Influence of sewage sludge on yield and mineral contents of rice grain

Sewage sludge at the rate of 0, 40, 80, 120 and 240 t/ha showed that the number of filled grains per panicle, dry weight of grains and weight of 1000 grains of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were the significantly highest where 240 tons of sewage sludge per hectare was added. The contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb in rice grains increased significantly with increasing rate of sewage sludge application, while that of Mn decreased significantly. Chromium, cadmium and nickel contents in the rice grain were below detection limit. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsr.v26i1-2.20231 Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 26(1-2): 57-60, December-2013

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Mechanical and Processing Properties of Rice Grains

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12020552 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 552 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Weronika Kruszelnicka ◽

Andrzej Marczuk ◽

Robert Kasner ◽

Patrycja Bałdowska-Witos ◽

Katarzyna Piotrowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Oryza Sativa ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Static Compression ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Rice Grains ◽

Processing Properties

Strength properties of grains have a significant impact on the energy demand of grinding mills. This paper presents the results of tests of strength and energy needed the for destruction of rice grains. The research aim was to experimentally determine mechanical and processing properties of the rice grains. The research problem was formulated in the form of questions: (1) what force and energy are needed to induce a rupture of rice grain of the Oryza sativa L. of long-grain variety? (2) what is the relationship between grain size and strength parameters and the energy of grinding rice grain of the species Oryza sativa L. long-grain variety? In order to find the answer to the problems posed, a static compression test of rice grains was done. The results indicate that the average forces needed to crush rice grain are 174.99 kg m·s−2, and the average energy is 28.03 mJ. There was no statistically significant relationship between the grain volume calculated based on the volumetric mass density Vρ and the crushing energy, nor between the volume Vρ and other strength properties of rice grains. In the case of Vs, a low negative correlation between strength σmin and a low positive correlation between the power inducing the first crack were found for the grain size related volume. A low negative correlation between the grain thickness a3, stresses σmin and work WFmax was found as well as a low positive correlation between thickness a3 and the force inducing the first crack Fmin.

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Arsenic in Rice: A New Global Disaster

SRI JNPG COLLEGE REVELATION A JOURNAL OF POPULAR SCIENCE ◽

10.29320/sjnpgrj.v2i01.11037 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Debasis Chakrabarty

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Oryza Sativa ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Staple Food ◽

Food Crop ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Rice Grains ◽

As Toxicity ◽

Essential Food

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is amidst the great essential food crop that offers a staple food for most of the world’s populace. Arsenic (As) is a carcinogenic heavy metal, which harms human health. In Asian countries, a major source of human As-intake is rice grains and; contamination of paddy soils by As and accumulation of As in rice grains is one of the serious agricultural issues. Hence, it is important to mitigate the effects of As toxicity as much as possible. In an attempt to minimize As accumulation in grains various genes have been introduced in rice. The main objective of this review is to provide an overview of the arsenic problem and various biotechnological methods exploited for reducing As accumulation in rice grain.

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Biochar and Sewage Sludge Application Increases Yield and Micronutrient Uptake in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ◽

10.1080/00103624.2018.1474900 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (13) ◽

pp. 1617-1628 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Hanuman Singh Jatav ◽

Satish Kumar Singh ◽

Yadvir Singh ◽

Omkar Kumar

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Micronutrient Uptake ◽

Sludge Application

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Interference of Red Rice (Oryza sativa) with Rice (O. sativa)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500083016 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 644-649 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Amadou Diarra ◽

Roy J. Smith ◽

Ronald E. Talbert

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Red Rice ◽

Cultivated Rice ◽

Rice Grains ◽

L 22

Red rice (Oryza sativaL. ♯ ORYSA) densities of 5, 108, and 215 plants/m2reduced grain yield of commercial rice (Oryza sativaL.) 22, 77, and 82%, respectively. At a cultivated rice density of 195 plants/m2, red rice at 5, 108, and 215 plants/m2reduced straw dry weight of cultivated rice 18, 66, and 68%, respectively. At a red rice density of 5 plants/m2, reduction in number of cultivated rice grains per panicle ranged from 8 to 18%, whereas densities of 108 and 215 plants/m2reduced grains per panicle 56 to 70%. Red rice grain yield was 24 to 33% lower in ‘Mars' rice than in ‘Lebonnet’. Mars, a medium-grain cultivar that matures in 138 days, competed better with red rice than Lebonnet, a long-grain cultivar that matures in 126 days.

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Transfer of Arsenic from Groundwater and Paddy Soil to Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Grain: A Micro Level Study in Chandina, Comilla

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v12i2.21734 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 74-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md. Habibur Rahman ◽

Md. Mohashin Farazi ◽

Kohinoor Begum ◽

Md. Serazul Islam

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Agricultural Soil ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Arsenic Concentration ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Permissible Limit ◽

Arsenic Content ◽

Soil Arsenic ◽

Micro Level

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the major food crops in many countries. As the cultivation of rice requires huge volume of water, long term use of Arsenic contaminated groundwater for irrigation may result in the increase of arsenic concentration in the agricultural soil and eventually accumulation in rice grains. A micro level study was conducted to investigate the transfer of arsenic from irrigation water and soil to rice plants in the arsenic affected 8 unions of Chandina upazilla, Comilla district. The level of arsenic in irrigation water (0.12±0.08 and 0.67±0.07 mg l-1) was much above the WHO permissible limit of 0.01 mg l-1 for drinking water and FAO permissible limit of 0.10 mg l-1 for irrigation water. The total soil arsenic concentrations ranged from 3.21±0.80 to 8.74±2.83 mg kg-1 dry weight of soil, which was below the maximum acceptable limit for agricultural soil of 20.0 mg kg-1 as recommended by the European Community. The accumulation of arsenic in the grain ranged from 0.12±0.04 to 0.58±0.06 mg kg-1 in Boro and 0.16±0.04 to 1.06±0.20 mg kg-1 in T. Aman. Except grain sample (T. Aman) of one union, the grains in both Boro and T. Aman of all unions did not exceed 1.0 mg kg-1 dry weight of arsenic (the permissible limit of arsenic in rice according to WHO recommendation). Thus, till now rice has remained harmless for consumption in the study area. The results clearly showed that the arsenic content in the grains of Boro rice is correlated to the intensity of arsenic contamination of irrigation water and soil. The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 74-82

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Organic Fertilizer Titonia Plus and Micro Nutrients Improved Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Production in Koto Panjang and Koto Tingga, Padang City, West Sumatera, Indonesia

Journal of Tropical Crop Science ◽

10.29244/jtcs.7.01.22-27 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (01) ◽

pp. 22-27

Author(s):

Nalwida Rozen ◽

Gusnidar Gusnidar ◽

Nurhajati Hakim

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

On Farm

A series of on-farm fi eld experiments were conducted in two locations in Padang, Koto Panjang and Koto Tingga, West Sumatera, Indonesia in 2015. The purpose of the experiment was to establish the formula of organic fertilizer derived from Tithonia supplied with micro nutrients, Zn and Mn, on rice. The experiments were conducted using completely-randomized block design with six treatments and three replications. The treatments were P = Tithonia Organic Fertilizer Plus (TOFP) + 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1, Q = TOFP + 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1+ 3.0 kg Zn.ha-1, R = TOFP + 4.5 kg Mn.ha-1 + 6 kg Zn.ha-1, S= TOFP + 4.5 kg Mn.ha-1+ 9 kg Zn.ha-1, T = TOFP only, U = 100% chemical fertilizer only. Treatment with micro nutrients as addition to TOFP (TOFP+ 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1 and TOFP+ 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1+3.0 kg Zn.ha-1) increased rice grain yield by 80 g per clump.

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Organic matter mineralisation in contrasting agricultural soils amended with sewage sludge .

Spanish Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.3232/sjss.2014.v4.n2.02 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Jose Navarro Pedreño ◽

Ignacio Gómez Lucas ◽

Jose Martín Soriano Disla

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Single Dose ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Soil C ◽

Multiple Sensor ◽

Sludge Application

The mineralisation of organic matter (OM) when sewage sludge was used as amendment in 70 contrasting agricultural soils from Spain was analysed. Soils received a single dose of sewage sludge (equivalent to 50t dry weight ha-1) and the O2 consumption was continuously monitored for 30 days using a multiple sensor respirometer in a laboratory experiment. The cumulative O2 consumption and rates after 8 and 30 days of incubation (O2 cum 8d, 30d and O2 rate 8d, 30d), the respiratory quotient (RQ), the maximum O2 rates over the incubation period (O2 max) and time from the beginning of the incubation when O2 max occurred (Tmax), were determined in both amended and non-amended soils. Sewage sludge application resulted in increased values for O2 max, O2 rate 8d, and O2 cum 30d. Differences were minor for Tmax, RQ 8d and O2 rate 30d. A considerable amount of the initial OM applied was mineralised during the first 8 days. Organic matter decomposition (as expressed by O2 cum 30d) was favoured in soils with high values of pH, carbonates, soil organic carbon and low values of amorphous Mn. Soils with these characteristics may potentially lose soil C after sewage sludge application.

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Efficacy of Fungicides Against Grain Discoloration Disease of Rice

International Journal of Economic Plants ◽

10.23910/2/2020.0367 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 073-076

Author(s):

V. A. Patil ◽

◽

P. B. Patel ◽

P. D. Ghoghari ◽

N. K. Kavad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Fungal Disease ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Maturity Stage ◽

Rice Grain ◽

New Combinations ◽

Cereal Crop

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the important cereal crop grown extensively in Gujarat. It suffers from grain discoloration fungal disease causing heavy losses at maturity stage of rice. A field experiment was laid out with the single and new combinations fungicides against rice grain discoloration disease under field conditions during kharif-2013-14, 2014-15 and 2015-16. Six fungicides at various concentrations were screened against rice grain discoloration disease. The trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% (0.03 %) @ 0.4 g l-1 and propiconazole 25 EC (0.025 %) @ 1.0 ml l-1 was found effective against rice grain discoloration and recorded significantly higher healthy grains.

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