scholarly journals Responses of the Black Bengal goat (Capra hircus) to PMSG and surgical embryo recovery within MOET technique

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
MO Faruk ◽  
FY Bari ◽  
M Shamsuddin ◽  
MGS Alam ◽  
MF Islam
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Natural Service ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Black Bengal Goat

The aim of the present study was to determine the responses of Black Bengal Goat following synchronization with alfaprostol, superovulation with PMSG and embryo collection with surgical procedure. This research work was carried out at the Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) during the period from January to December 2001. Three Flushing schedules have been carried out in one-year time consisting of 5 donor and 4 recipients in Flush I, 2 donors and 4 recipients in Flush II, and 4 donors and 3 recipients in Flush III. The donors as well as the recipients were synchronized with Gabbrostim® (Alfaprostol, VETEM, Italy) at the dose rate of 2-mg equivalent to 1ml/goat. Among 11 donors only 6 donors responded following first injection, but all donor responded with second and third injection of Gabbrostim®. The mean time of onset of oestrus and duration of oestrus in donor were 29.9 ± 9.20h, 50.0 ± 5.94h, 47.8 ± 4.05h and 20.9 ±5.10h, 27.9 ± 1.19h, 29.4 ± 1.36h respectively. Among 11 recipient does, only 6 responded following first injection of Gabbrostim, while that of second injection was 9. The mean time of onset of oestrus and duration of oestrus were 28.6 ± 9.69h, 40.1 ± 8.95h and 17.1 ± 5.05h, 22.5 ± 3.45h respectively. All 9 recipients responded in third injection and the mean time of onset of oestrus and duration of oestrus were 39.9 ± 5.06h and 27.4 ± 1.32h respectively. In all flushing schedules, superovulation was performed using PMSG (Folligon®, Intervet International B.V, Holland) at the dose rate of 900 IU, 800 IU and 700 IU respectively. Both natural service and AI was performed to fertilise the ovum after onset of oestrus. The superovulatory response was determined by counting the number of corpora lutea (CL) during collection of embryos. The percent of superovulatory donor goats were 100, 50 and 25% respectively. The mean number of ovulation was 13.6 ±3.6, 10.5 ± 8.5 and 3.5 ± 3.2 respectively. The embryos were collected surgically by using 50 ml Phosphate buffer saline (PBS). The embryos were counted and graded under stereomicroscope. The embryo collection rates varied from 0-100%. The recovered embryos were of 100% fertile. The total number of embryos recovered was 4, 8 and 8 with the percent of recovery 6, 38 and 61.5% respectively. In Flush I among 4 recovered embryos, 3 were Grade 1 morula and the rest embryo was Grade 2 late morula. In Flush II among 8 recovered embryos, 7 were Grade 2 early morula and rest embryo was Grade 2 late morula. In Flush III among 8 recovered embryos, 5 were Grade 2 morula and rests 3 were Grade 2 late morula. Key words: Black Bengal goat, PMSG, embryo, MOET DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v4i2.1293 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (2): 107-115

Effects of cloprostenol and flurogestone acetate sponge on embryo yields and quality in indigenous ewes in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Zohara ◽  
Azizunnesa ◽  
M. F. Islam ◽  
M. G. S. Alam ◽  
F. Y. Bari
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Fertilisation Rate ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Mean Time

The effects of two doses of cloprostenol and two doses of flurogestone acetate sponge on the onset of oestrus, and embryo recovery and quality were evaluated. Thirty-two indigenous ewes (Wera breed) were allocated into four groups of eight. All ewes were synchronised with 100 µg (Group I) or 175 µg (Group II) cloprostenol injection, 9 days apart, or insertion of intravaginal sponges containing 30 mg (Group III) or 45 mg (Group IV) flurogestone acetate (FGA) for 12 days. The ewes were superovulated with 600 IU PMSG intramuscularly 10 days after the second cloprostenol injection or immediately after sponge removal on Day 12. After the detection of oestrus, the ewes were mated naturally at 6 and 12 h, and some ewes were inseminated laparoscopically. Embryos were recovered surgically 5 or 6 days after service. All ewes exhibited oestrus. The onset of oestrus occurred significantly (P < 0.05) earlier in FGA-treated (50.0 ± 1.5 and 48.0 ± 0.00 h) than in cloprostenol-treated groups. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the mean time of onset of oestrus (50.0 ± 1.5 and 48.0 ± 0.00 h) between the two doses of cloprostenol. The mean number of corpora lutea (8.1 ± 1.26) and embryos recovered (6.1 ± 1.00) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in ewes treated with 45 mg FGA than in ewes treated with cloprostenol. Embryo recovery rate was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in ewes treated with 45 mg FGA (75.4%) than in other groups (41.7% and 51.6% in 100 μg and 175 μg cloprostenol- and 52.7% in 30 mg FGA-treated groups, respectively). Fertilisation rate was 93.3% in ewes given 100 µg cloprostenol, whereas other groups showed 100% fertilisation rate. The highest percentage (100%) of Grade 1 embryos was in FGA groups. In conclusion, despite FGA protocol presenting superior results, cloprostenol protocol was equally efficient in synchronising oestrus. The embryo recovery rate was better after 45 mg FGA than 30 mg FGA or after either dose of cloprostenol.

scholarly journals Pregnancy rate in indigenous ewes by direct transfer of vitrified embryos

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ghosh ◽  
MRI Talukder ◽  
PK Jha ◽  
MGS Alam ◽  
NS Juyena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Embryo Yield ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grade 3

The effects of PMSG on superovulation, quality of embryos, and pregnancy rate were studied following transfer of vitrified embryos into indigenous ewes. Three donor and nine recipient ewes were synchronized using two intramuscular doses of Cloprostenol (PGF2α) equivalent to 125 μg Prostaglandin F2α (Ovoprost® Bayer, New Zealand) at an interval of nine days. To ensure ovulation donor and recipient ewes were treated with 600 iu and 250 iu Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotrophin (PMSG; Folligon®, Intervet, Boxmeer, The Netherlands) at the time of 2nd injection of Prostaglandin F2α. All donor ewes were mated by fertile rams. Embryos were collected from donor ewes on day six after mating by inguinal laparotomy. Grade 1 embryos were vitrified using standard procedure. After thawing the embryos were transferred into the exteriorized uterine horn of the recipient by inguinal laparotomy. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by trans-abdominal ultrasonography on Day 40 of transfer. Oestrus occurred 31.3 ± 8.1 hours after second injection of prostaglandin and 32.6 ± 8.7 hours in recipients. Oestrus lasted 24.7 ± 9.9 hours in donors and 32.8 ± 12.8 hours in recipients. The mean numbers of corpora lutea and embryos of donor ewes were 11.7 ± 4.0 and 8 ± 2.6, respectively. Total embryo recovery rate of donor ewes was 68.6%. The mean values of qualities of embryo yield of donor ewes were 6 ± 1.7 grade 1, 0.3 ± 0.6 grade 2, 1.3 ± 1.2 grade 3, and 0.3 ± 0.6 grade 4. Twenty embryos were vitrified, 16 embryos were transferred and four recipient ewes were found pregnant. The pregnancy rate of recipient ewes was 44.4%.Bangl. vet. 2017. Vol. 34, No. 1, 27-33

Increased production of sheep embryos following superovulation of Merino ewes with a combination of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin and follicle stimulating hormone

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
JP Ryan ◽  
JR Hunton ◽  
WM Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Designed Experiment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotrophin ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

In a factorially designed experiment (N = 321), 0, 800 or 1600 I.U. pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) were administered in combination with 0, 12 or 18 mg follicle stimulating hormone (FSH-P) to superovulate Merino ewes in autumn and spring. A moderate dose of PMSG (800 I.U.) in conjunction with 12 or 18 mg FSH-P increased the ovulation rate above that observed when FSH-P was used alone. This was accomplished by (i) increasing the proportion of ewes that exhibited a superovulatory response (greater than 3 corpora lutea (CL) or persistent large follicles (LF): 69/70 (99%) v. 55/74 (74%), P less than 0.001), and (ii) in those ewes that exhibited a superovulatory response, by an additive effect of exogenous gonadotrophin (14.8 +/- 0.9 CL (69) v. 11.3 +/- 0.9 CL (55), P less than 0.01) without increasing the incidence of LF. The use of 1600 I.U. PMSG in conjunction with 12 or 18 mg FSH-P was characterized by an increase in the number of LF and, in comparison with 800 I.U. PMSG, a reduction in ovulation rate. Season had no effect on the numbers of CL, but total ovarian response (CL + LF) was higher in autumn than in spring (P less than 0.01), because of a greater incidence of LF (P less than 0.001). The proportion of ewes with regressed CL was higher in autumn than in spring (53/143 (37%) v. 32/156 (21%), P less than 0.01), and increased with increased dose of gonadotrophin. Furthermore, a nutritional component to the incidence of ewes with regressed CL was suggested by the observation that the mean concentration of plasma glucose was higher for ewes with normal CL than for ewes with regressed CL (P less than 0.05). Rates of ova or embryo recovery, fertilization and embryo development generally declined with an increase in the incidence of LF as a result of increases in the dose of gonadotrophin and season of administration.

IP Core Based Hardware Implementation of Multi-Layer Perceptrons on FPGAs: A Parallel Approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 5647-5653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Jun Li ◽  
Lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Universal Function ◽  
Multi Layer Perceptron ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ip Cores ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Function Approximator ◽  
Mean Time

There’re many models derived from the famous bio-inspired artificial neural network (ANN). Among them, multi-layer perceptron (MLP) is widely used as a universal function approximator. With the development of EDA and recent research work, we are able to use rapid and convenient method to generate hardware implementation of MLP on FPGAs through pre-designed IP cores. In the mean time, we focus on achieving the inherent parallelism of neural networks. In this paper, we firstly propose the hardware architecture of modular IP cores. Then, a parallel MLP is devised as an example. At last, some conclusions are made.

1416 Trauma Laparotomy: Experience of a Newly Established Major Trauma Centre in Northern Ireland

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Lee ◽  
B Bashabayev ◽  
S Yoong
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Royal Victoria Hospital ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Trauma Centre ◽  
Trauma Network ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Major Trauma Centre ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to assess the perioperative pathway and outcomes of trauma laparotomy during a one-year period in a newly established Major Trauma Centre in Northern Ireland. Method Retrospective review of a trauma registry undertaken at the Belfast Royal Victoria Hospital between August 2019 and August 2020. Results During this one-year period, there were a total of 17 trauma laparotomies, with a female-to-male ratio of 6:11, and a mean age of 38.9 years. 15 of 17 cases were due to blunt trauma, with only 2 cases of penetrating trauma. Of trauma laparotomies, 8 were performed during day-time hours (0801-1800), 4 during evening-hours (1801-0000), and 5 during night-time hours (0001-0800). One perioperative death was recorded. The mean time to CT from arrival to ED was 34 minutes (national target of 30 minutes). The mean time until final report was 477 minutes (national target of &lt; 24 hours). The decision to proceed to trauma laparotomy was made prior to the final report in 9 cases. The mean length of inpatient stay for trauma laparotomy patients was 23.3 days, with a mean of 8.9 days spent in critical care. Conclusions This review provides an overview of provision of care for patients who underwent trauma laparotomies in Royal Victoria Hospital MTC and identifies areas for improvement. We plan to prospectively review outcomes following the opening of the Major Trauma Ward on 7th September 2020 and the implementation of the Northern Ireland Major Trauma Network Bypass protocol on 26th October 2020.

scholarly journals Comparison of Wound-bed Preparation Time in Chronic Traumatic Wound Using Topical Honey Application and Conventional Dressing

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi A. Mukarramah ◽  
Gentur Sudjatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Wound Treatment ◽  
Preparation Time ◽  
Traumatic Wound ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Wound Bed Preparation ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Background Prior

Background: Prior to the de!nitive closure of wound by skin graft, it is essential for the recipient wound to be prepared adequately. Honey has been shown to exert a valuable effect in wound healing, atributale to its six favorable characteristics. This clinical study is proposed to determine the effectiveness of a specific sample honey (Madu Nusantara®) in accelarating the time of wound bed preparation in chronic traumatic wound.Methods: A randomized non-blinded clinical trial was done on patients with chronic traumatic wound who required wound bed preparation before definitive closure, during a one-year period. A total of 18 patients were included in the study, divided into two interventions. One has wound treated by topical application of honey (HDR), and controls were treated by conventional dressing (CDR). Daily wound treatment and evaluation was done using The Bates-Jensen Wound Assesment Tool until wound-bed was ready to be skin-grafted. The time required until wounds were ready to be grafted was also measured in both groups.Results: The mean time of wound bed preparation in HDR gorup was 12 days (n=11), and 26 days in CDR group(n=7, p 0.0055). The mean Bates-Jensen score of HDR improved from 45.45 before treatment to 23.36, versus 44.00 to 29.00 in CDR subjects.Conclusion: A favorable wound bed is essential prior to skin grafting.Our data shows that topical application of honey is more effective in accelerating the time of wound bed preparation than conventional dressing in patients with chronic traumatic wound.

scholarly journals EP39 Assessing the differences in times to general practitioner presentation and diagnosis, and outcomes, for axial spondyloarthritis patients in different ethnic groups

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Owusu-Agyei ◽  
Ayna Verdiyeva ◽  
Marian Chan
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Caucasian Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract Background There is a documented delay to diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis. The Luton & Dunstable University Hospital Rheumatology department looks after an ethnically diverse population of patients with the condition. This study aimed to compare time from symptom onset to general practitioner (GP) presentation, time from symptom onset to diagnosis, and response to treatment between different ethnic groups. Methods 124 patients with axial spondyloarthritis, according to the Luton & Dunstable University Hospital Infoflex database, were identified. 24 patients were excluded due to a peripheral spondyloarthritis diagnosis. A retrospective case note review of 100 case records was undertaken. Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel. Results The mean age was 44 years. 64 (64%) patients were male and 36 (36%) were female. Ethnicity breakdown showed 58 White British patients; 12 Pakistani; 7 White Other; 6 Bangladeshi; 5 White Irish; 5 Asian; 4 Indian and 3 Black Caribbean. There were 70 Caucasian (White British, Irish or Other) and 30 non-Caucasian patients. Based on available data for 57 patients, the median time of symptom onset to GP presentation was 48 months. Based on available data for 49 patients, the median time of symptom onset to diagnosis was 53 months. The mean time of symptom onset to GP presentation was 93 months in Caucasians vs. 66 months in non-Caucasians. The mean time of symptom onset to diagnosis was 91 months in Caucasians vs. 70 months in non-Caucasians. 12 patients presented within one year of symptom onset. Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) data were available for 7/12 patients who presented within one year of symptom onset and 25/45 patients who presented after one year. Following NSAIDs or biologics, there was a larger decrease in the first measured BASDAI for those who presented within one year of symptom onset (Mean BASDAI decrease: 2.77 vs. 2.06). BASDAI data were available for 43/70 Caucasian patients and 18/30 non-Caucasian patients, regardless of time of presentation. The mean decrease in first measured BASDAI was smaller in Caucasian patients vs. non-Caucasian patients (Mean BASDAI decrease: 2.49 vs. 2.66). BASDAI data were available for 5/7 Caucasian and 2/5 non-Caucasian patients presenting within one year of symptom onset. The mean BASDAI decrease was 5.65 in non-Caucasian patients vs. 1.62 in Caucasian patients. BASDAI data were available for 15/26 Caucasian and 10/19 non-Caucasian patients presenting after one year of symptom onset. Mean BASDAI decrease was 2.26 in non-Caucasian vs. 1.93 in Caucasian patients. Conclusion There is a shorter mean time of symptom onset to GP presentation and diagnosis in non-Caucasians compared to Caucasians. There is a higher response to treatment in patients who present within one year of symptom onset, supporting the hypothesis that early diagnosis leads to better outcomes. Disclosures: A. Owusu-Agyei: None. A. Verdiyeva: None. M. Chan: None.

Successful embryo transfer following artificial insemination of superovulated fallow deer (Dama dama)

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
HN Jabbour ◽  
VS Marshall ◽  
CM Argo ◽  
J Hooton ◽  
AS Loudon
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Dama Mesopotamica ◽  
Morula Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Follicular Response

Thirty-four European fallow deer (Dama dama dama) were randomly allocated into embryo donor (n = 12) or embryo recipient (n = 22) groups. All does were treated with controlled internal drug release (CIDR) devices for 14 days. Animals in the embryo donor group were further treated with 200 I.U. pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) and 0.5 units ovine follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). PMSG was administered 72 h before withdrawal of CIDR devices and FSH was given in eight 0.063 unit injections at 12-hourly intervals starting at the time of PMSG administration. All embryo donor animals were inseminated, by laparoscopy in both uterine horns, 36 h after withdrawal of CIDR devices with 25 x 10(6) fresh spermatozoa collected from Mesopotamian fallow deer (Dama dama mesopotamica). Embryos were recovered by laparotomy on Day 3 (n = 6) or Day 6 (n = 6) after withdrawal of CIDR devices and the ovarian response was determined. In total, 22 embryos were transferred into the oviduct (2-4-cell stage, n = 14) or uterine horn (morula stage, n = 8) on Day 3 or Day 6 after withdrawal of CIDR devices respectively. The overall means (+/- s.e.m.) of total follicular response and corpora lutea were 24.2 +/- 3.5 and 14.1 +/- 3.6 respectively. The mean number of large unruptured follicles was higher on Day 6 than on Day 3 (13.5 +/- 2.9 v. 6.7 +/- 1.3, P < 0.05). The overall embryo recovery rate was 45.8%. There was no difference in pregnancy rate following transfer of embryos on either Day 3 or Day 6 (7/14 v. 5/8 respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF SUPPLY COMPONENT OF BETA VALVE, BLEED VALVE AND PROPELLER REDUCTION GEARBOX

Vortex ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Ririn Isnawati
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Activity ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Component Replacement

Maintenance  is  a  very  important  thing  to  do  in  order  to  keep  the  aircraft  in flightworthiness. One form of maintenance activity is the replacement of components that have been damaged (failed). Inventory components can not be a avided because to get it can not be done  suddenly  while  for  those  needs  can  occur  suddenly.  Thus,  it  is  necessary  to  plan  the number  of  component  inventories  so  that  smooth  production  is  maintained.  Efforts  to  solve these problems use the Mean Time Between Removal (MTBR) equation. Where MTBR is used to determine inventory levels and component replacement scheduling. In addition, the MTBR is a formula or model to determine how much inventory per year will minimize the depletion of  inventory  in  the depository  and  for  estimating  component  replacement.  From  the  data processingof the G120 TP-A GROB, the number of component inventories in one year is based on  the  age  of  components  from  manufacture (MTBRStandard),  among  others:  10  Beta  Valve Components, 17 Bleed Valve Components, and 13 Propeller Reduction Gearbox Components

168 INFLUENCE OF SEVERAL INSULIN PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS ON PROGESTERONE PRODUCTION AND HISTOLOGY OF CORPORA LUTEA IN SUPEROVULATED EWES

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
H. M. Brandão ◽  
E. H. Madureira ◽  
R. V. Sousa ◽  
F. Wouters ◽  
E. L. Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Progesterone Production ◽  
Eosinophilic Cytoplasm ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

Nutritional status is essential for the determination of mammalian reproductive performance, and insulin is one of the main indicators for such condition. This hormone is able to interfere, directly or indirectly, with CL function, leading to alterations in steroidogenic capacity and cell development and, consequently, early embryonic development. The aim of this work was to identify CL histological alterations caused by different insulin plasma concentrations in superovulated ewes, as well as their interference in CL progesterone production. Santa Inês ewes (n = 24, 4 years old) were divided into 3 treatments: control (T1, n = 9); hypoinsulinemic (T2, n = 6), and hyperinsulinemic (T3, n = 9). In order to become hypoinsulinemic, ewes were treated with a single dose of alloxan monohydrate (50 mg kg-1 i.v; Sigma-Aldich, St. Louis, MO, USA) 48 h before the beginning of the superovulation protocol, whereas the hyperinsulinemic group was treated with administrations of 20 IU of NPH human insulin at every 12 h (Biolin-N; BIOBRAS, Montes Claros, Brazil). All animals were fed corn silage and minerals ad libitum. Animals had their estrus synchronized with vaginal pessaries containing medroxyprogesterone acetate (60 mg) and were superovulated with porcine FSH (250 IU, PLUSET®, Calier, Spain) and eCG (250 IU, Novormon®, Schering-Plough, Kenilworth, NJ, USA), in a 13-day protocol. After removal of vaginal pessaries, blood samples used for quantification of progesterone and plasmatic insulin by radioimmunoassay were collected daily at 0700 h until the day before embryo recovery. Hysterectomy was performed in all groups after embryo recovery (T1: n = 3, T2: n = 6, and T3: n = 4), and ovaries were placed in buffered formalin saline. CL histological sections were evaluated by hematoxylin/eosin staining. Results were assessed by SAS statistical analysis software, using the MIXED procedure (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Mean values were compared by Tukey’s test. The mean CL number was lower in T2 (5.0 ± 2.7; P < 0.05) compared with T1 (10.2 ± 5.1) and T3 (11.3 ± 3.0) animals. No histological differences were observed between treatments T1 and T3. However, CL within the T2 group had a higher number of cells with picnotic nuclei and strongly contracted eosinophilic cytoplasm. Such alterations are suggestive of cellular apoptosis. The T2 group also differed for P4 production (P < 0.01) from the second (T2: 2.23 ± 0.71 ηg mL-1; T1: 5.42 ± 4.01 ηg mL-1; T3: 6.44 ± 2.76 ηg mL-1) to the sixth day post-estrus (T2: 7.58 ± 7.00; T1: 24.79 ± 8.40; T3: 32.07 ± 0.85 ηg mL-1). The mean insulin plasma concentration differed between treatments (P < 0.01); higher concentrations were obtained in the T3 group (20.05 ± 7.50 μIU mL-1), whereas the T2 group had lower concentrations (10.18 ± 3.57 μIU mL-1) compared to controls (T1: 14.52 ± 3.80 μIU mL-1). In conclusion, low plasma concentration of insulin may restrict the response to superovulatory treatment and cause CL histological changes, suggesting a reduction in cell activity due to premature cellular senescence.

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