scholarly journals Genetic variation among Iranian alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) populations based on RAPD markers

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Hassan Monirifar ◽  
Jalal Saba ◽  
Mostafa Valizadeh ◽  
Ahmad Razban Haghighi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
High Level

Genetic diversity among and within 10 populations of Iranian alfalfa, from different areas of Azarbaijan, Iran was analyzed by screening DNA from seeds of individual plants and bulk samples. In individual study, 10 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers produced 156 polymorphic bands and a high level of genetic diversity was observed within populations. The averages of total and within population genetic diversity were 0.2349 and 0.1892, respectively. Results of analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed the great genetic variation existed within populations (81.37%). These Results were in agreement with allogamous and polyploid nature of alfalfa. Cluster analysis was performed based on Nei’s genetic distances resulting in grouping into 3 clusters which could separate breeding population from other populations. Results of cluster analysis were in consistent with morphological and geographical patterns of populations. The results of bulk method were different from individual analysis. Our results showed that RAPD analysis is a suitable method to study genetic diversity and relationships among alfalfa populations.Keywords: Alfalfa; RAPD; Genetic diversity; Analysis of Molecular Variance; Cluster analysis.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v18i2.9296Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 18: (2): 93-104, 2011 (December)

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG NATURAL POPULATIONS OF Keteleeria evelyniana Mast. IN CENTRAL HIGLANDS OF VIETNAM USING SSR MARKERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Tran Thi Lieu ◽  
Dinh Thi Phong ◽  
Vu Thi Thu Hien
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Similarity Matrix ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Private Alleles ◽  
Softwood Species

Keteleeria evelyniana Mast. is a big softwood species with high economic values. Therefore, the number of these trees are rapidly decreasing due to rampant exploitation as well as its habitat loss and recently, the species is considered vulnerablein Vietnam. In this study, we assessed the genetic variation among seventy K. evelyniana samples of three natural populations in Lam Dong, Dak Lak and Kon Tum using 16 microsatellite markers. The results showed that thirteen markers were polymorphic. A total 39 DNA fragments were amplified, among them, thirty – five were polymorphic (accounting for 89.74%). Among studied populations, the level of genetic diversity at Lam Dong (Na = 2.063; Ne = 1.730; Ap = 0.375; I = 0.558; Ho = 0.459 and He = 0.367) was the highest. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the total level of molecular changes between populations was 34.65% and between individuals in the same population was 65.35%. Private alleles (Ap) and inbreeding values (Fis) of K. evelyniana species were founded of all three populations in Lam Dong, Dak Lak and Kon Tum (0.375 and -0.234; 0.188 and -0.065; 0.063 and -0.047, respectively). The gene flow (Nm) also occurred among the K. evelyniana populations with the average of Nm = 5.423. A dendrogram (UPGMA) constructed based on the similarity matrix of 70 K. evelyniana samples divided into two main groups with their genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 76.5% (Ke26 and Ke44) to 99% (Ke23 and Ke25). The obtained results indicated the importance of conserving the genetic resources of K. evelyniana species in Tay Nguyen.

Preliminary Investigation of Genetic Variation within and between Cultivated and Natural Populations of Banksia coccinea and Banksia menziesii

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 547 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Rieger ◽  
M. Sedgley
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Cultivated Populations

The randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique followed by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was used to determine the level of variation within and between commercial plantations of Banksia coccinea R.Br. and B. menziesii R.Br. in South Australia and natural populations in Western Australia. For B. coccinea, the majority of variation was within populations (66.1%), while between all populations accounted for 20.8%. The variation between cultivated and natural populations was 13.2%. There was close clustering between the cultivated populations, which appeared to be most closely related to the inland natural populations. In contrast, the variation between cultivated and natural populations for B. menziesii was 0.4% with the majority of the variation within populations (93.2%) and 6.4% between all populations. The cultivated and natural populations formed a single cohesive cluster. These data indicate that the full range of natural genetic diversity of B. menziesii appears to occur in the cultivated plantations, but this was not the case for B. coccinea.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in Populations of Phytophthora citricola Associated with Horticultural Crops in California

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 1556-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Bhat ◽  
G. T. Browne
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Phytophthora Citricola ◽  
High Level

California populations of the plant pathogen Phytophthora citricola were examined for amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), pathogenicity on almond, and sensitivity to mefenoxam. The characterizations of AFLP variation and mefenoxam sensitivity were based on 86 isolates (44 from almond, 11 from avocado, 3 from strawberry, 18 from walnut, and 10 from six other hosts). Cluster analysis of the AFLP data using the unweighted pair group method indicated a high level of genetic diversity among the isolates, and four main clusters were identified—one dominated by isolates from almond, another including all isolates from avocado, and two including isolates from several hosts other than avocado. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 38.4 and 24.9% of the AFLP variation were associated with host and geographical factors, respectively. Of 24 isolates, including those from almond, avocado, strawberry, and walnut, 22 were aggressive on almond shoots; there was no evidence of host specificity. All but 1 of the 86 isolates grew at different rates on V8 juice medium amended with mefenoxam at 1 ppm, indicating partial tolerance to the fungicide. Isolates of P. citricola from California populations are genetically diverse, and much of the variation is associated with host and geography. These populations are all potentially pathogenic on almond and tolerant to mefenoxam.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Dynamics of Sinorhizobium meliloti Populations Nodulating Different Alfalfa Cultivars in Italian Soils

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 4785-4789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carelli ◽  
Stefano Gnocchi ◽  
Silvia Fancelli ◽  
Alessio Mengoni ◽  
Donatella Paffetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Rhizobium Population

ABSTRACT We analyzed the genetic diversity of 531 Sinorhizobium meliloti strains isolated from nodules of Medicago sativa cultivars in two different Italian soils during 4 years of plant growth. The isolates were analyzed for DNA polymorphism with the random amplified polymorphic DNA method. The populations showed a high level of genetic polymorphism distributed throughout all the isolates, with 440 different haplotypes. Analysis of molecular variance allowed us to relate the genetic structure of the symbiotic population to various factors, including soil type, alfalfa cultivar, individual plants within a cultivar, and time. Some of these factors significantly affected the genetic structure of the population, and their relative influence changed with time. At the beginning of the experiment, the soil of origin and, even more, the cultivar significantly influenced the distribution of genetic variability of S. meliloti. After 3 years, the rhizobium population was altered; it showed a genetic structure based mainly on differences among plants, while the effects of soil and cultivar were not significant.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY AND STRUCTURE OF Oenocarpus mapora GERMPLASM CONSERVED AT EASTERN AMAZON

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 984-992
Author(s):  
ELISA FERREIRA MOURA ◽  
MARIA DO SOCORRO PADILHA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
DIEHGO TULOZA DA SILVA ◽  
LÍGIA CRISTINE GONÇALVES PONTES
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Total Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure in the germoplasm of Oenocarpus mapora conserved at Eastern Amazon. Thus, 88 individuals were genotyped with five microsatellite loci. These individuals belong to 24 accessions that were sampled in eight sample places of three Brazilian Amazon states conserved at the Active Germplasm Bank (AGB) of Embrapa Eastern Amazon. All loci were polymorphic and they generated 85 alleles with an average of 17 alleles per loci. Total genetic diversity (HE) was 0.48. Sample places were considered genetically distinct, with ?p = 0.354. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) identified that the genetic portion among areas was of 36.14% and within 63.86%. The Nei distances varied from 0.091 between Abaetetuba and Santo Antônio do Tauá, both in the state of Pará (PA), to 4.18, between Parintins, AM and Rio Branco, AC. By means of Bayesian analysis, it was identified nine clusters that compose the accessions of the germplasm bank, with different distributions among individuals. The study showed high fixation rates per sample area, which indicates that there may have been significant inbreeding or crossing among parental individuals. It suggests that future samples should be made of different plants in natural populations. Even though, it was verified that there is considerable genetic variation in the germplasm of O. mapora.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and relatedness within and between species of the genus Oligoryzomys (Rodentia; Sigmodontinae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Trott ◽  
SM. Callegari-Jacques ◽  
LFB. Oliveira ◽  
A. Langguth ◽  
MS. Mattevi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Heterogeneity ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest

A RAPD analysis on six species of the rodent genus Oligoryzomys trapped in a wide area (ranging from 01° N to 32° S) of Brazilian territory was performed in order to determine the levels of genetic variability within and between its populations and species. One-hundred and ninety-three animals were collected in 13 different sites (corresponding to 17 samples) located at Pampas, Atlantic Rain Forest, Cerrado, and Amazon domains. Oligoryzomys sp., O. nigripes (8 populations), O. flavescens (4 populations), O. moojeni, O. stramineus, and O. fornesi were the taxa analyzed. Of the 20 primers tested, 4 generated a total of 75 polymorphic products simultaneously amplified in 151 specimens. Various diversity estimators analyzed showed considerable differences between species and populations, indicating a great genetic variation occurring in the Oligoryzomys taxa investigated. A cluster analysis was made using Nei's standard genetic distances, however, it did not correlate the genetic heterogeneity of the species and populations with the geographical areas.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of silver-fir populations in the Beskids

2011 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Mejnartowicz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Rare Alleles

Twenty-eight isozymic loci were studied in the Beskid Mts., in four populations of common silver-fir (<em>Abies alba</em>): one in Beskid Makowski (BM) and three populations in Beskid Sądecki (BS). Their genetic variation and diversity were analyzed, and Nei's genetic distances between the populations were calculated. The results show that the geographical distance between the BM population and the three BS populations is reflected in genetic distances. The BM population is clearly distinct from the others. It has the lowest genetic diversity (<em>I</em> = <em>0.42</em>), percentage of polymorphic loci <em>(%PoL </em>= <em>64.29</em>) and number of rare alleles (<em>NoRa </em>= <em>5</em>). Besides, the BM population has the highest observed heterozygosity (<em>Ho </em>= <em>0.291</em>), which exceeds the expected heterozygosity (<em>He </em>= <em>0.254</em>), estimated on the basis of the Hardy-Weinberg Principle. On the contrary, BS populations are in the state of equilibrium, which is manifested, in similar values of <em>He </em>= <em>0.262 </em>and <em>Ho </em>= <em>0.264</em>.

scholarly journals Measurement of Genetic Diversity of Chinese Seashore Paspalum Resources through Morphological and Sequence-related Amplified Polymorphism Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (6) ◽  
pp. 379-386
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Hailin Guo ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Jingang Shi ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Germplasm Resources ◽  
Seashore Paspalum ◽  
Chinese Germplasm

Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) is a notable warm-season turfgrass. Certain germplasm resources are distributed in the southern regions of China. The objectives of this study were to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic variation of Chinese seashore paspalum resources. Morphological characteristics and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers were used to assess genetic relationships and genetic variation among 36 germplasm resources from China and six cultivars from the United States. The results showed significant variation for 13 morphological characteristics among 42 tested seashore paspalum accessions, and that the phenotypic cv was, in turn, turf height > turf density > internode length > inflorescence density > leaf width > reproductive branch height > spikelet width > leaf length > spikelet number > inflorescence length > internode diameter > inflorescence width > spikelet length. According to the morphological characteristics and cluster analysis, 42 seashore paspalum accessions were divided into six morphological types. In total, 374 clear bands were amplified using 30 SRAP primer combinations; among these bands, 321 were polymorphic with 85.83% polymorphism. SRAP marker cluster analysis showed that 42 seashore paspalum accessions were grouped into seven major groups, with a genetic similarity coefficient ranging from 0.4385 to 0.9893 and genetic distance values ranging from 0.0108 to 0.8244. The high level of genetic diversity occurred among Chinese germplasm, and the genetic distance was relatively high between Chinese germplasm and cultivars introduced from the United States. The patterns in morphological trait variations and genetic diversity will be useful for the further exploitation and use of Chinese seashore paspalum resources.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in natural populations of Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liene Rocha Picanço Gomes ◽  
Maria Teresa Gomes Lopes ◽  
Jania Lilia da Silva Bentes ◽  
Willian Silva Barros ◽  
Pedro de Queiroz Costa Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Mauritia Flexuosa ◽  
Geographical Distances ◽  
Traditional Communities

This study aimed to characterize the genetic diversity of buriti populations by AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) markers. The analysis was performed in four populations used by traditional communities in the state of Amazonia (Bom Jesus do Anamã, Lauro Sodré, Santa Luzia do Buiçuzinho, and Esperança II). From each population 30 plants were randomly selected. To obtain the markers four primer combinations were used. The percentage of polymorphic loci was estimated, the molecular variance among and within populations analyzed and a dendrogram constructed. The primers detected 339 polymorphic loci ranging from 81.1 % to 91.1 % among populations. Analysis of molecular variance attributed 77.18 % to variation within and 22.8 % to variation between populations. The dendrogram indicated the formation of two groups, showing that the populations of Bom Jesus do Anamã and Lauro Sodré are genetically most similar and thet the genetic and geographical distances are not correlated.

Genetic variation in Trithuria inconspicua and T. filamentosa (Hydatellaceae): a new subspecies and a hypothesis of apomixis arising within a predominantly selfing lineage

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob D. Smissen ◽  
Kerry A. Ford ◽  
Paul D. Champion ◽  
Peter B. Heenan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Minimum Evolution ◽  
The North ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
High Level

While examining herbarium specimens of Trithuria inconspicua Cheeseman, we observed differences in the stigmatic hairs among plants from New Zealand’s North and South Islands. This motivated us to assess genetic and morphological variation within this species and its sister T. filamentosa Rodway from Tasmania. Samples were collected from lakes in the three disjunct geographic areas where the two species occur. Genetic variation in both species was assessed with simple sequence-repeat (SSR, microsatellite) markers and analyses of genetic distances. We also compared the morphology of northern and southern New Zealand T. inconspicua using fresh material. Samples of each species clustered together in a minimum evolution tree built from genetic distances. Trithuria filamentosa had more genetic diversity than did T. inconspicua. Within T. inconspicua, plants from lakes in the North Island and the South Island formed discrete genetic groups diagnosable by subtle morphological differences. Low levels of heterozygosity in both species are consistent with a high level of selfing, as suggested for other co-sexual Trithuria species, but unusual for a putative apomict. On the basis of genetic and morphological variation, we propose recognition of the northern New Zealand and southern New Zealand lineages of T. inconspicua at subspecies rank.

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