scholarly journals Pemberian Biochar Jengkok Tembakau untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Ubijalar pada Lahan Kering Sub-Optimal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Edyson Indawan ◽  
Sri Umi Lestari ◽  
Nurita Thiasari
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Increase Crop Yield

Indawan et al, 2019. Increasing Sweet Potato Yield on Biochar Amendment Application on Sub-Optimal Dry Land. JLSO 8(1):47-56. Biochar is a soil amendment that can improve soil fertility, increase crop yield and can reduce contamination. This study aim to evaluate the sweet potato response to biochar application from tobacco industry waste. The combination of cultivar and dose of biochar implemented using a Split Plot Experiment Design with three replications. The cultivars placed 0n main plots and biochar doses on sub-plots. The thirteen cultivars covering 7 varieties (Kuningan Putih, Beta 1, Beta 2, Kuningan Merah, Sari, Boko, and Jago) plus six accession from Unitri and Brawijaya University collections (BIS OP-61-OP-22 , 73-6 / 2, 73 OP-8, BIS OP-61, 73 OP-5, and BIS OP-61-♀-29). The biochar dose used was B0 (0 t / ha) and B1 (5 t / ha). The experimental unit is measuring 5 m x 0.6 m, consisting of single row and planted with a spacing of 25 cm in row or 20 cuttings/row). The storage root numbers, storage root weight, % dry matter, Harvest Index (HI) and yields estimation are ditermined. The results showed that sweet potato cultivars gave a significant response to biochar application on fresh storage root weight, dry storage root weight, biomass dry weight, HI and storage root yields, but no interaction between cultivars and biochar doses. Storage root yield range of 8 - 21 t / ha without biochar and 10 - 23 t / ha with biochar 5 t / ha, except for Beta 1 and Boko. The use of biochar of 5 t / ha can increase storage root yields ranging from 8 - 45%.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF GYPSUM ON EARLY GROWTH AND YIELD OF SWEET POTATO.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1078a-1078
Author(s):  
E. Niyonsaba ◽  
E. G. Rhoden ◽  
P. K. Biswas ◽  
G.W. Carver
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
And Storage

A study was conducted to assess the effects of gypsum on the early growth and storage root yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) cvs `Jewel', `Goergia Jet' and `TI-155'. Three rates of gypsum were applied (1.03, 2.06 and 3.09 tons/acre). These represented half, recommended and 1.5 recommended levels. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with a split plot arrangement of treatment. Leaf area, total dry matter, leaf dry matter and stat-age root weight were recorded at 30-day intervals. Plants receiving half the recommended levels of gypsum produced the highest total storage root dry matter (0.306 t/a) and the highest leaf dry matter (0.116 t/a). Although a positive relationship exists between leaf dry matter and storage root yield between 90 and 120 days, there was no such relationship between those parameters either at 30 and 60 days or 60 and 90 days after transplanting.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF FLOWER REMOVAL ON THE YIELD OF EARLY AND LATE MATURING SWEETPOTATO (IPOMOEA BATATAS L.) CULTIVARS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 731a-731
Author(s):  
V. A. Khan ◽  
C. Stevens ◽  
J. Y. Lu ◽  
M. A. Wilson ◽  
J. E. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sample Period ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
Maturity Groups

TU-155 and Georgia-Jet early, TU-1892 and Carver late maturing sweet-potato cultivars. were evaluated in the field to determine the effect of flower removal (FR) would have on marketable storage, root numbers and yield. Other parameters measured were leaf area and numbers, plant fresh and dry weight. Plants were sampled at 57 and 71 days after transplanting (DAT). All flowers were hand removed and the 1st harvest began 45 days DAT for the early and at 60 DAT for the late maturing cultivars. All flower harvests concluded 22 days after 1st harvest began and roots were harvested 120 DAT. There was significant differences among cultivars for total flower production with N-1892 and Georgia-Jet having the highest flower production. FR treatments for N-155 and Georgia-Jet showed significant increases for plant dry weight, leaf area and numbers 71 DAT while Carver and TU-1892 showed no significant differences for the same sample period. Marketable root numbers were not significantly affected by FR but marketable yields for all cultivars were. Overall, the cultivars showed variation both within and among maturity groups in their response to FR treatments, for example N-155 had a 39% compared to 3% increase for Georgia-let while Carver had a 15% increase in marketable yield compared to 5% for TU-1891.

scholarly journals SWEET POTATO GROWTH AND ROOT DEVELOPMENT IN FRITTED CLAY MEDIA

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 855F-855
Author(s):  
P. J. Ndolo ◽  
E. G. Rhoden
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Fibrous Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Potato Growth ◽  
Fibrous Roots

Root growth of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam.] cvs `TI-82-155', `Centennial' and `Rojo Blanco' in coarse fritted clay soil, was investigated under greenhouse conditions. The sweet potato cultivars were harvested at 41 and 82 days after planting. Dry weight of fibrous roots of all cultivars were similar at day 41. Fibrous root weight of `Rojo Blanco' increased by 5% while those of the other cultivars increased by 168%. Mean fibrous root length per centimeter depth was not significantly different among cultivars. Although fresh weight of storage roots of `Rojo Blanco' was significantly lower than those of the other cultivars, their dry weights were similar. `TI-82-155' and `Rojo Blanco' had fewer storage roots compared to the other cultivars, however, storage root length of `TI-82-155' or `Rojo Blanco' was greater than that of `Georgia Jet' or `Centennial'. Length to diameter ratio of the storage root of `Rojo Blanco' was significantly greater than that of `TI-82-155' and `Georgia Jet'.

scholarly journals SWEET POTATO GROWTH AND ROOT DEVELOPMENT IN FRITTED CLAY MEDIA

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 855f-855
Author(s):  
P. J. Ndolo ◽  
E. G. Rhoden
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Fibrous Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Potato Growth ◽  
Fibrous Roots

Root growth of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam.] cvs `TI-82-155', `Centennial' and `Rojo Blanco' in coarse fritted clay soil, was investigated under greenhouse conditions. The sweet potato cultivars were harvested at 41 and 82 days after planting. Dry weight of fibrous roots of all cultivars were similar at day 41. Fibrous root weight of `Rojo Blanco' increased by 5% while those of the other cultivars increased by 168%. Mean fibrous root length per centimeter depth was not significantly different among cultivars. Although fresh weight of storage roots of `Rojo Blanco' was significantly lower than those of the other cultivars, their dry weights were similar. `TI-82-155' and `Rojo Blanco' had fewer storage roots compared to the other cultivars, however, storage root length of `TI-82-155' or `Rojo Blanco' was greater than that of `Georgia Jet' or `Centennial'. Length to diameter ratio of the storage root of `Rojo Blanco' was significantly greater than that of `TI-82-155' and `Georgia Jet'.

scholarly journals Potassium Fertilization Stimulates Sucrose-to-Starch Conversion and Root Formation in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4826
Author(s):  
Yang Gao ◽  
Zhonghou Tang ◽  
Houqiang Xia ◽  
Minfei Sheng ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Starch Conversion ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Low K

A field experiment was established to study sweet potato growth, starch dynamic accumulation, key enzymes and gene transcription in the sucrose-to-starch conversion and their relationships under six K2O rates using Ningzishu 1 (sensitive to low-K) and Xushu 32 (tolerant to low-K). The results indicated that K application significantly improved the biomass accumulation of plant and storage root, although treatments at high levels of K, i.e., 300–375 kg K2O ha−1, significantly decreased plant biomass and storage root yield. Compared with the no-K treatment, K application enhanced the biomass accumulation of plant and storage root by 3–47% and 13–45%, respectively, through promoting the biomass accumulation rate. Additionally, K application also enhanced the photosynthetic capacity of sweet potato. In this study, low stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) accompanied with decreased intercellular CO2 concentration were observed in the no-K treatment at 35 DAT, indicating that Pn was reduced mainly due to stomatal limitation; at 55 DAT, reduced Pn in the no-K treatment was caused by non-stomatal factors. Compared with the no-K treatment, the content of sucrose, amylose and amylopectin decreased by 9–34%, 9–23% and 6–19%, respectively, but starch accumulation increased by 11–21% under K supply. The activities of sucrose synthetase (SuSy), adenosine-diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), starch synthase (SSS) and the transcription of Susy, AGP, SSS34 and SSS67 were enhanced by K application and had positive relationships with starch accumulation. Therefore, K application promoted starch accumulation and storage root yield through regulating the activities and genes transcription of SuSy, AGPase and SSS in the sucrose-to-starch conversion.

scholarly journals Effect of ZnSO4 fertilizer on soil chemical properties, performance and proximate quality of sweet potato in a derived savanna ecology of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 644-651
Author(s):  
A.O. Adekiya ◽  
C.M. Aboyeji ◽  
T.M. Agbede ◽  
O. Dunsin ◽  
O.T.V. Adebiyi
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage

Abstract Micro-nutrients especially zinc can not only increase the yield of sweet potato but can also improve the quality of tubers. Hence, experiments were carried out in 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons to determine the impact of various levels of ZnSO4 fertilizer on soil chemical properties, foliage and storage root yields and proximate qualities of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). The experiments consisted of 5 levels (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg ha-1) of ZnSO4 fertilizer. These were arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. ZnSO4 increased (with the exception of P) soil chemical properties compared with the control. N, K, Ca, Mg and Zn were increased up to the 20 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 level in both years. ZnSO4 reduced P concentrations in soil as the level increased. For sweet potato performance, 5 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 fertilizer had the highest values of foliage yield (vine length and vine weight) and storage root yield. Using the mean of the two years and compared with the control, ZnSO4 fertilizer at 5 kg ha-1 increased storage root yield of sweet potato by 17.4%. On fitting the mean storage root yield data of the two years with a cubic equation, the optimum rate of Zn for sweet potato was found to be 3.9 kg ha-1 to achieve the maximum sweet potato yield. In this study, relative to the control, ZnSO4 fertilizer increased moisture and decreased the fibre contents of sweet potato. There were no consistent patterns of variation between the 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 treatments for proximate qualities except that the highest values of fat, protein, carbohydrate and ash was at 5 kg ha-1 ZnSO4.

scholarly journals Effects of nitrogen forms on carbohydrate metabolism and storage-root formation of sweet potato

2018 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Si ◽  
Chunyu Shi ◽  
Hongjuan Liu ◽  
Xiangdong Zhan ◽  
Yongchen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Nitrogen Forms ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Sweetpotato Transplant Holding Duration Effects on Plant Survival and Yield

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Thompson ◽  
Jonathan R. Schultheis ◽  
Sushila Chaudhari ◽  
David W. Monks ◽  
Katherine M. Jennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Lower Plant

Studies were conducted in North Carolina to determine the effect of holding durations (HDs) [0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days before planting (DBP)] of ‘Covington’ sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) transplants on plant stand and storage root numbers and yield in production fields. In a second field study, the effect of preplant irrigation (PI) treatments (PI and nonirrigation) were evaluated along with the transplant HD on plant stand, storage root numbers, and yield. Transplants held for 7 DBP did not survive as well as the other treatments (lower plant stands) and had lower no. 1, marketable, and total storage root numbers and yields than other holding treatments. HD of 1 or 3 DBP resulted in higher plant stands, and no. 1, marketable, and total numbers of storage roots and yields than holding for 0, 5, or 7 DBP. This study affirms the importance of soil moisture at and shortly after planting for transplant survival and yield. Holding transplants for 1–3 DBP can improve stand establishment and yields when dry conditions occur either before or soon after planting. However, holding transplants for 7 DBP can result in reduced plant stands and yields when stress/dry conditions occur soon after planting.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PHOTOPERIOD AND TEMPERATURE REGIMES ON YIELD OF SWEET POTATOES GROWN USING THE NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE (NFT)

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 858g-858
Author(s):  
Desmond Mortley ◽  
Conrad Bonsi ◽  
Philip Loretan ◽  
Walter Hill ◽  
Edwin Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Hoagland Nutrient Solution

Hydroponic experiments using the nutrient film technique (NFT) were conducted in environmental growth chambers to evaluate the response of two sweet potato cultivars, `Georgia Jet' and `TI-155', to two photoperiod and temperature regimes. Vine cuttings of these cultivars were planted in growth channels supplied with modified half-Hoagland nutrient solution using NFT. Plants were subjected to a 24 h photoperiod or a 12:12 h light:dark photoperiod, a constant temperature of 28C or light:dark temperature of 28/22C. Plants were exposed to irradiance levels of 400 umol m-2 s-1 at canopy level and 70% RH. Storage root fresh and dry weights were increased for both cultivars under the 24 h photoperiod at the 28C constant temperature. `Georgia Jet' storage root numbers were not affected by any treatment while those for `TI-155' were reduced under continuous light for both temperature regimes. Foliage fresh and dry weights were not affected by any treatment.

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