scholarly journals Seasonal variation of bacterial load in river and lake waters of Dhaka city, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Md Suprio Sadat Sikdar ◽  
Maruf Abony ◽  
Tamanna Zerin ◽  
Avijit Banik ◽  
Suvamoy Datta
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Analysis Of Waters

Surface water is often contaminated due to human excreta and urban and industrial pollution. The increased population growth and industrialization are likely to exacerbate the situation. Microbiological analysis of waters from rivers (Turag and Buriganga) and lakes (Banani and Dhanmondi) around Dhaka city were conducted for Spring, Monsoon and Fall seasons of the year, 2016 and 2017. Total Viable Count (TVC), Total Coliform Count (TCC), Total Fecal Coliform Count (TFCC) and Total Salmonella Shigella Count (TSSC) were conducted to obtain bacterial load in both enriched and without enrichment water samples. All the Isolates were identified by microscopy, cultural characteristics and biochemical methods. Most of the water reservoirs have a decline in the bacterial load in monsoon where the microbial load of pathogens is highest during spring. Without enrichment, E. coli, Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp. and S. aureus were abundant, where others like Shigella sp., Proteus sp., Serratia sp., Pseudomonas sp., Acinetobacter sp., and Alcaligenes faecalis mostly exhibited growth following enrichment. Results indicate that pathogenic environmental isolates can cause serious health issue if water is left untreated or poorly treated from reservoirs within and around Dhaka city. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 35 Number 2 December 2018, pp 116-121

scholarly journals Comparative microbiological analysis of raw fishes and sun-dried fishes collected from the Kawran bazaar in Dhaka city, Bangladesh

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 846-851
Author(s):  
I.T. Nur ◽  
B. Ghosh ◽  
M. Acharjee
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Coliform Count

Along with the raw fishes, dry fishes also have a huge contribution to meet up the demand of protein in our daily meal. The assay of microbiological quality is therefore needed to ensure the public health safety. The present study was emphasized on the existence of pathogenic bacteria in raw and dry fish. A total of 50 samples of raw fishes and sun-dried fishes was accumulated aseptically for microbiological quality analysis. Isolation of bacteria was done by spread plate method. All the samples including both (raw and dry) fishes harbored bacteria and fungi up to 106 CFU/g. E. coli was found in all samples as a specific pathogen. In case of raw fishes total viable count (TVC) and total coliform count (E. coli) were recorded up to 2.5x106 CFU/g and 5.2 x104 CFU/g respectively whereas a significant load of Salmonella spp. was observed in almost all samples. Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were present up to 5 x102 CFU/g and 1.8 x 102 CFU/g respectively. Likewise, total viable count (TVC), total coliform count (E. coli) and fungal load were recorded in dry fish up 3.50 x 105 CFU/g, 1.2 x103 CFU/g respectively. Fungal growth was observed in all experimental raw and dried fishes. For most of the pathogenic isolates, higher rates of resistance were found against Ceftriaxone, Penicillin, Nalidixic acid, Neomycin. On the other hand, most of the isolates were found to retain higher sensitivity against Imipenem, Ciprofloxacin, Tetracyclin and Amoxicillin. This data suggested that the dry fish harbored fewer bacteria than raw fish and sun drying method is still a useful technique for the preservation of fish.

scholarly journals Effect of Antibacterial Agents on the Microbial Flora of Some Fruits and Vegetables.

2020 ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Omorodion Nnenna ◽  
Oriji Gift
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Six samples of fruits (apple, banana, mango, orange, pineapple and watermelon) and six samples of vegetables (cabbage, carrot, cucumber, lettuce, potato and tomato) were purchased from wokem market in Choba town PH, Rivers State and microbiological analysis were carried out these fruits and vegetables samples and the effects of the antimicrobial agents (Ethanol and Hydrogen peroxide) on the microbial load. The Total viable count, Total coliform count and Escherichia count were determined via standard microbiological methods. The Total viable count ranged from 4.1x10106 to 1.0x107 cfu/g Total coliform count from 4.5x107 to 1.5x106 cfu/g nd the E.coli count ranged from 5.1x102 to 1.0x102 cfu/g. The Total viable count for apple ranged between to 5.1 x107 to 2.07x109 , Cabbage 1.45x109 to 4.9x107 , banana 1.10x109 to 5.9x107 , cucumber 1.82x108 to 6.0x107. The microorganisms isolated were Escherichia coli 42%, Staphylococcus aureus 30%, Pseudomonas spp 18%, Bacillus spp,6% and Serratia spp, 2%. Hydrogen perioxide had a high pathogen reduction rate than ethanol.The isolation of E coli and other pathogenic microorganisms indicates the presences of faecal contamination and the poor hygienic production, storage and transport system. Fruits and vegetables should be properly handled from their seeds planted in the farm to the matured ones sold in the market

scholarly journals Microbial occurrence at different freezing duration in speckled shrimp, Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius, 1798) from local markets of Dhaka city

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Md Anisur Rahman Khan ◽  
Tamanna Yasmin ◽  
Saima Sharif Nilla ◽  
Md Mahmudur Rahman Khan ◽  
Naziza Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Metapenaeus Monoceros ◽  
Significant Difference

A study was carried out at four different (0, 1, 7 and 30 days) freezing durations in regard to the microbiological incidence in speckled shrimp (Metapenaeus monoceros) from three different local markets - Ananda bazaar, New Market and Polashi bazaar of Dhaka city. The study unveiled that Ananda bazaar samples were more or less contaminated than those of others. The microbial load varied with market sources as total bacteria count (TBC), total coliform count (TCC) and faecal coliform count (FCC) were found in all the storage periods crossing the acceptable limit. Except for E. coli (EC), all the bacterial counts were significantly different (p < 0.05) in 7 and 30 days freezing durations. A significant difference (p < 0.05) was found in all freezing durations only for EC counts. After 30 days storage duration for all counts showed 101 cfu/g reduction of microbial load from every initial count. The Salmonella-Shigella (SS) and Vibrio spp. were identified in all the samples of the three markets. In case of biochemical composition, an inverse relation was found in moisture - protein and moisture - fat where the moisture content increased after 30 days freezing duration but protein and lipid contents decreased with time. This study revealed that shrimp available in local markets of Dhaka city was highly ingested with pathogenic bacteria which indicate the unhygienic condition of the market premises. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 22(2): 91-101, 2013 (July)

scholarly journals Occurrence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella species in Some Livestock (Poultry) Feeds in Mando, Kaduna, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S.D. Mohammed ◽  
S. Al-hassan ◽  
J.R. Wartu ◽  
A.A. Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Livestock Feeds ◽  
Feed Samples

The study aimed at assessing the proximate composition, isolation, characterization of some Enterobacteriaceae from two (2) brands of poultry feeds marketed in Mando, Kaduna, Nigeria. A total of sixteen (16) samples of two (2) different poultry feeds (starter and finisher) from four (4) poultry farms in mando were collected and subjected to proximate and microbiological analysis. The proximate analysis was carried out using standard techniques and procedures. All the feed samples were cultured on separate media which include Eosin methylene blue (EMB), nutrient Agar (NA) and Salmonella-Shigella Agar (SSA) media using standard procedures. The antibiogram of the selected antibiotics was evaluated against the test isolates. The result of proximate analysis of the starter and finisher feeds indicated that the Dry matter of starter feed had the highest percentage composition of 95.02% and crude fiber of the finisher feed had the lowest composition of 3.78%. The highest number of bacterial load was recorded to be 10.0×104 CFU/g for the feed sample A (starter feed) and 12.0x104CFU/g was recorded for the feed sample B (finisher feed) which had the highest number of bacterial load recorded among the two (2) different poultry feeds analyzed. The bacteria isolates were identified as Salmonella species and Escherichia coli. Total viable count (TVC) of Salmonella species and E. coli in the feed samples (starter and finisher) ranges from 3.0×104CFU/g to 12.0×104CFU/g. Both organisms (Salmonella species, E. coli) were found as 37.5% and 25% of the analyzed feeds (Broiler starter and broiler finisher) samples, respectively. There was no level of significant (p>0.05) difference between the level of contamination of Salmonella species and E. coli in the two different feeds analyzed, as p=0.06 and p=0.13 for Salmonella species, and E. coli respectively. Sample A and B (Starter and Finisher) feeds had the highest number of Salmonella species occurrence with six ( 6) positive samples while E. coli was recorded in four (4) samples of A and B (Starter and Finisher) feeds. The result of the antibiogram indicated that ciprofloxacin (30 µg), Gentamycin (30µg), Perfloxacin (30µg) and Tarvid (30µg) was effective against Salmonella species and Escherichia coli. The significant of spread of the species of the Enterobacteriaceae in livestock feeds requires the need for effective quality assurance and control, good hygiene practices in production and proper handling of the poultry feeds.

scholarly journals Microbiological analysis of pasteurized and fresh fruit juice sold in Rawalpindi of Pakistan

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Batool ◽  
SS Tahir ◽  
N Rauf ◽  
R Kalsoom
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Freshly prepared and pasteurized fruit juices sold by vendors in local market of Rawalpindi city from 10 locations were analyzed for the microbiological quality. Total viable count (TVC), total coliform, faecal coliform, molds and the presence of pathogenic microorganisms such as E. coli, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, and fungi like Aspergillus, Pencillum, Rhizopus were determined .In open fruit juices available in city were highly contaminated with bacteria and fungi. E. coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, and Pseudomonas were isolated with different frequency. Aspergillus, Pencillum and Rhizopus were also found in juices especially Aspergillus was with high percentages. The pasteurized juices have less contamination as compared to the fresh juices samples. The number and type of microorganisms recovered from the freshly squeezed fruit juices made them unsafe for drinking. The results of this study demonstrate the unhygienic quality of popular types of market vended freshly squeezed fruit juices and their risk to the consumers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v48i3.17329 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 48(3), 185-192, 2013

scholarly journals Bacterial Analysis of Different Types of Ice Creams from Dhaka City

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Sabrina Akter ◽  
Sangita Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Good Manufacturing Practice ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ice Creams

Different types of ice creams available in Dhaka were analyzed for their bacteriological quality. A total number of 24 ice cream samples from two different brands (Brand 1 and 2) were collected from street vendors and local shops of different parts of Dhaka city. Average total viable count in the Brand 1 samples ranged from 9.5x102 to 4.72 x104 cfu/ml, while total coliform count and fecal coliform counts were 2.3x101 to 2.43x103 cfu/ml and zero to 100 cfu/ml, respectively. In case of Brand 2, average total viable count, total coliform count and fecal coliform count were 9.5x103 to 4.43x104 cfu/ml; 10 to 2.49x103 cfu/ml and zero to 200 cfu/ml, respectively. Bacteria isolated from the ice cream samples included Staphylococcus sp. (96%), Bacillus sp (50%), Listeria sp. (41.66%), Micrococcus sp. (12.5%), Escherichia coli (8.33%) and Klebsiella sp (8.33%). Presence of these bacteria in the ice cream indicates the lack of good manufacturing practice in the production of ice cream, which imposes great risk to the consumers.Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 29, Number 1, June 2012, pp 41-43

scholarly journals Microbiological Quality of Local Market Vended Freshly Squeezed Fruit Juices in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shakir Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Tania Nasreen ◽  
Badrunnessa Feroza ◽  
Sahana Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
E Coli

Freshly squeezed or freshly prepared fruit juices sold by local market vendors in Dhaka city were analyzed for the microbiological quality. Total viable bacterial counts, fungal counts, total coliform, faecal coliform and the presence of pathogenic microorganisms such as E. coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Streptococcus were analyzed by standard methods. The total viable count of samples ranged from 3.00×102 to 9.60×108 and fungal counts ranged from 1.00×102 to 8.05×104. Out of 114 freshly prepared fruit juices samples collected 113 samples (99%) showed the presence of coliform and E. coli. The other bacteria like B. cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Streptococcus were found in 64.91%, 6.14%, 7.89% and (5.26%) of the tested samples. The number and type of microorganisms recovered from the freshly squeezed fruit juices made them unsafe for drinking. It was concluded that due to unhygienic fruit handling in the unsanitary environmental conditions under which the vendors operate the juices become contaminated with harmful bacteria. The results of this study demonstrate the unhygienic quality of popular types of market vended freshly squeezed fruit juices and their risk to the consumers. Key Words: Fruit juices; Microorganisms; Contamination; E. coli; Microbiological quality standards.   DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v44i4.4591 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(4), 421-424, 2009

scholarly journals Assessment of Physicochemical and Microbiological Quality of Public Swimming Pools in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kokebe Yedeme ◽  
Melese Hailu Legese ◽  
Almaz Gonfa ◽  
Somson Girma
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Swimming Pool Water

Background: From swimming pools, bathers may acquire many potential pathogens or may be affected by the physicochemical characteristics of water used during bathing. Hence, this study aimed at assessing the physicochemical and microbiological quality of public swimming pools located at different hotels and recreation center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method: A cross sectional study was carried out from February to May, 2016. Nine hotels and one recreation center which recognized to have public swimming services were included. A total of 60 swimming pool water samples from 10 swimming pools were collected at deeper, shallow and intake point twice on a weekly basis using a 250 ml sterile bottle containing sodium thiosulphate. PH, residual chlorine and temperature of samples were recorded at the time of collection. Sample containing bottles were transported in ice box to microbiological laboratory and analyzed on the same day. Standard cultural and biochemical methods were used for isolation and characterization of the main microbial groups. Total viable count, total coliform count, fecal coliform count and E. coli were determined. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Results: Average PH and temperature of swimming pool water samples were 7.1 and 29oC respectively. Of all analyzed water samples, 58.4% (n=35/60) of them had PH range of 7.2-7.8, 58.3% (n=35/60) of samples had temperature in the range of 21oC-32oC and 25% (n=15/60) of water samples had residual chlorine in the range of 2-3mg/l. 73.3% (n=44/60) of the samples had a total viable count below 200 MPN/ml and 70% (n-42/60) of the samples had Total Coliform Count values less than 2 MPN/100 ml. Moreover, 66.7% (n=40/60) of the samples had fecal coliform counts falling below 1 MPN /100 ml. E. coli was absent in 70% (n=42/60) of the samples while it was present in 30% (n=18/60) of the samples. Conclusion: PH, residual chlorine and temperature value of majority of the swimming pools’ water samples were within the acceptable limit. Regarding microbial quality, most swimming pools’ water samples complied to the WHO standard. Swimming pools that did not comply to the standard both in physicochemical levels and microbial quality need improvement due to their significant health implication.

scholarly journals Microbial Status and Multidrug Resistance Pattern of Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Street Food in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Avijit Banik ◽  
Maruf Abony ◽  
Suvamoy Datta ◽  
Syeda Tasneem Towhid
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Coliform Count

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the microbiological safety in street foods available in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Study Design: Seven categories of street foods were collected aseptically in triplicates from 10 locations of the most populous areas of Dhaka city, transported to the microbiology laboratory of Center of Excellence, Primeasia University, Dhaka. The samples were analyzed for microbiological quality. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Dhaka city, Bangladesh, between November 2015 to March 2017. The microbiological analysis was done at the microbiology laboratory of the Center for Excellence Laboratory (CEL), Department of Microbiology, Primeasia University, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh. Methodology: Ninety street food samples belonging to 7 different categories were collected aseptically from ten different places in Dhaka. All samples were tested according to the standard food analysis methods. Total viable count (TVC), total coliform count (TCC), total Salmonella-Shigella count (TSSC) and total S. aureus count (TSAC) were estimated by using Plate Count agar (PCA), MacConkey agar, Salmonella-Shigella agar and Mannitol Salt agar plates respectively. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar was used to determine the sensitivity of the isolated strains to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Results: Fried Aubergine, sugarcane juice, potato balls, peanut, rice cake, sweetened coconut, local salty snacks nimki and chanachur, sesame cookies revealed high total viable count (1011 CFU/gm or /mL) and high total coliform count (109 CFU/g or /mL). Some street foods were found to contain potential pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Vibrio spp. and Campylobacter spp. Some of the isolates of E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella isolates were found to be resistant against azithromycin (15 µg), sulphomethoxazole (25 μg), penicillin (10 µg), nalidixic acid (30 µg), vancomycin (30 µg) and tetracycline (30 μg). Conclusion: This study reveals the presence of pathogenic bacteria in street foods of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Hence, there is a necessity for strict surveillance on microbial safety of street foods. There should be public engagement projects for.public awareness against consumption of low-quality and unhygienic street foods of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Investigation of microbial contamination of Powdered Infant Formula during different storage periods after opening

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Khalid Al-atrash
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Powdered Infant Formula ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Significant Difference

The present study was carried out to knowing effect different storage periods of the microbial quality for the Powdered Infant Formula (PIF) after opening the tin, and ensuring from the safety note (after opening, use within 3 weeks). Thirty (30) samples of (PIF) from category (1 – 6 months) in five different types are collected from pharmacies and local markets in Baquba city / Iraq, which are used as substitutes for breast milk during the first day of opening the tin powders such as Total viable count, Total coliform count, Salmonella count and Yeast and Molds count. These experiments repeated at each week of same samples within (5) weeks. Results were obtained at opening the tin, Total viable count (less than 0.05 1.0 x 103 ±1.5x10 CFU/g) were significantly higher than Total Coliform count (less than 0.05 ± 0.3 x 10 CFU/g) and Total Salmonella count (less than 0.05 0 x 10 CFU/g) and Yeasts and Molds (less than 0.05 ± 0.3 x 10 CFU/g). while results obtained at fifth week were (less than 0.05 8.8 x 103 ±5.5x102 CFU/g), (less than 0.05 0.9 x 102 ± 0.4x101 CFU/g), (less than 0.05 0 x 10 CFU/g), (less than 0.05 9.5 x 10 ± 1.2x101 CFU /g) respectively. All samples of (PIF) having non-significant difference. These results compared to Iraqi Quality Standards (IQS), all the results from the opening samples to fifth week were within the range of IQS and USA Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and as indicates the hygienic condition of (PIF) without risk level for human health. also observed increase in microbial contamination in each week because increase the moisture content for powdered milk. Can be used more than 3 weeks after opening if stored in good conditions with good hygienic practices during milk preparation.

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