Anticancer Potential of Ethyl Acetate Extract Fractions of Ipomoea horsfalliae Hook on DMBA- Induced Breast Cancer Model

The genus Ipomoea is distributed globally and honored as the largest genus of the family Convolvulaceae. Several varieties of this family have been shown to be effective in treating various diseases, including cancer. This research aimed to explore the anticancer activity of ethyl acetate fractions of Ipomoea horsfalliae Hook (EAIH) in female Sprague-Dawley rats. 7, 12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA) was used to produce breast cancer. The Fractions were selected based on the cytotoxicity analysis in vitro, which was reported in our earlier studies. The study employed two dosages of EAIH (25 and 50 mg/kg). Biochemical, hematological, and antioxidant characteristics were investigated. A decrease in mean tumor volume and tumor weight was detected in EAIH treated groups. The blood parameters were seen as normal. In both DMBA and doxorubicin groups, malondialdehyde was increased, and the level was significantly reduced in EAIH-treated groups. The effect of catalase was shown to be diminished in the groups given DMBA and doxorubicin but normal in the EAIH groups. Nitrate and nitrite levels increased in the DMBA control groups but were normal in the others. There was less necrosis and infiltration in breast tissues treated with doxorubicin as well as in EAIH. In animals treated with EAIH, the therapeutic effect was found to be dose-dependent. The therapies helped to repair some of the altered breast patterns. The study concludes that I. horsfolliae may be a potential anticancer candidate and need to explore further.

Download Full-text

Effects of Jaeumkanghwa-tang on tamoxifen responsiveness in preclinical ER+ breast cancer model

Endocrine Related Cancer ◽

10.1530/erc-18-0393 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 339-353

Author(s):

Fabia De Oliveira Andrade ◽

Wei Yu ◽

Xiyuan Zhang ◽

Elissa Carney ◽

Rong Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Control Group ◽

Cancer Model ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

T Regulatory Cell ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Breast Cancer Model ◽

Estrogen Receptor Positive ◽

Treatment Control Group

Resistance to endocrine therapy remains a clinical challenge in the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. We investigated if adding a traditional Asian herbal mixture consisting of 12 herbs, called Jaeumkanghwa-tang (JEKHT), to tamoxifen (TAM) therapy might prevent resistance and recurrence in the ER+ breast cancer model of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-exposed Sprague–Dawley rats. Rats were divided into four groups treated as follows: 15 mg/kg TAM administered via diet as TAM citrate (TAM only); 500 mg/kg JEKHT administered via drinking water (JEKHT only group); TAM + JEKHT and no treatment control group. The study was replicated using two different batches of JEKHT. In both studies, a significantly higher proportion of ER+ mammary tumors responded to TAM if animals also were treated with JEKHT (experiment 1: 47% vs 65%, P = 0.015; experiment 2: 43% vs 77%, P < 0.001). The risk of local recurrence also was reduced (31% vs 12%, P = 0.002). JEKHT alone was mostly ineffective. In addition, JEKHT prevented the development of premalignant endometrial lesions in TAM-treated rats (20% in TAM only vs 0% in TAM + JEKHT). Co-treatment of antiestrogen-resistant LCC9 human breast cancer cells with 1.6 mg/mL JEKHT reversed their TAM resistance in dose–response studies in vitro. Several traditional herbal medicine preparations can exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and may increase anti-tumor immune activities in the tumor microenvironment. In the tumors of rats treated with both JEKHT and TAM, expression of Il-6 (P = 0.03), Foxp3/T regulatory cell (Treg) marker (P = 0.033) and Tgfβ1 that activates Tregs (P < 0.001) were significantly downregulated compared with TAM only group. These findings indicate that JEKHT may prevent TAM-induced evasion of tumor immune responses.

Download Full-text

Antiproliferative Potential of Ethyl acetate Extract of Clerodendrum thomsoniae Balf.f. on DMBA-induced Breast Cancer in Female Sprague-dawley Rats

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research ◽

10.5530/ijper.55.1.23 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 205-214

Author(s):

VK Muhammed Ashraf ◽

Kalaichelvan VK Kalaichelvan ◽

Ragunathan R Ragunathan ◽

Venkatachalam VV Venkatachalam

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

Download Full-text

Electrochemotherapy Modulates Mammary Tumor Growth in Rats on a Western Diet Supplemented with Curcumin

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines8110498 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 498

Author(s):

Raji Sundararajan ◽

Lakshya Mittal ◽

Ignacio G. Camarillo

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Western Diet ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Direct Extension ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

The Us ◽

Mammary Tumor Growth

In the US, every 12 min, six women are diagnosed with breast cancer and one dies. This highlights a critical need for developing alternate therapies using natural compounds, which are cost effective and with less side effects. Curcumin, the yellow pigment of turmeric has been found to suppress initiation, progression, and metastasis of a variety of tumors. Multiple clinical trials highlight the efficacy of curcumin in treating breast cancer and other diseases. Our in vitro studies have demonstrated that the electrical pulse (EP) application can further enhance the effectiveness of curcumin against breast cancer cells in a therapy called electrochemotherapy (ECT). In a direct extension of these results, we studied the effect of ECT coupled with intratumoral curcumin administration (EP+Cur) on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) induced mammary tumors in female Sprague Dawley rats. Beginning at the weaning and throughout the study, rats were fed either western diet (West) or western diet, supplemented with 1% curcumin (W+Cur). Our results showed that EP+Cur treatment led to a reduced growth rate in rats fed with W+Cur diet compared to West diet (57.14% vs. 16.67% in West diet). These results provide a foundation for further studies towards utilizing it in clinical practice.

Download Full-text

Pharmacological comparison of four biopolymeric natural gums as hemostatic agents for management of bleeding wounds: preliminary in vitro and in vivo results

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43094-021-00237-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Himanshu Kushwah ◽

Nidhi Sandal ◽

Meenakshi Chauhan ◽

Gaurav Mittal

Keyword(s):

Xanthan Gum ◽

Guar Gum ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Gum Tragacanth ◽

Civilian Trauma ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Cytotoxicity Studies

Abstract Background Uncontrolled bleeding is one of the primary reasons for preventable death in both civilian trauma and military battle field. This study evaluates in vitro and in vivo hemostatic potential of four biopolymeric natural gums, namely, gum tragacanth, guar gum, xanthan gum, and gum acacia. In vitro evaluation of whole blood clotting time and erythrocyte agglutination assay were carried out. In vitro cytotoxicity studies with respect to each gum were done in human lymphocytes to ascertain percent cell viability. In vivo hemostatic potential of each gum (as sponge dressing and powder form) was evaluated in Sprague Dawley rats using tail bleeding assay and compared with commercially available hemostatic sponge. Other important parameters like (a) time taken for complete hemostasis, (b) amount of blood absorbed, (c) adherence strength of developed hemostatic dressing(s), (d) incidence of re-bleeding, and (e) survival of animals were also studied. Results Of the four test gums studied, xanthan gum (@3mg/ml of blood) and gum tragacanth (@35mg/ml of blood) were able to clot blood in least time (58.75±6.408 s and 59.00±2.082 s, respectively) and exhibited very good hemostatic potential in vitro. Except for xanthan gum, all other test gums did not exhibit any significant cytotoxicity at different time points till 24 h. In rat tail bleeding experiments, gum tragacanth sponge dressing and powder achieved hemostasis in least time (156.2±12.86 s and 76±12.55 s, respectively) and much earlier than commercially available product (333.3±38.84 s; p˂0.01). Conclusion Results indicate potential of gum tragacanth to be developed into a suitable hemostatic product.

Download Full-text

Oncogenic UBE3C promotes breast cancer progression by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Cancer Cell International ◽

10.1186/s12935-020-01733-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chen Hang ◽

Shanojie Zhao ◽

Tiejun Wang ◽

Yan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Nuclear Accumulation ◽

Migration And Invasion ◽

Ubiquitin Protein Ligase ◽

Novel Target ◽

First Time ◽

Breast Tissues

Abstract Background Breast cancer (BrCa) is the most common female malignancy worldwide and has the highest morbidity among all cancers in females. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of BrCa growth and metastasis, which lead to a poor prognosis in BrCa patients, have not been well characterized. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on a BrCa tissue microarray (TMA) containing 80 samples to evaluate ubiquitin protein ligase E3C (UBE3C) expression. In addition, a series of cellular experiments were conducted to reveal the role of UBE3C in BrCa. Results In this research, we identified UBE3C as an oncogenic factor in BrCa growth and metastasis for the first time. UBE3C expression was upregulated in BrCa tissues compared with adjacent breast tissues. BrCa patients with high nuclear UBE3C expression in tumors showed remarkably worse overall survival (OS) than those with low nuclear expression. Knockdown of UBE3C expression in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 BrCa cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, while overexpression of UBE3C in these cells exerted the opposite effects. Moreover, UBE3C promoted β-catenin nuclear accumulation, leading to the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in BrCa cells. Conclusion Collectively, these results imply that UBE3C plays crucial roles in BrCa development and progression and that UBE3C may be a novel target for the prevention and treatment of BrCa.

Download Full-text

Bioavailability in Vivo of Benzo[a]Pyrene Adsorbed to Diesel Particulate

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/074823379100700302 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 125-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

David R. Bevan ◽

David M. Ruggio

Keyword(s):

Health Risks ◽

Quantitative Description ◽

Intratracheal Instillation ◽

Direct Analysis ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Reasonable Estimate ◽

Diesel Particulate ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

To evaluate health risks associated with exposure to particulates in the environment, it is necessary to quantify the bioavailability of carcinogens associated with the particulates. Direct analysis of bioavailability in vivo is most readily accomplished by adsorbing a radiolabeled form of the carcinogen to the particulate. A sam ple of native diesel particulate collected from an Oldsmobile die sel engine that contained 1.03 μ g benzo[ a] pyrene ( BaP)/ g particulate was supplemented with exogenous [ 3 H]- BaP to pro duce a particulate containing 2.62 μ g BaP/g. To insure that elu tion of BaP from native and [3 H] -BaP-supplemented particulate was similar, in vitro analyses were performed. When using phos pholipid vesicles composed of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), 1.52% of total BaP was eluted from native particulate into the vesicles in 18 hrs; from [ 3 H] -BaP supplemented particu late, 1.68% was eluted. Using toluene as eluent, 2.55% was eluted from native particulate, and 8.25% from supplemented particulate, in 6 hrs. Supplemented particulate was then instilled intratracheally into male Sprague-Dawley rats and distribution of radioactivity was analyzed at selected times over 3 days. About 50% of radioactivity remained in lungs at 3 days following instil lation, with 30% being excreted into feces and the remainder dis tributed throughout the organs of the rats. To estimate the amount of radioactivity that entered feces through swallowing of a portion of the instilled dose, [3 H] -BaP-supplemented particu late was instilled intratracheally into rats that had a cannula sur gically implanted in the bile duct. Rate of elimination of radio activity into bile was monitored; 10.6% of radioactivity was re covered in 6 hr, an amount slightly lower than the 12.8% ex creted in 6 hrs into feces of animals with intact bile ducts. Our studies provide a quantitative description of the distribution of BaP and its metabolites following intratracheal instillation of diesel particulate. Because rates of elution of BaP in vitro are similar for native diesel particulate and particulate with supple mental [ 3H] -BaP, our results provide a reasonable estimate of the bioavailability in vivo of BaP associated with diesel particu late.

Download Full-text

Safety Assessment of a Hydroethanolic Extract of Caralluma fimbriata

International Journal of Toxicology ◽

10.1177/1091581813492827 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 385-394 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Antoinette Y. Odendaal ◽

Narendra S. Deshmukh ◽

Tennille K. Marx ◽

Alexander G. Schauss ◽

John R. Endres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Developmental Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Developmental Study ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Oral Toxicity ◽

Toxicological Assessment ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Chromosomal Aberration Test ◽

Hydroethanolic Extract

This toxicological assessment evaluated the safety of a hydroethanolic extract prepared from Caralluma fimbriata (CFE), a dietary supplement marketed worldwide as an appetite suppressant. Studies included 2 in vitro genotoxicity assays, a repeated dose oral toxicity study, and a developmental study in rats. No evidence of in vitro mutagenicity or clastogenicity surfaced in the in vitro studies at concentrations up to 5000 μg of extract/plate (Ames test) or 5000 μg of extract/mL (chromosomal aberration test). No deaths or treatment-related toxicity were seen in the 6-month chronic oral toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats conducted at 3 doses (100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg body weight (bw)/d). The no observed effect level for CFE in this study was considered to be 1000 mg/kg bw/d. A prenatal developmental toxicity study conducted at 3 doses (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg bw/d) in female Sprague-Dawley rats resulted in no treatment-related external, visceral, or skeletal fetal abnormalities, and no treatment-related maternal or pregnancy alterations were seen at and up to the maximum dose tested. CFE was not associated with any toxicity or adverse events.

Download Full-text

Exploration of anti-breast cancer effects of Terminalia chebula extract on DMBA-induced mammary carcinoma in Sprague Dawley rats

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43094-020-00124-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Deena Priscilla Henry ◽

Jasmine Ranjan ◽

Rajesh Kumar Murugan ◽

Annapoorani Sivanantham ◽

Manikandan Alagumuthu

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Plant Extract ◽

Mammary Carcinoma ◽

Future Perspective ◽

Terminalia Chebula ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Analytical Technique ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Mcf 7

Abstract Background Plant extracts are effectively acting as the natural medicinal cocktail, non-side effective, efficacious, and freely available. The present study aimed to unveil the pharmacological and medicinal effects of Terminalia chebula plant extract in 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinoma in Sprague Dawley rats. The plant extract obtained was subjected to in vivo antioxidant and anticancer studies in various concentrations after an analytical technique such as FTIR, GCMS, and HPLC-based chemo-profiling in Sprague Dawley rats. Results Apart from the antiproliferative effect on breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and normal breast epithelial cells (MCF-10a), we have measured the changes in body weight, along with other tumor parameters such as tumor volume, tumor incidence, tumor weight, tumor burden, serum biochemical parameters, and histopathological findings of breast tissue. As the oxidative stress further enhances the development of cancer, the antioxidant property of the plant extract demonstrates its use against cancer treatment. One hundred fifty milligrams per milliliter (IC50 250 μg/mL) concentration of the ethanolic extract was vital for the proliferation of MCF-7 cell lines (Fig. 7a). Meanwhile, 300 μg/mL (IC50 150 μg/mL) was an effective dose to attain a maximum HDAC inhibition of 78%. Also, the normal liver and kidney functioning revealed the non-toxicity nature of the plant. Conclusion Terminalia chebula could be one of the effective naturally obtained anti-breast cancer medications. Isolation and characterization of individual bioactive compounds of T. chebula would be the future perspective.

Download Full-text