scholarly journals Influence of Remittances on Socio-Economic Development in Rural Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
Deepak Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
Migrant Households ◽  
Rural Nepal ◽  
The Village ◽  
Modern Technologies

This article analyses socioeconomic changes with reference to income, consumption, expenditure, health, and education of migrant households in relation to remittances flows. This study is based on a case study of Musaharniya village in Rajbiraj Municipality of Saptari District, Province 2, Nepal. It is found that remittances play a vital role in improving the socioeconomic condition, reducing poverty and bringing social and political awareness in the village. Those households whose family members are not abroad are poorer than those with migrant members abroad. Due to increasing incomes, their expenditure capacity has considerably risen over time. All migrant households have owned land whereas one-third of households were landless in the past. Access to modern technologies has significantly increased among remittance recipient households compared to non-remittances households. Remittances were also causing migration from rural to urban centres to some extent.

COMBINING ORAL TRADITIONS AND BAYESIAN CHRONOLOGICAL MODELING TO UNDERSTAND VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT IN THE GULF OF PAPUA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Chris Urwin ◽  
Quan Hua ◽  
Henry Arifeae
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Spatial History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gulf Of Papua ◽  
The Village

ABSTRACT When European colonists arrived in the late 19th century, large villages dotted the coastline of the Gulf of Papua (southern Papua New Guinea). These central places sustained long-distance exchange and decade-spanning ceremonial cycles. Besides ethnohistoric records, little is known of the villages’ antiquity, spatiality, or development. Here we combine oral traditional and 14C chronological evidence to investigate the spatial history of two ancestral village sites in Orokolo Bay: Popo and Mirimua Mapoe. A Bayesian model composed of 35 14C assays from seven excavations, alongside the oral traditional accounts, demonstrates that people lived at Popo from 765–575 cal BP until 220–40 cal BP, at which time they moved southwards to Mirimua Mapoe. The village of Popo spanned ca. 34 ha and was composed of various estates, each occupied by a different tribe. Through time, the inhabitants of Popo transformed (e.g., expanded, contracted, and shifted) the village to manage social and ceremonial priorities, long-distance exchange opportunities and changing marine environments. Ours is a crucial case study of how oral traditional ways of understanding the past interrelate with the information generated by Bayesian 14C analyses. We conclude by reflecting on the limitations, strengths, and uncertainties inherent to these forms of chronological knowledge.

scholarly journals Imeum Mukim Advocacy in Prevention of Environmental Pollution in Aceh Jaya According to Customary and Islamic Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 741
Author(s):  
Mahdi Syahbandir ◽  
Dahlawi MAZ ◽  
Wais Alqarni ◽  
Munawwarah Samad
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Village

This study aims to discuss the advocacy of imeum mukim in preventing environmental pollution in Aceh Jaya according to customary and Islamic law. The research is an empirical legal study, while the research approach is a case study approach, which is a study that analyzes a particular case. The theory used is the role and authority theory associated with customary and Islamic law. This study concludes that imeum mukim has a vital role and authority in Acehnese society because imuem mukim can resolve cases at the mukim level if it is unresolved at the village level. Then Imeum Mukim in Aceh Jaya has been advocating and socializing the prevention of environmental pollution by revitalizing customary rules, making qanuns at the mukim and village levels that accommodate the protection of the environment, for example, maintaining watersheds and prohibiting logging, including protecting certain animals. In addition, Imuem Mukim can also encourage CSR funds from companies to assist orphans, the poor, and environmental conservation. Furthermore, environmental pollution in the perspective of customary law is accommodated in customary rules and prohibitions. This is because customary law has philosophical, juridical, and sociological powers that have become living law. Meanwhile, in the perspective of the Islamic law that polluting the environment is a prohibition that brings God's wrath, it also destroys environmental sustainability and human benefit in general. On the other hand, preserving the environment is an obligation humans must carry out.

scholarly journals The Influence of Ecophysiographic Determinants on the Functional-Spatial Development of Rural Areas - A Study of the Village of Lubasz

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-246
Author(s):  
Hanna Borucińska-Bieńkowska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Big City ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

AbstractThe article discusses selected issues concerning the influence of ecophysiographic determinants on functional-spatial and socio-economic development in rural areas. Ecological, economic and social processes that have been taking place for the past few decades are examined in the context of the development of local self-governments and transformation of economic processes into market oriented economy following socioeconomic changes in Poland. The process of intense urbanization of the countryside is a common phenomenon that occurs specifically in rural areas that are within the impact zone of a big city. It is caused by i.a. human migration into rural areas as well as by development of areas of business activation. These tendencies, which occur both in the social and economic context, greatly affect ecological processes. Expansion of land development and the ensuing further development of necessary technical infrastructure give rise to numerous problems in natural environment. Ecophysiographic determinants play a vital role in the pursuit of sustainable development of the countryside in the aspect of threats that result from excessive urbanization of rural areas. The author discusses these issues on the example of a study of the village of Lubasz in the wielkopolskie voivodeship.

scholarly journals New Trends in Geoproducts Development: Železné Hory National Geopark Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Doucek ◽  
Josef Zelenka
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Modern Technologies

Abstract Geotourism is still a relatively new direction of tourism and its development is bound mainly to the territory of geoparks. Many geoparks try to develop different types of geo-products with a focus on different target groups. However, the nature of these products is very different and their development is evident mainly in the time scale. In the past, simple forms of interpretation and application of geoproducts were popular, whereas currently, modern technologies such as animations or augmented reality are thriving. This is mainly due to the better availability of technological equipment. At the same time, a number of geoparks boast of above-average interpreters, who are able to render and simplify difficult geological topics. This also applies to their ability to create of new geoproducts, where the need to abbreviate and condense information is evident. The results of the study show a positive trend in the use of modern methods in geoscience interpretation and in the creation of new geoproducts. At the same time, it is clear that without a modern concept it is very difficult to reach the current visitors. Therefore, such a concept is necessary in order to develop geoscientific issues, especially in the area of geoparks.

scholarly journals Is the Past Another Country? A Case Study of Rural�Urban Affinity on Mudik Lebaran in Central Java

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 49-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vissia Ita Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Interaction Zone ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The Village

This study is to explore the relations between the urban and rural in terms of their social as well as cultural significance. Referring to the idea of David Lowenthal (1985:39-52) who has pointed out that the connection between the past and present rests on the fact that the past has been the source of familiarity, guidance, identity, enrichment and escapethe central idea of the paper is to suggest that this notion of a familiar past is a fundamental aspect of the culture of contemporary urbanised Central Javanese, who, during the Lebaran holiday, revisit their ancestral roots to retain a degree of autonomy against modernity or to return to their disappearing past as tourists, so to speak. The cultural practice of mudik becomes the interaction zone (Leaf, 2008) that provides opportunities for city dwellers to keep ties with their village of origin. Finally, the paper suggests that the continuing intimate interplay between the village and town proves that neither pastpresent nor ruralurban dichotomies are in categorically opposed realms; metaphorically speaking, they are not in different countries.

scholarly journals Water constructions in countryside – case study of land use on the river Svratka in the village Ujčov (Moravia)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-210
Author(s):  
Petra Oppeltová ◽  
František Bureš
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
The Village ◽  
New Habitats

Abstract Buildings and facilities on waterways have significant landscaping, water management and ecological importance. They affect the landscape and create conditions for the emergence of new habitats. Small dams, mills, saws, small hydropower plants, dams and other water objects and structures, which more or less affect the flow of the surrounding countryside, are built and are building in the countryside. Within design and construction of these objects environmental relationships must be respected and in line with the sustainable exploitation of the territory. Many objects built in the past adversely affected the flow and the landscape while make it impossible the migration of fish and amphibians. A series of objects is currently non-functional and have a negative impact on the flow and the surrounding countryside. In such cases the streams are revitalized or inoperative objects are removed, fish ladders are often built. This study evaluates the possibility of using land adjacent to the fixed weir on the Svratka river in the Ujčov village, from the viewpoint of maintaining the existing biodiversity, aesthetic and economic potential of the territory. A study with several options of land use is the result.

scholarly journals The Role of the Social Capital in Rural Development. Case Study Analysis of Village Research Camps in Romania and Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-598
Author(s):  
Tibor Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Statistical Data Analysis ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Village

Abstract Social capital represents an increasingly used term in social sciences, but its application in rural development is not widespread. In this study, we assess the social capital of villages where we have organized village research camps over the past decade. The research utilizes a specific methodology, synthesizes the research carried out in the village research camps. Methods included statistical data analysis, questionnaire survey, interviewing, and participant observation. Among the results, we found that the social capital of the studied villages and the condition of their local communities are different. These also affected the effectiveness of development activities. The study examined the role of social capital and how the development of social capital can contribute to the development of villages. In summary, our assumption is that there is a link between social capital and rural development, but this relationship is not always evident or one-way.

scholarly journals Preservation of Megalithic Sites as Integrated Tourism Objects in Lahat Regency, South Sumatra

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-120
Author(s):  
Farida Ratu Wargadalem ◽  
A. Siswanto ◽  
Ardiansyah Ardiansyah ◽  
K. Indriastuti
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Site Management ◽  
The Past ◽  
Site Characteristics ◽  
The Village

Megalithic sites, tourist assets in Lahat Regency besides waterfalls, are a wealth of culture in the past that have the potential to be a tourist attraction. The location of megalithic sites scattered in several subdistricts and mostly located outside the settlement becomes an obstacle to be developed as a tourist destination. The purpose of this research is to develop an integrated tourism strategy that composes megalithic sites, natural attractions, artificial attractions, settlements, and the empowerment of local communities. This research combines historical research and case study. The case study is used by observing the location of megalithic sites in several districts in the Lahat Regency. The rapid mapping of potential megalithic sites and tourist objects and developed into two zonings. Community empowerment is conducted by focusing on group discussion (FGD) involving related parties. Megalithic sites are unique, scattered over a wide area, and different geographic conditions make them difficult for tourists to visit. There are several megalithic sites in the settlement, plantation, or rice fields. Local Communities already have an understanding of utilizing homes as homestays. It is concluded that the determination of zonation in Lahat regency can direct the management of the megalithic site as a tourism object according to the site characteristics and the built environment through community empowerment. The first zoning is the location of megalithic sites on Pagaralam as the direction of tourist arrivals with the village of Gunung Kaya in the Jarai sub-district as the node, and the second zonation on Lahat as the direction of tourist arrivals with the village Sinjar Bulan in Gumay Ulu sub-district as the node. Megalithic site management strategy as an integrated tourist attraction is also carried out by utilizing all the existing potential.Situs megalitik adalah warisan budaya di masa lalu yang berpotensi menjadi objek wisata. Lokasi situs megalitik yang tersebar di beberapa kecamatan dan sebagian besar berada di luar pemukiman menjadi kendala untuk dikembangkan sebagai tujuan wisata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan strategi pariwisata terpadu yang menyusun situs megalitik, atraksi alam, atraksi buatan, permukiman, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat lokal. Penelitian menggunakan dua pendekatan, yakni penelitian historis dan studi kasus. Situs megalitik unik, tersebar di wilayah yang luas, dan kondisi geografis yang berbeda membuat mereka sulit dikunjungi wisatawan. Ada beberapa situs megalitik di pemukiman, perkebunan, atau sawah. Masyarakat setempat sudah memiliki pemahaman tentang pemanfaatan rumah sebagai homestay. Disimpulkan bahwa penentuan zonasi di Kabupaten Lahat dapat mengarahkan pengelolaan situs megalitik sebagai objek wisata sesuai dengan karakteristik situs dan lingkungan binaan melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat. Zonasi pertama adalah lokasi situs megalitik di Pagaralam sebagai arah kedatangan wisatawan dengan desa Gunung Kaya di kecamatan Jarai sebagai simpul, dan zonasi kedua di Lahat sebagai arah kedatangan wisatawan dengan desa Sinjar Bulan di kecamatan Gumay Ulu sebagai simpul.

Theological Principles in the Qur'an: Sūrat al-Baqara as a Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-139
Author(s):  
Hasan Shafie
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence

In this study we propose the establishment of theological rules (qawāʿid iʿtiqādiyya) similar to the jurisitic rules (qawāʿid fiqhiyya) which have for centuries been very important to Islamic jurisprudence, and which play a vital role in jurisprudence and uṣūl al-fiqh. The present article takes the second sura of the Qur'an, Sūrat al-Baqara, as a case study, identifying three fundamental principles in this sura: (i) man is honoured (al-insān mukarram), (ii) the Resurrection is a reality (al-baʿth ḥaqq) (iii) belief in all prophets is obligatory (al-īmān bi-kāfat al-anbiyāʾ wājib). These three rules are emphasised and reiterated in many parts of the sura, to a greater extent than any other principle. This study calls for other scholars to consider this proposition and develop it further.

From hard to soft: theory and Neolithic studies in Scotland

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-19
Author(s):  
Kenneth Brophy
Keyword(s):  
The Past

The Scottish Theoretical Archaeology Group (STAG) conference organisers expressed some doubts about how far theory has changed, and impacted, archaeological establishment and academia in Scotland. In this paper, I will argue that Scotland is certainly not isolated in a theoretical sense, although in the past, Scottish archaeology could be accused of being theoretically conservative, or at least dependent on ideas and models developed elsewhere. A case-study looking at Neolithic studies will be used to illustrate that despite some recent critical historiographies of the study of the period in Scotland, archaeologists in Scotland and those working with Scottish material have been theoretically innovative and in step with wider paradigm changes. The study of the Neolithic in Scotland, it could be argued, has been shaped by theory more than the study of any other period; we are not isolated, but rather part of wider networks of discourse.

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