377. A Step-by-Step Approach for the Evaluation and Management of Reproductive Risk from Exposure to Chemicals in the Workplace

Abstract Study question What carrier screening test is better to reduce the risk of offspring being affected by recessive diseases when genetic matching is performed with gamete donors: complete or targeted genes analysis? Summary answer The use of complete genes analysis in the carrier screening of gamete donors reduces the risk of offspring being affected by recessive diseases. What is known already Legislative measures and scientific societies alike call for more research to be conducted into recessive diseases in gamete donors, in order to reduce reproductive risk. However, it is still unclear which genes should be studied and what type of data analysis, targeted or nontargeted, should be performed. Study design, size, duration This descriptive observational study of 923 oocyte donors and 895 semen donors was conducted from January 2017 to August 2020, at a private gamete bank. Participants/materials, setting, methods 1818 gamete donors screened by NGS and nontargeted analysis of the variants, the pathogenic variants detected were analysed to estimate the probability of high-risk genetic matching and to determine the results that would have been obtained if the three most commonly used genotyping tests for carriers of recessive diseases in ART had been applied. Main results and the role of chance The probability of high-risk genetic matching with gamete donation, screened by NGS and complete genes analysis, was 5.48%, versus the 0.57–2.8% that would have been obtained if the genotyping test had been applied. Of the 1739 total variants found, only 28.69% would have been detected by all three targeted tests considered and 45.66% of the variants would not have been detected by any of them. Limitations, reasons for caution The study was not based in the general population, was limited to a population of Mediterranean ethnic origin. In addition, our study only analysed 302 recessive diseases of the 1,300 plus that have been described. Wider implications of the findings: Our study highlights the considerable heterogeneity of the genotyping tests commonly used in ART, which present significant differences in their ability to detect pathogenic variants. Therefore, the use of genotyping tests for genetic matching is associated with a higher reproductive risk, compared to the use of complete genes analysis. Trial registration number Not applicable

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Reproductive risk factors and breast cancer: a case control study from rural India

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v14i3.21865 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 258-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vaishali R Mohite ◽

Asha K Pratinidhi ◽

Rajsinh Vishwasrao Mohite

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Menopausal Status ◽

Hormonal Contraceptives ◽

Reproductive Risk ◽

History Of ◽

Reproductive Risk Factors ◽

Post Menopausal ◽

Strength Of Association

Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women and is influenced by reproductive factors perceived by women worldwide.Aims: To identify the reproductive risk factors of breast cancer in newly diagnosed cases and to find out the strength of association of the risk factors with the breast cancer. Material and Methods: A hospital based case-control study was conducted in Satara district, India during year 2009 to 2011 among newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer and matched controls. A total of 434 participants including 217 cases and 217 controls were enrolled by purposive sampling technique from selected hospitals of study area. The information was collected by employing pre-tested questionnaire by utilizing interview method. Statistical Analysis used: Descriptive statistics, Odds ratio and Chi-square test was used to find out strength of association and statistical significant difference. Results: Highest proportion [31.80%] breast cancer cases was in age group 40-49 years with lowest age of 25 years at diagnosis of the disease. A very high proportion of both cases [88.02%] and controls [67.28%] were Hindu by religion and were from rural residence. Maximum proportion of breast cancer cases were housewives [63.59%], literate [71.42%] and from upper economic class [56.68%]. The proportions of cases were higher as compared to the controls with respect to risk factors like unmarried status, nulliparity, history of abortion, post menopausal status, absence of breast feeding and the history of exposure to hormonal contraceptives. The risk of getting breast cancer as indicated by Odds ratio was 8 times higher in unmarried women, 2.8 times in nulliparous women, 2.4 times with post menopausal status, 10.4 times with absence of breast feeding, 1.5 times with exposure to hormonal contraceptives and 4.5 times with history of ovarian disease respectively. Conclusion: The reproductive risk factors such as unmarried status of women, nulliparity, menopause, absence of breast feeding, history of ovarian disease and use of contraceptives were strongly associated with breast cancer.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(3) 2015 p.258-264

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Reproductive Risk Information Missing from Assessment of Drugs in the WHO's Essential Medicines List

Reproductive Toxicology ◽

10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.07.076 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 80 ◽

pp. 164

Author(s):

Janine Polifka ◽

Hamid Ferdosi ◽

Isabella Boroje ◽

Steven H. Lamm

Keyword(s):

Risk Information ◽

Essential Medicines ◽

Reproductive Risk ◽

Essential Medicines List

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Estimation of Human Reproductive Risk from Animal Studies: Determination of Interspecies Extrapolation Factors for Steroid Hormone Effects on the Male

Risk Analysis ◽

10.1111/j.1539-6924.1988.tb01151.x ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 27-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marvin L. Meistrich

Keyword(s):

Animal Studies ◽

Steroid Hormone ◽

Reproductive Risk ◽

Interspecies Extrapolation ◽

Hormone Effects ◽

Human Reproductive

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A case-control study of reproductive risk factors associated with cervical cancer

International Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1002/ijc.2910590408 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 476-482 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Bishwa Nath Mukherjee ◽

Subrata Sengupta ◽

Salil Chaudhuri ◽

Liton Naha Biswas ◽

Pradip Maiti

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Reproductive Risk ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Reproductive Risk Factors ◽

Control Study

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The politics of abortion and contraception

Sociologija ◽

10.2298/soc0402097d ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 97-114

Author(s):

Rada Drezgic

Keyword(s):

Gender Roles ◽

Birth Control ◽

Low Fertility ◽

Direct Connection ◽

Mutual Relationship ◽

Demographic Trends ◽

Men And Women ◽

Reproductive Risk ◽

Gender Power ◽

Micro Level

In this article the author challenges several dominant positions that are relevant for understanding demographic trends and contraceptive practices as well as their mutual relationship. First, the author rejects the assumed direct connection between high abortion rates and low fertility. Second, the author challenges the thesis according to which abortions come about because of the lack of contraception and proposes that high abortion rates result from failing contraception i.e. from high failing rates of coitus interruptus which is a preferred method of birth control by men and women in Serbia. Finally, the author argues that giving control over reproductive risk to men does not make women passive victims of male domination. Rather women are, it is argued, active agents in reproducing hegemonic gender roles and relations. In addition, the author shows how gender power relations formed at the micro level may be consequential for macro level politics.

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Anticipating Risky Bodies

Zero Trimester ◽

10.1525/california/9780520288065.003.0003 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Miranda R. Waggoner

Keyword(s):

Child Health ◽

Maternal And Child Health ◽

Clinical Intervention ◽

First Century ◽

Scientific Uncertainty ◽

Women's Bodies ◽

Reproductive Risk ◽

Pregnancy Care ◽

And Child Health ◽

Health Experts

This chapter examines how maternal and child health experts defined risks to healthy pregnancies around the turn of the twenty-first century, especially amid scientific uncertainty regarding the etiology of birth outcomes. Drawing on interviews with maternal and child health experts and physicians who were involved in drafting and/or disseminating the pre-pregnancy care model, this chapter details how individuals drew on long-held assumptions about strong ties between women’s bodies and reproductive outcomes in order to craft a new “common sense” about future reproductive risk. Pre-pregnancy care as an anticipatory care strategy highlights how medicine and public health today focus on preemptive clinical intervention and on future risk. Moreover, pre-pregnancy care serves as a bellwether for where this trend is headed: toward preventive interventions in the name of the health of future generations.

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