Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Diseases in Bangladesh: Challenges and Remedies

In the 21st century, Rheumatic fever (RF) and Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are neglected diseases of marginalized communities. Globally, RHD remains the most-common cardiovascular disease in young people aged <25 years. Although RF and RHD have been almost eradicated in areas with established economies, migration from low-income to high-income settings might be responsible for a new burden of RHD in high-income countries. Globally, the prevalence of rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) has declined sharply but, in developing countries, RF is still aleading cause of heart disease and, consequently, death in children and young adults. In 2005, it was estimated that over 2.4 million children aged 5-14 years were having RHD globally and 79% of all these cases were from lessdeveloped countries.Cardiovasc. j. 2018; 10(2): 206-211

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Improvement of Rheumatic Valvular Heart Disease in Patients Undergoing Prolonged Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.3389/fcvm.2021.676098 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Renato Pedro de Almeida Torres ◽

Rômulo Francisco de Almeida Torres ◽

Gabrielle de Crombrugghe ◽

Scarllet Palacin Moraes da Silva ◽

Sarah Leticia Veroneze Cordeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Rheumatic Fever ◽

Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Secondary Prophylaxis ◽

Aortic Valves ◽

Reference Center ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii ◽

Rheumatic Heart

Secondary prophylaxis of rheumatic heart diseases is efficient in reducing disease recurrence, heart damage, and cardiac impairment. We aimed to monitor the clinical evolution of a large Brazilian cohort of rheumatic patients under prolonged secondary prophylaxis. From 1986 to 2018, a cohort of 593 patients with rheumatic fever was followed every 6 months by the Reference Center for the Control and Prevention of Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Cardiopathy (CPCFR), Paraná, Brazil. In this cohort, 243 (41%) patients did not present cardiac damage (group I), while 350 (59%) were diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) (group II) using the latest case definition. Among group II, 233 and 15 patients had impairment of the mitral and aortic valves, respectively, while 102 patients had impairment of both valves. Lesions on the mitral and aortic valves presented a regression in 69.9 and 48.7% of the patients, respectively. Active patient recruitment in the reference center and early detection of oropharyngeal GAS were important factors for optimal adherence to the prophylactic treatment. Patients with disease progression were associated with noncompliance to secondary prophylaxis. No patients undergoing regular prophylaxis presented progression of the rheumatic cardiac disease. Eighteen valvular surgeries were performed, and four (0.7%) patients died. This study confirmed that tailored and active efforts invested in rheumatic heart disease secondary prevention allowed for significant clinical improvement.

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Factors Affecting Therapeutic Compliance among the Patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease in Bangladesh

Cardiovascular Journal ◽

10.3329/cardio.v10i2.36289 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 180-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kakon Farzana ◽

Mohammad Omar Faruque ◽

Salma Zareen ◽

Kamrun Nahar Choudhury ◽

Ahmed Hossain

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Rheumatic Fever ◽

Disease Control ◽

Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rheumatic Heart

Background: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) can recur as a result of subsequent Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections and each recurrence can worsen Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) that has evoked a substantial disease burden in developing countries, including Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to determine the penicillin compliance for rheumatic fever patients.Methods: A matched cross sectional study was conducted among 160 patients in National Center for the Control of Rheumatic Fever and Heart Diseases (NCCRF/HD), Dhaka. Data was collected on face-to-face interview using a standard structured questionnaire about socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral factors. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the data.Results: The multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that duration of diagnosis>5 beyond the duration of diagnosis <5 years (OR=2.484, CI=1.170-5.421), age (OR=0.548,CI=0.217-0.574), sex (OR=0.916, CI=0.422-1.964), education (OR=1.963, CI= 0.737-05.361), marital status(OR=0.700, CI=0.272-1.774), fathers education (OR=0.482 CI=0.176 -1.279) and family member (OR= 0.619 CI= 0.2 97 -1.261) were significantly or almost significantly associated with RHD status.Conclusion: In this study, the identified risk groups for rheumatic heart disease reflect a complex interaction between socioeconomic conditions and chronic disease status. Interventions focused on education and poverty will undoubtedly be useful, but not sufficient. Rheumatic heart disease control would benefit from a collaboration of broad public health activities aimed at the prevention and control other chronic diseases. The integration of rheumatic heart disease control activities with non communicable disease programme is crucial in Bangladesh.Cardiovasc. j. 2018; 10(2): 180-185

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The polymorphism at the microRNA-155 binding site in AGTR1 gene is not significantly associated with rheumatic heart disease in Saudi Arabia population

MicroRNA ◽

10.2174/2211536609666200108093657 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 09 ◽

Author(s):

S. Justin Carlus ◽

Fiona Hannah Carlus ◽

Mazen Khalid Al-Harbi ◽

Abdulhadi H Al-Mazroea ◽

Khalid M Al- Harbi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Genotype Distribution ◽

Allelic Discrimination ◽

Children And Young Adults ◽

And Control ◽

Rheumatic Heart

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a major cause of cardiovascular diseases and the most devastating effects are on children and young adults. RHD is caused due to the interaction between microbial, environmental, immunologic, and genetic factors. The renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) has been strongly implicated as the susceptibility pathway in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Objective: The present study investigated the modulating effect of Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) 1166A>C polymorphism on the RHD and its clinical features in Saudi Arabia. Methods: AGTR1 1166A>C polymorphism was genotyped in 96 echocardiographically confirmed RHD patients and 142 ethnically matched controls by TaqMan allelic discrimination method. Results: Genotype distribution of the AGTR1 1166A>C polymorphism was not significantly different between RHD and control groups. Further, AGTR1 1166A>C genotypes are not associated with the clinical features of RHD. These data support that there was no evidence for an association between AGTR1 1166A>C polymorphism and RHD in Saudi Arabia. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study that has investigated the possible association between AGTR1 1166A>C polymorphism and susceptibility to RHD and its clinical features. Even though AGTR1 gene is 1166A>C (rs5186) was reported to be associated with hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and coronary heart disease. Present study did not find any association between AGTR1 1166A>C polymorphism and RHD in Saudi Arabia. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.

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