scholarly journals Perlakuan Biologis Dengan Memanfaatkan Fungi Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pakan Ternak Asal Limbah Pertanian.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
Yanuartono - ◽  
Hary - Purnamaningsih ◽  
Soedarmanto - Indarjulianto ◽  
Alfarisa - Nururrozi ◽  
Slamet - Raharjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
By Products

ABSTRACTAn improvement in animal feeding is one of the important and basic conditions for the better management of farming of animals. It was recognized that poor quality of the feed is mainly responsible for the poor animal performance. For most farming practices, feed is an expensive component in livestock farming. Alternative feed can be obtained from agricultural by-products with huge amount around the world. The main factors limiting the utilization of agricultural by-products like paddy straw, wheat straw and corn stover are their low digestibility, low protein content and some time low palatability. However, the nutritive value of the agricultural by-products can be enhanced through their biological treatment and hence play an important role to meet nutrient requirements of the animals. Thus, an alternative approach is biological treatment especially fungi to increase digestibility of agricultural by-products. The use of white rot fungi, brown rot fungi and soft rot fungi that metabolize lignocelluloses is a potential biological treatment to improve the nutritional value of agricultural by-products. This paper aims to discuss the role of fungi in increasing the nutritional value of agricultural by-products like paddy straw, wheat straw and corn stover.Keywords: Agricultural by-products, Biological treatment, fungi, Lignocelluloses

The influence of urea and white rot fungi on the nutritional value of wheat straw

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 ◽  
pp. 59-59
Author(s):  
Y Rouzbehan ◽  
H. Fazaeli ◽  
A. Kiani
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Low Nitrogen

In Iran, wheat straw which is produced in huge amounts has been used in animal feed. However, the use of straw as animal feed is limited by its low nutritional value and its low nitrogen content. Various chemical delignification methods to improve the digestibility of straw have extensively investigated (Sundstol and Owen, 1984). Biological methods of treating straw using fungi such as white-rot-fungi have also been reported (Zadrazil, 1984). The solid state fermentation (SSF) of wheat straw with white-rot fungi is a complex process which is influenced by factors such as the species of fungus, substrate, temperature and moisture (Zadrazil, 1984). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pre-treating the straw with urea and incubation with two species of Pleurotus fungi on the chemical composition and digestibility of wheat straw.

Nutritive value index of treated wheat straw with Pleurotus fungi fed to cow

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 197-197
Author(s):  
Hassan Fazaeli ◽  
Seyed Ahmad Mirhadi
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Biological de-lignification of straw by white-rot fungi seems a promising way of improving its nutritive value. The bio-conversion of lignocellulosic materials is circumscribed to the group of white-rot fungi, of which some species of Pleurotus are capable of producing upgraded spent-straws as ruminant feed (Fazaeli et al., 2004). Treating of cereal straw with white-rot fungi as animal feed was studied by several workers (Gupta et al., 1993; Zadrazil, 1997). However, most of the trials were conducted at in vitro stage and used cell wall degradation and in vitro digestibility as an index to evaluate the biological treatments. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of fungal treatment on the voluntary intake, in vivo digestibility and nutritive value index of wheat straw obtained from short-term and long-term solid state fermentation (SSF).

The effect of three strains of Pleurotus on the in vitro dry matter digestibility and subsequent nutritive value of wheat straw to ruminant animals

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 137-137
Author(s):  
E. M. Hodgson ◽  
M. D. Hale ◽  
H. M. Omed
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Ruminant Animals

Straw constitutes a vast, valuable, and under utilised agricultural by-product, which has a great potential for utilisation as an animal feedstuff. However, due to the way in which it is constructed, the digestible sugars, cellulose and hemicelluloses, are tightly chemically bound by heavily lignified cell walls which provide the wheat plant stem with its strength and structure, but in doing so greatly inhibit the digestibility and nutritive value of the material to ruminant animals. Therefore, the utilisation of this resource as an animal feed can only be realised effectively, if the nutritional and digestibility values of the material can be improved by the innovation and successful application of an effective treatment method, be that physical, chemical or biological. Previously devised methods of upgrading the digestibility and nutritive value of forages, with the possible exception of urea treatment, have proven either insufficient, environmentally unsound, or economically infeasible to those concerned, particularly those in developing world. Therefore, there is a distinct need to develop techniques which can avoid these pitfalls and still yield the desired results in the context of animal nutrition. Previous research has indicated that members of the genus Pleurotus white rot fungi, have great potential for application in the biological upgrading of wheat straw. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate biological techniques, using 3 strains of Pleurotus fungi which may have the potential to be utilised in the biological upgrading of wheat straw.

scholarly journals Samanlarda Biyolojik Muamelelerle Lignoselüloz Kompleksin Sindirilebilirliğinin Artırılması

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (13) ◽  
pp. 1704
Author(s):  
Aydan Atalar ◽  
Nurcan Çetinkaya
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Brown Rot Fungi

The efforts to break down the lignocellulosic complex found in the cell wall of straws, besides digestible cellulose and hemicellulose by rumen fermentation, improvement of straw digestibility by the degradation of indigestible lignin fraction of complex by using of biotechnological methods is one of the focus areas of animal nutritionists in recent years. Biological method sare prefer redover other methods due to the environmental friendliness. In the biological treatment methods of lignocellulosic complex, biodiversity of bacteria, enzymes and fungi gives opportunity to select lignin degrading species. Mycobacterium, Arthrobacter and Flavobacterium genre bacteria are used to degrade lignin by bacterial treatment. Lignocellulolytic enzymes isolated from different varieties of fungi are used in enzyme treatment. There are 3 genres of fungus that are white, Brown and soft rot in fungal treatments. Brown rot fungi prefer ably attack cellulose and hemicelluloses, but not lignin. White rot fungi attack the lignin and break up lignol bonds and aromatic ring. White rot fungi break down polysaccharides with hydrolytic enzymes such as cellulase, xylanase, and lignin with oxidative ligninolytic enzymes such as lignin peroxidase and laccase. Because of the fact that the microorganisms that can break down the lignocellulosic materials are the fungi and the cost is low, the application of white rot fungi is possible. In this paper, improvement the lignocellulosic comlex digestibility of straw by biological treatment with the advantage of biodiversity is discussed.

Effects of fungal treated wheat straw on Feed intake and growth of fattening lambs

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 152-152
Author(s):  
A.R. Foroughi ◽  
A. Nikkhah
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Livestock Feed

White- rot fungi have been investigated for biological upgradation of cereal straws into livestock Feed by solid substrate fermentation (Tripathi et al. 1991). Studies showed that pleurotus sajor- cajo(PSC) grew well on wheat straw and improved nutritive value (Leng 1990), due to the presence of wide spectrum of extracellular hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes and high infiltration of the mycelium into the substrate (Kokhreidze et al,1993).The objective of this study was to examine the effect of treated wheat straw by PSC edible fungi on feed intake and daily gain of fattening male lambs.

Effect of fungal treatment on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability of wheat straw

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 166-166
Author(s):  
H. Fazaeli ◽  
A. Azizi ◽  
Z. A. M. Jelan ◽  
S. A. Mirhadi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
In Sacco Degradability ◽  
In Sacco

Fungal treatment has been recently considered as a promising method for improving the nutritive value of straw (Zadrazil et al., 1997). Several studies have been conducted to identify species of white-rot fungi for assessing their ability to improve the nutritive value of straw (Yamakamwa et al., 1992). Since there are many species of fungi in nature, there is an interest in characterising of some species. The objectives of this experiment were to study the effect of five Pleurotus fungi on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability of wheat straw and evaluate their effect in upgrading the nutritive value of lignicellulosic materials.

scholarly journals Samanlarda Biyolojik Muamelelerle Lignoselüloz Kompleksin Sindirilebilirliğinin Artırılması

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (13) ◽  
pp. 1720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aydan Atalar ◽  
Nurcan Çetinkaya
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Brown Rot Fungi

The efforts to break down the lignocellulosic complex found in the cell wall of straws, besides digestible cellulose and hemicellulose by rumen fermentation, improvement of straw digestibility by the degradation of indigestible lignin fraction of complex by using of biotechnological methods is one of the focus areas of animal nutritionists in recent years. Biological method sare prefer redover other methods due to the environmental friendliness. In the biological treatment methods of lignocellulosic complex, biodiversity of bacteria, enzymes and fungi gives opportunity to select lignin degrading species. Mycobacterium, Arthrobacter and Flavobacterium genre bacteria are used to degrade lignin by bacterial treatment. Lignocellulolytic enzymes isolated from different varieties of fungi are used in enzyme treatment. There are 3 genres of fungus that are white, Brown and soft rot in fungal treatments. Brown rot fungi prefer ably attack cellulose and hemicelluloses, but not lignin. White rot fungi attack the lignin and break up lignol bonds and aromatic ring. White rot fungi break down polysaccharides with hydrolytic enzymes such as cellulase, xylanase, and lignin with oxidative ligninolytic enzymes such as lignin peroxidase and laccase. Because of the fact that the microorganisms that can break down the lignocellulosic materials are the fungi and the cost is low, the application of white rot fungi is possible. In this paper, improvement the lignocellulosic comlex digestibility of straw by biological treatment with the advantage of biodiversity is discussed.

The Chemical composition and digestibility of wheat straw treated with urea and white rot fungi

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 123-123
Author(s):  
Y Rouzbehan ◽  
H. Fazaeli ◽  
A. Kiani
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Low Nitrogen

In Iran, wheat straw is produced in huge amount and has been used in animal feed. However, the use of straw as an animal feed is limited due to its low available energy as well as its low nitrogen content. Various chemical delignification methods to improve the digestibility of straw have extensively investigated (Sundstol and Owen, 1984). Biological methods of treating straw using fungi such as white-rot-fungi have also been reported (Zadrazil, 1984). The solid-state fermentation (SSF) of wheat straw with white-rot fungi is a complex process, which is influenced by factors such as the species of fungus, substrate, temperature and moisture (Zadrazil, 1984). Rouzbehan et al., (2000) noted that pre-treating the straw with urea and incubation with either pleurotus ostreatus or pleurotus Persian fungi has improved the digestibility of wheat straw. In this study, the effect of urea and another two species of white rot fungi on the nutritive value of wheat straw was tested.

The effectiveness of biological treatment of wheat straw by white-rot fungi

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jalč ◽  
F. Nerud ◽  
P. Siroka
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot

Lactational performance and body weight change in cows fed the fungal treated wheat straw

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 185-185
Author(s):  
H. Fazaeli ◽  
Z. A. M. Jelan ◽  
Y. Rouzbehan ◽  
H. Mahmodzadeh ◽  
B.J. Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Lactational Performance

In Iran, the availability of high quality forages is restricted. The use of wheat straw, which is accessible in a huge amount, is limited due to its low nutritional value. Recently, biological method using white-rot fungi to improve the nutritional value of straw have been reported (Zadrazil 1997). However, the data available have been obtained from in vitro works. Additionally, little information is available on the utilization of fungal treated straw fed to dairy cow. Therefore, this experiment was carried out to assess the effect of fungal treated wheat straw on the performance of lactating cows.

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