scholarly journals Comparative study of yield, intake, chemical composition and nutritive values of gama (Avena sativa) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) forages

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
MN Islam ◽  
MR Alam ◽  
AKMA Kabir ◽  
NG Das ◽  
MM Khanduker
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Tripsacum Dactyloides ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Better Than

An experiment was conducted to compare the yield, composition and nutrient digestibility of gama (Tripsacum dactyloides), oat (Avena sativa) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) forages. Three fodders were cultivated and a metabolism trial was conducted with 3 indigenous sheep in a 3 × 3 Latin Square Design (LSD) for determination of nutrient digestibility. The fresh yield of gama was higher (P<0.05) than that of oat and sorghum. The yield of DM in gama and sorghum was similar and significantly higher (P<0.01) than oat. No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in DM, OM, CP, NDF and ADF contents among the gama, oat and sorghum forages. The average DM and OM intake in sheep fed sorghum was higher (P<0.05) than that of oat or gama. Sheep fed sorghum or oat showed significantly (P<0.01) higher CP intake than gama. Average NDF and ADF intake was higher (P<0.05) in sheep fed sorghum followed by oat or gama, respectively. The DM digestibility of different forages was found non-significant (P>0.05). The OM digestibility of sorghum was found to be higher (P<0.05) compared to oat or gama. Digestibility of CP was significant (P<0.01) higher sorghum than oat (37 %) or gama (36 %). Higher NDF and ADF digestibility (P<0.05) were found in sorghum and oat, respectively than gama. It was concluded that sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is better than gama (Tripsacum dactyloides) and oat (Avena sativa) forages. Key words: Gama; Oat; Sorghum; Digestibility DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v39i1-2.9678 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2010, 39(1&2): 67-74

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Bioavailability of Zinc and Iron in Kunu-Zaki, a Nigerian Traditional Beverage

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Chidi U. Igwe ◽  
Chiedozie O. Ibegbulem ◽  
Linus A. Nwaogu ◽  
Cosmas O. Ujowundu ◽  
A. Chinedu Ene
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Sorghum Grains ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
High Bioavailability ◽  
Phytochemical Contents ◽  
Better Than

The effect of processing (germination and fermentation) on the chemical composition (proximate, mineral and phytochemical contents) of a Nigerian traditional beverage, kunu-zaki made from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) grains with the addition of sweet potato (Ipomoneabatatas) paste were studied. The bioavailability of Zn and Fe in the beverage were also assessed using phytate, Zn, Ca and Fe molar ratios. Processing of sorghum into kunu-zaki significantly (p<0.05) increased its ash (26.32 %), Na (21.28 %), Ca (20.59 %), Fe (21.62 %), Zn (13.43 %), flavonoids (11.11 %) and alkaloids (30.00 %) contents, but decreased its protein (-43.75 %), fiber (-28.57 %), phenols (-43.80 %), saponin (-62.6 7%), tannin (-43.80 %), oxalate (-33.33 %) and phytate (-60.27 %) contents. Addition of sweet potato paste to kunu-zaki apparently aided in enhancing its chemical composition. The combination of germination and fermentation as processing techniques were better than germination alone in significantly (p<0.05) improving the bioavailability of Fe and Zn, and reducing the anti-nutrient content of kunu-zaki, in comparison with both raw and germinated sorghum grains. In conclusion, the kunu-zaki had low contents of protein and fiber, adequate arrays of other functional nutrients and potentially high bioavailability of Fe and Zn.

Time and Latitude in South Africa

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
J. Hers
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Astronomical Determination ◽  
Limited Accuracy ◽  
Better Than

In South Africa the modern outlook towards time may be said to have started in 1948. Both the two major observatories, The Royal Observatory in Cape Town and the Union Observatory (now known as the Republic Observatory) in Johannesburg had, of course, been involved in the astronomical determination of time almost from their inception, and the Johannesburg Observatory has been responsible for the official time of South Africa since 1908. However the pendulum clocks then in use could not be relied on to provide an accuracy better than about 1/10 second, which was of the same order as that of the astronomical observations. It is doubtful if much use was made of even this limited accuracy outside the two observatories, and although there may – occasionally have been a demand for more accurate time, it was certainly not voiced.

Preparation of graft copolymers by the reaction of polymeric acyl chlorides with monohydroxy-terminated polymers: An introductory study

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1735-1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitka Horská ◽  
Jaroslav Stejskal ◽  
Pavel Kratochvíl ◽  
Aubrey D. Jenkins ◽  
Eugenia Tsartolia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Graft Copolymers ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Gel Formation ◽  
Acyl Chlorides ◽  
Molecular Weights

An attempt was made to prepare well-defined graft copolymers by the coupling reaction between acyl chloride groups located along the backbone chain and monohydroxy-terminated grafts prepared separately. The molecular weights and the parameters of heterogeneity in chemical composition of the products were determined by light scattering and osmometry. The determination of molecular characteristics revealed that the degree of grafting was low. The results therefore could not be confronted with a statistical model at this stage. The problems encountered in the synthesis, e.g., gel formation, and the data relating to the soluble products are discussed.

Determination of trace concentrations of copper by FIA-FAAS after preconcentration on chelating sorbents

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1785-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlastimil Kubáň ◽  
Josef Komárek ◽  
Zbyněk Zdráhal
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Frequency ◽  
Copper Determination ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Sample Injection ◽  
Injection Flow ◽  
Chelating Sorbents ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Trace Concentrations ◽  
Better Than

A FIA-FAAS apparatus containing a six-channel sorption equipment with five 3 x 26 mm microcolumns packed with Spheron Oxin 1 000, Ostsorb Oxin and Ostsorb DTTA was set up. Combined with sorption from 0.002M acetate buffer at pH 4.2 and desorption with 2M-HCl, copper can be determined at concentrations up to 100, 150 and 200 μg l-1, respectively. For sample and eluent flow rates of 5.0 and 4.0 ml min-1, respectively, and a sample injection time of 5 min, the limit of copper determination is LQ = 0.3 μg l-1, repeatability sr is better than 2% and recovery is R = 100 ± 2%. The enrichment factor is on the order of 102 and is a linear function of time (volume) of sample injection up to 5 min and of the sample injection flow rate up to 11 ml min-1 for Spheron Oxin 1 000 and Ostsorb DTTA. For times of sorption of 60 and 300 s, the sampling frequency is 70 and 35 samples/h, respectively. The parameters of the FIA-FAAS determination (acetylene-air flame) are comparable to or better than those achieved by ETA AAS. The method was applied to the determination of traces of copper in high-purity water.

scholarly journals 172 Increasing inclusion of fermentable fiber decreases nutrient digestibility in grower pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 85-85
Author(s):  
Charlotte Heyer ◽  
L F Wang ◽  
R T Zijlstra
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Acacia Gum ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Total P

Abstract Fermentable fiber may increase endogenous losses of P and AA, thereby reducing apparent nutrient digestibility. Acacia gum fiber with medium-to-high fermentability and low viscosity was used to investigate its effect on apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, and standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in grower pigs. A P-free basal diet (49% corn starch; 18% bovine plasma protein) was formulated to measure basal endogenous P losses (EPL). Three diets were formulated to include 2.5, 5.0, or 7.5% acacia gum fiber at the expense of corn starch in the P-free basal diet. Diets contained 16.1–17.4% CP and 0.31–0.33% total P (DM-basis). The 4 diets were fed to 8 ileal-cannulated barrows (initial BW, 54.6 kg) for four 9-d periods in a double 4 × 4 Latin square. Apparent hindgut fermentation (AHF) was ATTD minus AID. Increasing inclusion of acacia gum quadratically decreased (P &lt; 0.01) AID of DM (∆ 11.1%), linearly decreased (P &lt; 0.05) ATTD of DM (∆ 1.7%) CP (∆ 1.2%), and quadratically increased (P &lt; 0.05) AHF of DM (∆ 9.4%). Basal EPL were 391 and 377 mg/kg DM intake (DMI) for ileum and total tract, respectively. Increasing inclusion of fiber linearly increased (P &lt; 0.05) ileal EPL (∆ 184 mg/kg DMI), and tended to linearly increase (P &lt; 0.10) EPL for total tract (∆ 243 mg/kg DMI). Dietary inclusion of acacia gum tended to linearly decrease (P &lt; 0.10) AID of P, but did not affect (P &gt; 0.10) ATTD, or STTD of P. In conclusion, increasing inclusion of fermentable, low viscous acacia gum fiber decreased diet digestibility of DM and ATTD of CP, but did not affect total tract P digestibility, indicating that increasing fermentable fiber did not increase specific endogenous losses of P in the total tract.

scholarly journals Measuring the quartic Higgs self-coupling at a multi-TeV muon collider

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chiesa ◽  
F. Maltoni ◽  
L. Mantani ◽  
B. Mele ◽  
F. Piccinini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Mass Energy ◽  
Simple Analysis ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Coupling Interaction ◽  
Center Of Mass Energy ◽  
Muon Collider ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Measuring the shape of the Higgs boson potential is of paramount importance, and will be a challenging task at current as well as future colliders. While the expectations for the measurement of the trilinear Higgs self-coupling are rather promising, an accurate measurement of the quartic self-coupling interaction is presently considered extremely challenging even at a future 100 TeV proton-proton collider. In this work we explore the sensitivity that a muon collider with a center of mass energy in the multi-TeV range and luminosities of the order of 1035cm−2s−1, as presently under discussion, might provide, thanks to a rather large three Higgs-boson production and to a limited background. By performing a first and simple analysis, we find a clear indication that a muon collider could provide a determination of the quartic Higgs self-coupling that is significantly better than what is currently considered attainable at other future colliders.

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