processes

In this final chapter, we conclude by recapitulating our argument and evidence. One goal of this work has been to improve our understanding of the patterns underlying the evolution of world politics over the past one thousand years. How did we get to where we are now? Where and when did the “modern” world begin? How did we shift from a primarily agrarian economy to a primarily industrial one? How did these changes shape world politics? A related goal was to examine more closely the factors that led to the most serious attempts by states to break free of agrarian constraints. We developed an interactive model of the factors that we thought were most likely to be significant. Finally, a third goal was to examine the linkages between the systemic leadership that emerged from these historical processes and the global warming crisis of the twenty-first century. Climate change means that the traditional energy platforms for system leadership—coal, petroleum, and natural gas—have become counterproductive. The ultimate irony is that we thought that the harnessing of carbon fuels made us invulnerable to climate fluctuations, while the exact opposite turns out to be true. The more carbon fuels are consumed, the greater the damage done to the atmosphere. In many respects, the competition for systemic leadership generated this problem. Yet it is unclear whether systemic leadership will be up to the task of resolving it.

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