scholarly journals Occurrence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella species in Some Livestock (Poultry) Feeds in Mando, Kaduna, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S.D. Mohammed ◽  
S. Al-hassan ◽  
J.R. Wartu ◽  
A.A. Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Livestock Feeds ◽  
Feed Samples

The study aimed at assessing the proximate composition, isolation, characterization of some Enterobacteriaceae from two (2) brands of poultry feeds marketed in Mando, Kaduna, Nigeria. A total of sixteen (16) samples of two (2) different poultry feeds (starter and finisher) from four (4) poultry farms in mando were collected and subjected to proximate and microbiological analysis. The proximate analysis was carried out using standard techniques and procedures. All the feed samples were cultured on separate media which include Eosin methylene blue (EMB), nutrient Agar (NA) and Salmonella-Shigella Agar (SSA) media using standard procedures. The antibiogram of the selected antibiotics was evaluated against the test isolates. The result of proximate analysis of the starter and finisher feeds indicated that the Dry matter of starter feed had the highest percentage composition of 95.02% and crude fiber of the finisher feed had the lowest composition of 3.78%. The highest number of bacterial load was recorded to be 10.0×104 CFU/g for the feed sample A (starter feed) and 12.0x104CFU/g was recorded for the feed sample B (finisher feed) which had the highest number of bacterial load recorded among the two (2) different poultry feeds analyzed. The bacteria isolates were identified as Salmonella species and Escherichia coli. Total viable count (TVC) of Salmonella species and E. coli in the feed samples (starter and finisher) ranges from 3.0×104CFU/g to 12.0×104CFU/g. Both organisms (Salmonella species, E. coli) were found as 37.5% and 25% of the analyzed feeds (Broiler starter and broiler finisher) samples, respectively. There was no level of significant (p>0.05) difference between the level of contamination of Salmonella species and E. coli in the two different feeds analyzed, as p=0.06 and p=0.13 for Salmonella species, and E. coli respectively. Sample A and B (Starter and Finisher) feeds had the highest number of Salmonella species occurrence with six ( 6) positive samples while E. coli was recorded in four (4) samples of A and B (Starter and Finisher) feeds. The result of the antibiogram indicated that ciprofloxacin (30 µg), Gentamycin (30µg), Perfloxacin (30µg) and Tarvid (30µg) was effective against Salmonella species and Escherichia coli. The significant of spread of the species of the Enterobacteriaceae in livestock feeds requires the need for effective quality assurance and control, good hygiene practices in production and proper handling of the poultry feeds.

scholarly journals Study on Isolation and Identification of Salmonella and Escherichia coli from Different Poultry Feeds of Savar Region of Dhaka, Bangladesh

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chowdhury ◽  
A. Iqbal ◽  
M. G. Uddin ◽  
M. Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Feed Samples

The study was conducted aiming at the isolation and identification of Salmonella and Escherichia coli (E. coli) from different brands of poultry feeds sold in Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Seven different poultry feeds were subjected to microbiological analysis. All these samples were analyzed by culturing in different media such as nutrient broth (NB), nutrient Agar (NA), SS Agar (Salmonella-Shigella Agar), BGA (brilliant-green Agar), Mac Conkey, DHL and EMB (eosin methylene blue) media. Total bacterial colonies of all the samples were counted separately on the nutrient Agar media. Hence, bacteria were counted as 9.5×105 in the feed sample C (Layer) which was found to be the highest in number among the poultry feeds. Total viable count (TVC) of Salmonella and E. coli in the feed samples were as 0 to 6.75×104 and 0 to 3.05×104 respectively.  Both organisms were found in 71.43% and 57.14% of the analyzed feed samples, respectively. The highest number of Salmonella was found in sample C (Layer) feeds and that of E. coli was found in sample B (Grower) feeds. The widespread occurrence of Salmonella and E. coli in poultry feeds reinforces the need for effective control measures, hygiene in processing and handling of feeds. Keywords: Salmonella; Escherichia coli; Poultry feeds; Total viable count; Contamination; Hygiene. © 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.7128                J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 403-411 (2011)

scholarly journals Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli and Its Serotypes Isolated From Poultry Feed in Relation to Seasons in Karachi, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shajeela Iram ◽  
Mehmood ul Hassan ◽  
Tabinda Khawaja
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Feed Samples

Background: The increasing prevalence of Escherichia coli as a foodborne pathogen in poultry poses a high risk to food safety. The resistant strains of E. coli may contribute resistant genes to human endogenous flora, causing fatal diseases. Moreover, these pathogens are serious threats to poultry farming. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the effects of seasonal variations on the bacterial load of E. coli and to evaluate its antibiogram profile. Methods: All feed samples were evaluated for the identification of E. coli and its serotypes, using conventional culture methods and biochemical characterization. Positive samples were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The bacterial load of E. coli was estimated by measuring the total viable count, and the antibiogram data were calculated using two methods, that is, disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) measurement. Results: Of 204 feed samples investigated, 38 isolates were positive for E. coli. All positive samples were also confirmed via universal and species-specific PCR assays, and 8/38 were documented as E. coli 0157:H7 strains. The bacterial load of E. coli was also determined by measuring the total viable count, and the results revealed the highest ratio (6.44×108 CFU/g) from June to August and the lowest ratio (2.06×108 CFU/g) from December to February. The multidrug resistance of E. coli O157:H7 was validated by antimicrobial susceptibility tests since all isolates showed high resistance to chloramphenicol, penicillin derivatives, fluoroquinolones, and oxytetracycline, respectively, and were only susceptible to aminoglycosides. Conclusions: Considering the high bacterial load of E. coli from June to August, the poultry industry needs to establish appropriate and effective hygienic and storage policies, especially during these alarming months. Moreover, surfacing and propagation of resistant strains of these pathogens may obscure future assessments for treatment purposes.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Salmonella and Escherichia coli from Raw Goat Meat in Uyo Metropolis, Akwaibom State

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Hephzibah Oluwatoyin Ajulo ◽  
Matthew Olugbenga Ajulo ◽  
N. S. E. Udo Ekereumoh
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Goat Meat ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Meat Samples

Introduction: In Nigeria, abattoirs have become a source of infection and pollution, attracting domestic animals, wild carnivores and rodents due to lack of adequate slaughtering and disposal facilities. Improper processing of meat consumed by the majority of people in Nigeria is a serious public health issue. Aims: This study was aimed at isolating, characterizing, and identifying Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli from raw goat meat in Uyo metropolis. Study Design: Fresh goat meat samples were collected from different locations within Uyo metropolis namely; such as goat meat collected at Itam junction market (GTI), Anua junction market (GTA), Ikot Okubo junction market (GTO), Itak Uyo market (GTU), Etuk market (GTE), Ndueh Otong market (GTN) and Mbiere Ebeh market (GTM). Results: The analysis of fresh raw goat meat in Uyo metropolis showed that the total viable count of bacterial load detected on the fresh raw goat meat samples ranged from 9.1X102cfu/g to 1.07X104cfu/g. The highest bacterial count for E. coli was obtained from raw goat meat obtained from GTA1 (3.4X103 cfu/g) followed by GTM2 (3.2X103 cfu/g). The highest bacterial count for Salmonella was obtained from raw goat meat obtained from GTO1 (1.07X104) followed by GTM 2 (1.02X104). The result showed that in addition to E. coli (100%) that was found in all goat meat samples, the most common isolated microorganisms from the fresh raw goat meat samples was Salmonella choleraesuis (38.8%) followed by Salmonella salaemae (34.4%) and Salmonella kauffmanni (9.5%) respectively. Conclusion: This study has indicated high microbial contamination of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. in the raw goat meats sold at the selected junctions of Uyo metropolis which suggested a high level of contamination of raw goat meats use for consumed in homes within Uyo metropolis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of microbial quality and pathogenic potentiality of enterobacteria in poultry feeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
S Islam ◽  
N Tanjila ◽  
MF Begum
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Aerobic Plate Count ◽  
Feed Samples

The present investigation has been carried out to assess the microbial safety and pathogenic potentialities of enterobacteria in poultry feeds. From the results it was observed that total aerobic plate count of poultry feeds samples were recorded as 2.8 × 105 to 5.8 × 109 cfu/g and 100% samples contained ≥106 cfu/g while the highest mean of cfu was counted as log10 8.797/gm. Large number of coliforms were recorded in different poultry feed samples and the ranges of cfu were counted as 1.2 × 104 to 5.2 × 107/g while average 75% samples were contaminated with coliform bacteria with ≥104 cfu/g and the highest mean of cfu was counted as log10 6.103/g. The ranges of cfu of Escherichia coli were 1.03 × 102 to 1.09 × 105/g and 70% samples contained ≥102 cfu/g while the highest mean of cfu was counted as log10 4.493/gm. But the ranges of cfu of total Salmonella sp. were recorded as 1.02 × 101 to 5.25 × 104/g and 50% samples contained ≥102 cfu/g and the highest mean of cfu was counted as log10 3.665/g. Total 29 enterobacterial isolates were isolated from the feed by using selected media. On the basis of morphological characteristics and biochemical test results the isolates were identified as Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., Proteus sp., Enterobacter sp. and Escherichia coli. These isolates were tested on blood agar medium and only seven isolates showed positive β-hemolytic activity.In virulence efficacy test, only hemolytic positive isolates were ingested to chicken and observed that E. coli (SGE-1), Klebsiella sp. (SSE-6) and Salmonella sp. (JSS-9) isolates were highly toxic because the experimental chickens were died after 3 days of ingestion of the bacteria, two isolates showed loose motion symptom after 15 days while other isolates showed little sickness. All the selected isolates showed positive hem-agglutination reactivity in poultry RBC. The results indicate that the poultry feeds were highly contaminated with pathogenic enterobacteria which are risk to public health. J. bio-sci. 28: 59-68, 2020

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Salmonella Species and Escherichia coli Isolates from Poultry Feeds in Ruiru Sub - County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorica Gakii Ngai ◽  
Anthony Kebira Nyamache ◽  
Omwoyo Ombori
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistant Strains

Abstract Objectives: Contaminated poultry feeds can be a major source of E. coli and Salmonella infections in poultry. This study aimed at determining the microbial quality, prevalence and antimicrobial resistance and associated resistance genes to Salmonella and E. coli isolates from poultry feeds.Results: A total of 150 samples of different poultry feed types were randomly collected from selected sites within Ruiru Sub-County. A microbial load was determined, Salmonella and Escherichia coli were isolated and antimicrobial susceptibility test accomplished. Antimicrobial resistance genes; TEM, SHV, strB and Dfr were established. Out of analyzed samples, 58% contained Escherichia coli and 28% Salmonella. Bacterial load ranged between 3.1 x105 cfug to 3.0 x106 cfu/g. The highest resistance was found with ampicillin (41%) for Salmonella and (62%) for E. coli isolates. All the Ampicilin resistant isolates carried TEM and SHV genes. In addition, strB and Dfr drug resistance genes associated with streptomycin and Cotri-moxazole were analysed. All isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. The study reveals high bacterial contamination, presence of beta-lactamase, aminoglycoside and sulphonamide resistance genes across isolates from poultry feeds. Therefore, contaminated poultry feeds with bacteria are likely to lead to increase and spread of antimicrobial resistant strains across the community.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of bacterial load in river and lake waters of Dhaka city, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Md Suprio Sadat Sikdar ◽  
Maruf Abony ◽  
Tamanna Zerin ◽  
Avijit Banik ◽  
Suvamoy Datta
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Analysis Of Waters

Surface water is often contaminated due to human excreta and urban and industrial pollution. The increased population growth and industrialization are likely to exacerbate the situation. Microbiological analysis of waters from rivers (Turag and Buriganga) and lakes (Banani and Dhanmondi) around Dhaka city were conducted for Spring, Monsoon and Fall seasons of the year, 2016 and 2017. Total Viable Count (TVC), Total Coliform Count (TCC), Total Fecal Coliform Count (TFCC) and Total Salmonella Shigella Count (TSSC) were conducted to obtain bacterial load in both enriched and without enrichment water samples. All the Isolates were identified by microscopy, cultural characteristics and biochemical methods. Most of the water reservoirs have a decline in the bacterial load in monsoon where the microbial load of pathogens is highest during spring. Without enrichment, E. coli, Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp. and S. aureus were abundant, where others like Shigella sp., Proteus sp., Serratia sp., Pseudomonas sp., Acinetobacter sp., and Alcaligenes faecalis mostly exhibited growth following enrichment. Results indicate that pathogenic environmental isolates can cause serious health issue if water is left untreated or poorly treated from reservoirs within and around Dhaka city. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 35 Number 2 December 2018, pp 116-121

scholarly journals Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella species and Escherichia coli isolates from poultry feeds in Ruiru Sub-County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorica Gakii Ngai ◽  
Anthony Kebira Nyamache ◽  
Omwoyo Ombori
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistant Strains

Abstract Objectives Contaminated poultry feeds can be a major source of E. coli and Salmonella infections in poultry. This study aimed at determining microbial load, prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella sp. and E. coli and associated resistance genes among isolates from poultry feeds. Results A total of 150 samples of different poultry feed types were randomly collected from selected sites within Ruiru Sub-County. The microbial load was determined, Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli were isolated and antimicrobial susceptibility test carried out. Antimicrobial resistance genes were also screened among the resistant isolates. Out of analyzed samples, 58% and 28% contained Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. respectively. Bacterial load ranged between 3.1 × 105 and 3.0 × 106 cfu/g. Highest resistance was against ampicillin (41%) for Salmonella sp. and (62%) for E. coli isolates. Ampicillin resistant isolates carried TEM and SHV genes. In addition, strB and Dfr resistance genes associated with streptomycin and cotri-moxazole were detected. All the isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. The study reveals high bacterial contamination, presence of beta-lactamase, aminoglycoside and sulphonamide resistance genes across isolates from poultry feeds. Therefore, contaminated poultry feeds with bacteria are likely to lead to increase in antimicrobial resistant strains across the community.

Monitoring Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Inoculated and Naturally Colonized Feedlot Cattle and Their Environment

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. STANFORD ◽  
S. J. BACH ◽  
T. H. MARX ◽  
S. JONES ◽  
J. R. HANSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Challenge Study ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Feed Samples

On-farm methods of monitoring Escherichia coli O157:H7 were assessed in 30 experimentally inoculated steers housed in four pens over a 12-week period and in 202,878 naturally colonized feedlot cattle housed in 1,160 pens on four commercial Alberta feedlots over a 1-year period. In the challenge study, yearling steers were experimentally inoculated with 1010 CFU of a four-strain mixture of nalidixic acid–resistant E. coli O157:H7. After inoculation, shedding of E. coli O157:H7 was monitored weekly by collecting rectal fecal samples (FEC), oral swabs (ORL), pooled fecal pats (PAT), manila ropes (ROP) orally accessed for 4 h, feed samples, water, and water bowl interface. Collection of FEC from all animals per pen provided superior isolation (P < 0.01) of E. coli O157:H7 compared with other methods, although labor and animal restraint requirements for fecal sample collection were high. When one sample was collected per pen of animals, E. coli O157:H7 was more likely to be detected from the ROP than from the FEC, PAT, or ORL (P < 0.001). In the commercial feedlot study, samples were limited to ROP and PAT, and E. coli O157:H7 was isolated in 18.8% of PAT and 6.8% of ROP samples. However, for animals that had been resident in the feedlot pen for at least 1 month, isolation of E. coli O157:H7 from ROP was not different from that from PAT (P = 0.35). Pens of animals on feed for <30 days were six times more likely to shed E. coli O157:H7 than were animals on feed for >30 days. However, change in diet did not affect shedding of the organism (P > 0.23) provided that animals had acclimated to the feedlot for 1 month or longer. Findings from this study indicate the importance of introduction of mitigation strategies early in the feeding period to reduce transference and the degree to which E. coli O157:H7 is shed into the environment.

scholarly journals Analyse des pratiques d’hygiène et de fabrication et évaluation de la qualité du Mashanza dans 12 unités de production au Sud-Kivu

2019 ◽  
Vol 42.3 ◽  
pp. 7314-7329
Author(s):  
Cirhuza Matabaro ◽  
Busime Munamire ◽  
Walangululu Jean ◽  
Sumbu Zola ◽  
Birali Mwamini
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
Process Variability ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Bonnes Pratiques ◽  
Fresh Cheese ◽  
Aerobic Flora

Le Mashanza est un fromage frais traditionnel produit à l’Est de la RDC particulièrement au Sud-Kivu. Malheureusement, sa production est demeurée artisanale, malgré son importance commerciale et les pratiques différant d’un endroit à un autre. L’objet de la présente étude est de diagnostiquer l’état sanitaire et les pratiques de fabrication de ce produit. 12 unités de fabrication localisées dans les territoires de Kabare, Kalehe, Uvira et Walungu ont servi de sujet d’études. La méthode des 5 M a permis de classer les divers facteurs susceptibles de contribuer à la dépréciation de la qualité du Mashanza. Les résultats ont montré que la majorité des unités de fabrication sont de type artisanal et ne sont pas conformes sur le plan des installations et de l’assainissement. Les équipements utilisés sont rudimentaires. Le personnel est peu instruit et n’a pas été formé aux bonnes pratiques de fabrication et d’hygiène. Les résultats de l’analyse physico-chimique des produits montrent des valeurs comprises entre 31,1% et 48,8% pour la matière sèche, 3,5 et 3,9 pour le pH, de 0,87 et 0,95 pour l’Aw et de 41,5 et 100,8°D pour l’acidité, traduisant entre autres l’influence de la variabilité des procédés sur la qualité du Mashanza. L’analyse microbiologique révèle une flore aérobie mésophile totale variant entre 4 et 8.102 ufc/ml pour le lactosérum et 0 et 9,8.10² ufc/g pour le Mashanza. Le lactosérum accuse la présence des coliformes : E.coli, S.aureus, les germes anaérobies sulfito-réducteurs, les levures et les moisissures. Leur dénombrement montre des valeurs variant entre 0 et 1,4.10² ufc/g pour les coliformes totaux, 0 et 36 ufc/g pour les coliformes fécaux, 0 et 1,6.10² ufc/g pour E. coli; 0 et 1,2.103, ufc/ml pour les anaérobies sulfito-réducteurs et entre 0 et 1,5.103. ufc/g pour les levures et les moisissures. Salmonella sp. est absent de tous les échantillons de lactosérum et de Mashanza. En général, de « Mashanza » est satisfaisante. Les résultats obtenus permettent d’orienter les producteurs et les chercheurs sur les facteurs pouvant déprécier la qualité du Mashanza et sur lesquels on peut agir. ABSTRACT Mashanza is a traditional fresh cheese produced in eastern DRC, particularly in South Kivu. Unfortunately, its production has remained artisanal, despite its commercial importance and practices differ from one place to another. The purpose of this study is to diagnose the health status and manufacturing practices of this product. 12 manufacturing units located in the Kabare, Kalehe, Uvira and Walungu territories were used as subjects of study. The 5M method classified the various factors that may contribute to the depreciation of the quality of the Mashanza. The results showed that the majority of manufacturing units are of the artisanal type and are not compliant in terms of facilities and sanitation. The equipment used is rudimentary. The staff is poorly educated and has not been trained in good manufacturing and hygiene practices. The results of the physicochemical analysis of the products show values between 31.1% and 48.8% for the dry matter, 3.5 and 3.9 for the pH, of 0.87 and 0.95 for Aw and 41.5 and 100.8 ° D for acidity, reflecting, among other things, the influence of process variability on Mashanza quality. The microbiological analysis reveals a total mesophilic aerobic flora varying between 4 and 8 × 10 2 cfu / ml for whey and 0 and 9.8 × 10 2 cfu / g for Mashanza. The whey accuses the presence of coliforms: E. coli, S.aureus, anaerobic sulphite-reducing germs, yeasts and moulds. Their enumeration shows values ranging between 0 and 1.4 × 10 2 cfu / g for total coliforms, 0 and 36 cfu / g for faecal coliforms, 0 and 1.6 × 10 2 cfu / g for E. coli; 0 and 1.2.103, cfu / ml for the sulphito-reducing anaerobes and between 0 and 1.5.103. ufc / g for yeasts and moulds. Salmonella sp. is absent from all whey and Mashanza samples. In general, Mashanza is satisfactory. The results obtained make it possible to guide producers and researchers on the factors that can degrade the quality of Mashanza and that can be acted on.

scholarly journals Removal of Methylene blue, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonus aeruginosa by Adsorption Process of Activated Carbon Produced from Moringa oleifera Bark

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shahin Azad ◽  
Syaza Azhari ◽  
Mohd Sukri Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
E Coli

The utilization of biopolymer derived from Moringa oleifera bark using ZnCl2 and H2SO4 as activating agents for eliminating Methylene blue, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from producing wastewater. In this study, Methylene blue and both bacteria were effectively adsorbed by activated carbon with lowest dosage. The activated carbon was prepared from natural-by product of Moringa oleifera bark by pyrolysis in a furnace at 700°C for 1 h. The characteristics of activated carbon have been determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), pHzpc (zero point charge), and FTIR spectroscopy. The obtained result were closely fitted with Freundlich isotherm model and adsorption kinetics follow the pseudo-second order model with the highest value of correlation coefficient (R2~1). Adsorption quantity was dose dependent and bacteria were maximum adsorbed using 10 mg of activated carbon as well as 25mg for methylene blue. The maximum adsorption capacity showed within 1 hour. The bacterial load was reduced by 98% for E. coli, 96% for P. aeruginosa as well as methylene blue reduced 94.2% from aqueous solution using batch adsorption methods. Adsorption process controlled by film diffusion mechanism. These result proposed that the activated carbon of Moringa oleifera can be used as a good adsorbent for the removal of Methylene blue, E. coli and P. aeruginosa.

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