scholarly journals Carceral-border cinema

2019 ◽  
pp. 183-184
Author(s):  
Omid Tofighian
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Immigration Detention ◽  
Detention Centre ◽  
Processing Centre ◽  
Voice Messaging ◽  
Naval Base

The articles in this dossier critically discuss the film Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time (Behrouz Boochani and Arash Kamali Sarvestani, 2017) and reflect on its creation and response. The film is unique in many ways. It was shot clandestinely on a smartphone; shots were smuggled out of the Manus Island immigration detention centre (which has now been dismantled, but was located on the Lombrum Naval Base and officially called Manus Regional Processing Centre) to Lorengau, the main town on the island, then to Australia, and then sent to the codirector in the Netherlands. One of the filmmakers, Behrouz Boochani, was imprisoned at the time of filming and production, an imprisonment which continues at the time of writing; and the two codirectors have never met—the whole film project was conducted over WhatsApp voice messaging and never with conversations in real time due to poor reception in the prison.

scholarly journals A Comparison Study of EDR Estimates from the NLR and NCAR Algorithms

Atmosphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Chi Wai Lee ◽  
Christy Yan Yu Leung ◽  
Mang Hin Kok ◽  
Pak Wai Chan
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Dissipation Rate ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Flight Data ◽  
Atmospheric Research ◽  
Real Time Data ◽  
Good Agreement

A comparison was made of two eddy dissipation rate (EDR) estimates based on flight data recorded by commercial flights. The EDR estimates from real-time data using the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Algorithm were compared with the EDR estimates derived using the Netherlands Aerospace Centre (NLR) Algorithm using quick assess recorder (QAR) data. The estimates were found to be in good agreement in general, although subtle differences were found. The agreement between the two algorithms was better when the flight was above 10,000 ft. The EDR estimates from the two algorithms were also compared with the vertical acceleration experienced by the aircraft. Both EDR estimates showed good correlation with the vertical acceleration and would effectively capture the turbulence subjectively experienced by pilots.

scholarly journals PERSIANN Dynamic Infrared–Rain Rate (PDIR-Now): A Near-Real-Time, Quasi-Global Satellite Precipitation Dataset

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 2893-2906
Author(s):  
Phu Nguyen ◽  
Mohammed Ombadi ◽  
Vesta Afzali Gorooh ◽  
Eric J. Shearer ◽  
Mojtaba Sadeghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Rain Rate ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Precipitation Patterns ◽  
Diurnal Cycles ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Precipitation Estimation ◽  
Precipitation Estimates

AbstractThis study presents the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information Using Artificial Neural Networks–Dynamic Infrared Rain Rate (PDIR-Now) near-real-time precipitation dataset. This dataset provides hourly, quasi-global, infrared-based precipitation estimates at 0.04° × 0.04° spatial resolution with a short latency (15–60 min). It is intended to supersede the PERSIANN–Cloud Classification System (PERSIANN-CCS) dataset previously produced as the near-real-time product of the PERSIANN family. We first provide a brief description of the algorithm’s fundamentals and the input data used for deriving precipitation estimates. Second, we provide an extensive evaluation of the PDIR-Now dataset over annual, monthly, daily, and subdaily scales. Last, the article presents information on the dissemination of the dataset through the Center for Hydrometeorology and Remote Sensing (CHRS) web-based interfaces. The evaluation, conducted over the period 2017–18, demonstrates the utility of PDIR-Now and its improvement over PERSIANN-CCS at all temporal scales. Specifically, PDIR-Now improves the estimation of rain/no-rain days as demonstrated by a critical success index (CSI) of 0.53 compared to 0.47 of PERSIANN-CCS. In addition, PDIR-Now improves the estimation of seasonal and diurnal cycles of precipitation as well as regional precipitation patterns erroneously estimated by PERSIANN-CCS. Finally, an evaluation is carried out to examine the performance of PDIR-Now in capturing two extreme events, Hurricane Harvey and a cluster of summer thunderstorms that occurred over the Netherlands, where it is shown that PDIR-Now adequately represents spatial precipitation patterns as well as subdaily precipitation rates with a correlation coefficient (CORR) of 0.64 for Hurricane Harvey and 0.76 for the Netherlands thunderstorms.

Application of a competitive real time PCR for detection of Marteilia refringens genotype “O” and “M” in two geographical locations: The Ebro Delta, Spain and the Rhine-Meuse Delta, the Netherlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noèlia Carrasco ◽  
Michal Voorbergen-Laarman ◽  
Beatriz Lacuesta ◽  
Dolors Furones ◽  
Marc Y. Engelsma
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Ebro Delta ◽  
Geographical Locations

scholarly journals Applying a Model for Trip Assignment and Dynamic Routing of Automated Taxis with Congestion: System Performance in the City of Delft, The Netherlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (8) ◽  
pp. 588-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Liang ◽  
Gonçalo Homem de Almeida Correia ◽  
Bart van Arem
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Profit Maximization ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Size ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This paper proposes a method of assigning trips to automated taxis (ATs) and designing the routes of those vehicles in an urban road network, and also considering the traffic congestion caused by this dynamic responsive service. The system is envisioned to provide a seamless door-to-door service within a city area for all passenger origins and destinations. An integer programming model is proposed to define the routing of the vehicles according to a profit maximization function, depending on the dynamic travel times, which varies with the ATs’ flow. This will be especially important when the number of automated vehicles (AVs) circulating on the roads is high enough that their routing will cause delays. This system should be able to serve not only the reserved travel requests, but also some real-time requests. A rolling horizon scheme is used to divide one day into several periods in which both the real-time and the booked demand will be considered together. The model was applied to the real size case study city of Delft, the Netherlands. The results allow assessing of the impact of the ATs movements on traffic congestion and the profitability of the system. From this case-study, it is possible to conclude that taking into account the effect of the vehicle flows on travel time leads to changes in the system profit, the satisfied percentage and the driving distance of the vehicles, which highlights the importance of this type of model in the assessment of the operational effects of ATs in the future.

scholarly journals Testing the use of standardised indices and GRACE satellite data to estimate the European 2015 groundwater drought in near-real time

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1947-1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne F. Van Loon ◽  
Rohini Kumar ◽  
Vimal Mishra
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Groundwater Drought

Abstract. In 2015, central and eastern Europe were affected by a severe drought. This event has recently been studied from meteorological and streamflow perspective, but no analysis of the groundwater situation has been performed. One of the reasons is that real-time groundwater level observations often are not available. In this study, we evaluate two alternative approaches to quantify the 2015 groundwater drought over two regions in southern Germany and eastern Netherlands. The first approach is based on spatially explicit relationships between meteorological conditions and historic groundwater level observations. The second approach uses the Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE) terrestrial water storage (TWS) and groundwater anomalies derived from GRACE-TWS and (near-)surface storage simulations by the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) models. We combined the monthly groundwater observations from 2040 wells to establish the spatially varying optimal accumulation period between the Standardised Groundwater Index (SGI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) at a 0.25° gridded scale. The resulting optimal accumulation periods range between 1 and more than 24 months, indicating strong spatial differences in groundwater response time to meteorological input over the region. Based on the estimated optimal accumulation periods and available meteorological time series, we reconstructed the groundwater anomalies up to 2015 and found that in Germany a uniform severe groundwater drought persisted for several months during this year, whereas the Netherlands appeared to have relatively high groundwater levels. The differences between this event and the 2003 European benchmark drought are striking. The 2003 groundwater drought was less uniformly pronounced, both in the Netherlands and Germany. This is because slowly responding wells (the ones with optimal accumulation periods of more than 12 months) still were above average from the wet year of 2002, which experienced severe flooding in central Europe. GRACE-TWS and GRACE-based groundwater anomalies did not capture the spatial variability of the 2003 and 2015 drought events satisfactorily. GRACE-TWS did show that both 2003 and 2015 were relatively dry, but the differences between Germany and the Netherlands in 2015 and the spatially variable groundwater drought pattern in 2003 were not captured. This could be associated with the coarse spatial scale of GRACE. The simulated groundwater anomalies based on GRACE-TWS deviated considerably from the GRACE-TWS signal and from observed groundwater anomalies. The uncertainty in the GRACE-based groundwater anomalies mainly results from uncertainties in the simulation of soil moisture by the different GLDAS models. The GRACE-based groundwater anomalies are therefore not suitable for use in real-time groundwater drought monitoring in our case study regions. The alternative approach based on the spatially variable relationship between meteorological conditions and groundwater levels is more suitable to quantify groundwater drought in near real-time. Compared to the meteorological drought and streamflow drought (described in previous studies), the groundwater drought of 2015 had a more pronounced spatial variability in its response to meteorological conditions, with some areas primarily influenced by short-term meteorological deficits and others influenced by meteorological deficits accumulated over the preceding 2 years or more. In drought management, this information is very useful and our approach to quantify groundwater drought can be used until real-time groundwater observations become readily available.

Subjectivity and identity in detention: Punishment and society in a global age

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Bosworth
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Foreign National ◽  
Immigration Detention ◽  
Detention Centre ◽  
Global Age

This article draws on ethnographic research that I conducted in five British immigration removal centres from November 2009 to June 2011, and considers the challenges these institutions pose to our understanding of penal power. These centres contain a complex mix of foreign national citizens including former and current asylum seekers, those without visas, visa over-stayers and post-sentence foreign national prisoners. For many non-British offenders, a period of confinement in an immigration detention centre is now, effectively, part of their punishment. What are the implications of this dual confinement and (how) can we understand it within the intellectual framework of punishment and society?

On the effectiveness of the anti-gaming policy between the day-ahead and real-time electricity markets in The Netherlands

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Boogert ◽  
Dominique Dupont
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Electricity Markets

A climatological approach for operational radar rainfall bias correction 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Imhoff ◽  
Claudia Brauer ◽  
Klaas-Jan van Heeringen ◽  
Hidde Leijnse ◽  
Aart Overeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Bias Reduction ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Radar Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Estimates

<p>Most radar quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) products systematically deviate from the true rainfall amount. This makes radar QPE adjustments unavoidable for operational use in hydro-meteorological (forecasting) models. Most correction methods require a timely available, high-density network of quality-controlled rain gauge observations. Here, we introduce a set of fixed bias reduction factors for the Netherlands, which vary per grid cell and day of the year. With this approach, we aim to provide an alternative to current practice, because the climatological factors are both operationally available and independent of the real-time rain gauge availability.</p><p>The correction factors were based on 10 years of 5-min radar QPE and reference rainfall data. We tested this method on the resulting rainfall estimates and subsequent discharge simulations for twelve Dutch catchment and polder areas. In addition, we compared the results to the operational mean field bias (MFB) corrected rainfall estimates and a reference dataset. This reference consisted of the radar QPE, spatially adjusted with a network of 356 validated rain gauge observations. Of this network, only 31 are automatic gauges. Hence, only these were available in real-time for the operational MFB corrections.</p><p>The climatological correction factors show clear spatial and temporal patterns. The factors are higher far from the radars and higher during winter than in summer. The latter pattern is likely a result of sampling above the melting layer during the months December–March, which causes higher underestimations. Estimated yearly rainfall sums are generally comparable to the reference and outperform the MFB corrected rainfall estimates for catchments far from the radars (south and east of the country). This difference is absent for catchments closer to the radars, where both products tend to marginally overestimate the rainfall sums. The differences amplify when both QPE products are used to force the hydrologic models. Discharge simulations based on the proposed QPE product outperform the MFB corrected rainfall estimates for all but one basin. Moreover, the climatological factor derivation shows little sensitivity to the moving window length and to leaving individual years out of the training dataset. The presented method provides a robust and straightforward operational alternative. It can serve as a benchmark for further QPE algorithm development in the Netherlands and elsewhere.</p>

The devoicing of fricatives in Standard Dutch: A real-time study based on radio recordings

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans van de Velde ◽  
Marinel Gerritsen ◽  
Roeland van Hout
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Strong Tendency ◽  
Time Study ◽  
Trend Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTThis article gives a detailed analysis of devoicing of the voiced fricatives /v/, /z/, /y/ in two varieties of Standard Dutch: Southern Standard Dutch (as spoken in Belgium) and Northern Standard Dutch (as spoken in The Netherlands). The study is based on archived recordings of radio broadcasts from 1935 to 1993. First, our study shows a divergence between Southern and Northern Standard Dutch in the pronunciation of voiced fricatives in this period. In The Netherlands there is a strong tendency towards devoicing, but in Belgium this tendency is very weak. Second, this study offers insight into the linguistic path of this change: partially voiced compromise variants play an important role, and devoicing is favored in word-initial position. Finally, our study shows the benefits of a retrospective trend study on the basis of radio recordings. In comparison with traditional real-time studies, it offers more insight into the social and linguistic embedding of changes in progress. Its results are also more reliable than those of apparent-time research.

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