scholarly journals Gene Effects and Heritability for Yield Traits in Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-465
Author(s):  
Ravindra Kumar ◽  
K Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Selection For

Generation mean analysis is a key determinant in designing the appropriate breeding approaches for implementing new desirable character/s in crop varieties and also in studying inheritance of quantitative traits. Parents, F1, F2 and backcrosses exhibited significant digenic interactions in the majority of cross combinations in tomato. Cross combinations and characters indicated the adequacy of simple additive dominance for 50% flowering (CO3 х Floradade, Pant T3 х Azad T5), branches/plant and plant height (CO3 х Floradade, Pant T3 х Kashi Sharad), and fruit/cluster (CO3 х Floradade) indicating absence of non-allelic interactions. Duplicate type of epistasis occurred for 50% flowering (CO3 х Floradade, Kashi Amrit х Kashi Sharad), branches/plant (CO3 х Floradade, Kashi Amrit х Kashi Sharad, Pant T3 х Kashi Sharad), plant height (CO3 х Floradade, Pant T3 х Kashi Sharad), fruit/plant (CO3 х Floradade, Pant T3 х Azad T5, Kashi Amrit х Kashi Sharad, Pant T3 х Kashi Sharad), fruit weight (CO3 х Floradade, Pant T3 х Azad T5), fruit/cluster (Kashi Amrit х Kashi Sharad, Pant T3 х Kashi Sharad), yield/plant (CO3 х Floradade, Punjab Upma х Azad T5, Pant T3 х Kashi Sharad) indicating selection strength should be lenient in the earlier and rapid in later generations because advancement should be through selection. Characters governed by additive components were predominant in fruit/plant and plant height, indicating direct selection for improvement of these traits. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 453-465, 2021 (September)

scholarly journals Analysis of Quantitative Traits and Estimation of Heritability in Early Generations of a Single Cross in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Thuy Hang Thi Vu ◽  
Hoa Dinh Vu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Selection For ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Genetic variability and heritability of quantitative traits, particularly of yield contributing traits, are of great importance in understanding phenotypic variation and the heritable portion of the variation when making selection choices. In the present study, the heritability for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height at maturity, total number of pods per plant, number-filled pods per plant, 100-seed weight, and grain yield per plant were estimated by variance components from variance analysis of parents and F2 and F2:3 progeny families derived from a single cross. Heritability estimates were high for days to 50% flowering and 100-seed weight, moderate for the number of pods per plant and number of filled pods per plant, and low for seed weight per plant. These results suggested that in the early segregating generations, direct selection for seed size, plant height, and a number of pods per plant might be more efficient than the direct selection for seed yield.

scholarly journals GENERATION MEAN ANALYSIS USING GENERATION VARIANCE IN DURUM WHEAT TRAITS (Triticum durum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1308-1313
Author(s):  
H. S. Ali Askander
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Engineering Sciences

The present investigation was conducted to estimate the gene action effects in some traits of durum wheat by using crosses two generation of wheat (Albit-9 X omgenil-3) through generation mean analysis during growing season 2016-2017, at Field Crops Department, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok. The analysis of variance showed significant differences between generations mean for studied traits except spike length which did not significant. The mean value of F1 generation was higher than the respect parents (P1 and P2) F2, Bc1 and Bc2 for most of studied traits in wheat crosses. The results of gene effect shown that the dominance gene effects were significant and positive with all studied traits, whereas additive gene effect did not significant for all traits except plant height and number of grain per spike, also The results exhibited that the dominance and additive X additive variance was positive for all traits this mean complementary gene effect controlling these traits, regarding of broad and narrow sense heritability. The results indicate that broad sense value was more than the narrow sense heritability. Heterosis in F1 cross over mid parents was recorded a positive value (9.672, 8.112) for plant height and grain yield per plant, while inbreeding depression was measured as reduction in performance of F2 generation a positive results were obtained for all traits.   

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in F2 Segregating Population in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (.1-.4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopinath P ◽  
◽  
Irene Vethamoni P
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Pericarp Thickness

Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for fifteen yield contributing traits were studied in F2 population obtained from the cross of Arka Vikas × EC 519809. The study indicated that existence of considerable amount of genetic variability for all the characters studied. The characters viz., fruit yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, number of primary branches, total phenol and pericarp thickness exhibited higher values of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation. Whereas, fruit yield per plant, individual fruit weight, pericarp thickness and number of primary branches per plant exhibited high estimates of heritability and genetic advance for yield per plant and average fruit weight. These characters can be effectively improved through selection. Correlation indicated that yield was significantly and positively associated with plant height, number of flowers per cluster, percent fruit set, fruit length, fruit diameter, individual fruit weight and number of fruits per plant. Number of fruits per cluster and number of fruits per plant showed the highest positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant. Direct selection may be executed considering these traits as the main selection criteria to reduce indirect effect of other characters during development of high yielding tomato variety.

scholarly journals 152 GENETIC ANALYSIS OF CUCUMBER QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN THE PARENTS AND THEIR F1 DIALLEL ANALYSIS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 450e-450
Author(s):  
Seif H. Gad El-Hak ◽  
Saved. H. Mahmoud ◽  
Mohamed A.. Abobakr ◽  
Ragab M. Alv
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Diallel Crosses ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Cucumber Yield

Five lines of cucumber and their 10 F1 diallel crosses were statistically and graphically analyzed to evaluate their performance for eight quantitative traits. Additive and non-additive gene effects were involved in the inheritance of all traits. The variances due ro GCA and SCA effects were highly significant for all traits, but the GCA effect was much greater than SCA except In the case of plant height. The cucumber “TMG-1” and “Yomaki” genotypes were superior for GCA as well as SCA for early and total yields per plant, respectively. Therefore, they can be involved in hybrid programs improvement for cucumber yield under similar conditions.

scholarly journals Optimization of Boron and Zinc on the Growth and Yield Parameters of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Nalanda District

2021 ◽  
pp. 262-268
Author(s):  
U. N. Umesh ◽  
Kumari Vibha Rani ◽  
Jyoti Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Number Of Branches

The field experiment was carried out to overcome the poor growth and yield of tomato due to imbalance use of fertilizer and micronutrient deficiency. The objective to conduct this experiment was soil application of micronutrients alongwith nitrogen, phosphorus and potash for growth and yield enhancement. The maximum 90.39 cm plant height,the heighest 14.38 number of branches,the maximum 29.50 number of fruits per plant, heighest fruir weight per plant 2.46 kg per plant with yield of 518.25 quintal per heactare in case of technology option three application of 120.80.80 kg N:P:K ha-1 alongwith 10kg zinc and 1 kg boron per hectare as basal dose in comparision to other treatments. The lowest 80.45 cm plant height, least number of branches per plant 8.13,lesser number of fruit per plant 24.13, least fruit weight 2.18 kgper plant with minimum yield of 450.50 quintal per hectare was recorded in control.

scholarly journals Influence of different options of intra-varietal pollination on seed productivity and economic values of sweet pepper

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Luba Pylypenko ◽  
Roman Krutko ◽  
Oksana Shabetya
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
Pepper Plants

The use of intra-varietal crossing is an important element to increase seed yield and improve a variety. The aim of the research was to identify the influence of different options of intra-varietal pollination of sweet pepper on seed productivity and other quantitative traits. It has been established, that re-pollination of sweet pepper within the variety in relation to self-pollination causes a reduction in the offspring of the period before fruit ripening by 3–7 days. For all options of pollination, there was also a significant increase in plant height by 7–8 cm, fruit weight by 7–16 g, the number of fruits on a plant by 2–6 units. Different methods of re-pollination of plants significantly affected fruit productivity, increasing it by 62–106 %, increased seed yield from one fruit by 28 %. Seed productivity of sweet pepper plants increased by 78–163 % when re-pollination was used. Options of using the pollen of different flowers (from 2–5 other plants) showed the greatest effect. This technique is one way to increase the yield of sweet pepper seeds

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Genotypes for Morphological, Qualitative and Biochemical Traits for Protected Cultivation

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Anuradha Sinha ◽  
Paramveer Singh ◽  
Ajay Bhardwaj ◽  
Randhir Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Protected Cultivation ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Lycopene Content ◽  
Polar Diameter ◽  
Pericarp Thickness ◽  
Β Carotene

Fourteen genotypes of tomato collected from different sources were evaluated inside naturally ventilated polyhouse at Polyhouse Complex, Department of Horticulture (Vegetable and floriculture), BAU, Sabour, Bhagalpur during 2018-2019. The experiment was laid out in RBD with three replications. Data from analysis of variance depicted that mean sum of squares of all genotypes were highly significant for all traits under study except titratable acidity and β-carotene which indicated the existence of ample genetic variability among the genotypes. Genotype NS 4266 had least days to first flowering, days fifty percent flowering, lowest number of locules, highest plant height at 60 DAT along with maximum β- carotene & lycopene content; TODINDVAR-8 had lowest number of nodes to first flower and maximum average fruit weight; Palam Tomato Hybrid-1 displayed maximum no. of flower per truss; Heemshikhar had lowest no. of days to first fruiting; TODINDVAR-5 had highest no. of fruit per truss; Arka Abha showed earliest days to first picking; San Marzano had maximum polar diameter and plant height at final stage of harvesting; TODINDVAR-6 show maximum equatorial diameter and lowest titratable acidity; Arka Samrat had maximum pericarp thickness; Hawaii 7998 was observed with maximum no. of fruit per plant; Arka Vikas had maximum TSS content. However, Pant Polyhouse Tomato-2 contained maximum ascorbic acid. Different types of fruit shapes viz. flat round, oval, round, heart shaped, cylindrical and fruit colour viz. red, pink, yellow-orange was exhibited by various genotypes. All the genotype displayed the absence of green shoulder on fruit except San Marzano. Three genotypes namely Palam Tomato Hybrid-1 (5.72 kg/plant), Heemshikhar (4.85 kg/plant) and NS 4266 (4.82 kg/plant) was identified for higher yield among all the genotypes.

scholarly journals Selection criteria for yield in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

1970 ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Maysoun M. Saleh, Ossama Muhra ◽  
Zaeda Alsayd Suliman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Final Yield ◽  
Positive Significant Correlation

Nineteen  genotypes of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) were collected from different places in Syria for evaluating the selection criteria for yield parameters. Yield traits (days to 50% flowering, days to flower setting, days to maturity, plant height/cm at flowering stage, fruit weight/g, number of harvested plants and fruit yield per genotype/kg) were recorded  in order to study the traits relations and to their direct and indirect effects via other traits on eggplant yield. Results showed that both plant height and number of harvested plants together with other morphological parameters had positive significant correlation with yield parameters, so it can be taken as selection criteria to increase final yield of eggplant.

scholarly journals Variability and inter relationship studies in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
MZ Ullah ◽  
L Hassan ◽  
Sonia Binte Shahid ◽  
AK Patwary
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Locule Number ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Fruit Diameter

Twenty parental genotypes of tomato were planted and observed of yield and yield attributing traits to measure genetic variability, character association and path coefficient analysis. Parent TM 371 ranked first with respect to yield (4.73 kg fruit yield per plant) followed by TM 390. In terms of average fruit weight TM 390 also was better performer. Analysis of variance for each trait showed significant differences among the genotypes. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for fruits per plant, locule number per fruit and fruit yield per plant. Heritability was observed high for flowers per cluster, fruits per plant, fruit weight and fruit length. fruit per plant (52.30), followed by fruit weight (46.32).High heritability associated with high genetic advance was observed for fruits per plant (52.30) and fruit weight (46.32) and flower per cluster (33.50). Selection for such traits might be effective for the fruit yield improvement of tomato. Significant positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation was observed of fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit diameter and locule number per fruit with fruit yield per plant indicated that selection strategies must be focus on these traits. Fruit diameter showed the highest positive direct effect (3.25) on fruit yield per plant followed by fruits per plant (1.54). Direct selection may be executed considering these traits as the main selection criteria to reduce indirect effect of the other characters during the development of high yielding tomato variety.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 65-69, June 2015

scholarly journals Inbreeding depression in maize populations of reduced size

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Alonso Astete Maldonado ◽  
José Branco de Miranda Filho
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Common System ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Ear Height

Inbreeding is a well known phenomenon in living beings and its immediate consequence is the decrease in the expression of quantitative traits, known as inbreeding depression. Selfing is the most common system of inbreeding in plant species; however, little has been studied with other less severe inbreeding systems, such that resulting from small population sizes. The present work consisted of the study of the inbreeding effect on quantitative traits as a consequence of reduced population size under panmixy. Three maize (Zea mays L.) populations were used in this study: P1 -- ITA, population derived from the variety IAC-Taiúba; P2 -- represented by 30 subpopulations already submmited to reduced size (N = 5); and P3 - population derived from the interpopulation cross ESALQ-PB2 x ESALQ-PB3. The subpopulations and the respective parental populations were evaluated in six experiments using completely randomized blocks with four replications in Piracicaba (SP) and Anhembi (SP), Brazil, from 1997 to 1999. Estimates of inbreeding depression and components of means were obtained for the two generations in the three populations for the following traits: plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, and yield traits (total ear weight and total grain weight). In all populations and for all traits and sampling generations, means of subpopulations were always smaller than mean of the base populations, however the inbreeding depression levels were smaller than expected. The highest inbreeding depression was exhibited by the yield traits, while a very small depressive effect was observed for plant height and ear height in the first generation of reduced size in populations P1 and P3. The component A (expected mean of a random sample of completely homozygous lines) was always higher than d (contribution of the heterozygotes to the mean) for all traits and populations.

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