scholarly journals Evaluation of quality and variety of Indonesian cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Amarullah
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Tuber Weight ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Cassava Varieties

The evaluating cassava varieties for productivity necessary to assess the cassava stem characteristics for their suitability as planting material and to improve the capability of cassava farmers to select good quality cassava varieties. Cassava varieties are generally distinguished from each other by their morphological characteristics, which include leaf, stem and tuber colour. The cassava planting material used in this study and some of characteristics by five cassava varieties, consisted of mature stem cuttings of about 20 cm in length, containing between 10 and 12 nodes and planted in a vertical position along the top of the ridges. Each plot consisted of 30 plants, with date being taken from ten plants within each plot. Cassava varieties Malang-6 presented the highest yield average is 13.81 tones ha-1 followed by Singgah and Adira-4 i.e. 11.98 t ha-1 and 11.11 t ha-1 of different varieties 1 yang Ketan, which only weighs 6.63 t ha-1. Harvest index varieties of Adira-4, Malang-6, UJ 5 and Singgah were found 0.78, 0.77, 0.77 and 0.76, respectively higher and significantly different IP varieties of glutinous Ketan is 0.58. Malang varieties and Malang-6 that produces the highest tuber weight, has a low dry matter content is 5.65% and 5.62%. The Ketan varieties and UJ-5 has a tuber weight was significantly lower with dry matter content higher than that dried 8.69% and 8.68%. The UJ-5 varieties has a tuber weight starch HCN 230,17 higher and significantly other variety. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 108-116, June 2020

scholarly journals Evaluation of popular cassava varieties for yield and cyanide content under ASAL conditions in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (s1) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
M. Wambua ◽  
R.M.S. Mulwa ◽  
P.F. Arama ◽  
S.A. Atieno ◽  
J.O. Ogendo
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
General Preference ◽  
Cassava Varieties ◽  
Cyanide Content

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a staple food crop grown by smallholder farmers in the marginal regions of western, coastal and eastern Kenya. The objective of this study was to evaluate popular cassava varieties for yield and cyanide content in the arid and semi-arid regions of Kenya. The study was carried out at five sites located in three sub-counties of Nakuru county in Kenya. Treatments included a collection of 27 sweet cassava varieties obtained from Western Kenya. Results revealed significant variations among varieties in all sites, for all parameters measured. The highest yields were obtained at Subukia, with the variety MM99/0067 yielding up to 200 t ha-1. Cyanide content varied significant among the varieties and sites; and was high in most of the cultivars, with highest levels recorded in variety Rao Onyoni (17.3 mg100 g-1) grown at the Lare site. The highest dry matter content was recorded in variety Selele rabuor (60.5%), at the Solai III site. Participating farmers ranked the materials based on yield, taste and order of general preference as follows: Subukia site (MM96/0067, NyaTanga, Adhiambo Lera, KME-1 and MH95/0183); Lare site (Nyar AICAD, Nyar Maseno, NyaTanga, and MM96/2480); and Solai site (KME-1, Nyar AICAD, Adhiambo Lera, Karembo, and Obaro dak).

scholarly journals Effect of mosaic virus diseases on dry matter content and starch yield of five cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) accessions in Ghana

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (27) ◽  
pp. 4310-4316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elegba Wilfred ◽  
S Appiah rew ◽  
Azu Elaine ◽  
Afful Nusrat ◽  
K S Agbemavor Wisdom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Starch Yield

scholarly journals Association between the morphological and productive characteristics in the selection of elephant grass clones

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio Vieira da Cunha ◽  
Mario de Andrade Lira ◽  
Mércia Virginia Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Erinaldo Viana de Freitas ◽  
José Carlos Batista Dubeux Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Canonical Correlations ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Tiller Density

The objectives in this work were to study the association between the morphological and productive characteristics in Pennisetum sp. clones, and to identify the morphological characteristics responsible for the productivity in Pennisetum cp. clones. The canonical correlations were evaluated and the path analysis was made from the simple genotypic correlation matrix between the morphological and productive characteristics of eight Pennisetum sp. clones (Taiwan A-146 2.37, Taiwan A-146 2.27, Taiwan-146 2.114, Merker México MX 6.31, Mott, HV-241, Elefante B and IRI-381). The canonical correlations were significant at 1% probability by the Chi-square test. The first pair of canonic factors, with correlation of 0.9999, related the plants with the highest dry matter content to plants with lower leaf area indexes, light perception and leaf angle. The second pair of canonic factors, with correlation of 0.9999, related the plants with the highest dry matter production to the plants with higher basal tiller density, height, and low green leaf number per tiller. The results of the path analysis indicated that the light interception is determinant in dry matter content expression of Pennisetum sp. clones, while the basal tiller density and plant height are responsible for dry matter production in these clones.

scholarly journals The Effect of Polyethylene Film and Polypropylene Non-Woven Fabric Cover on Cobs Parameters and Nutritional Value of Two Sweet Maize (Zea mays L. var. saccharata Bailey) Hybrids

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Adamczewska-Sowińska ◽  
Józef Sowiński ◽  
Mirosław Anioł ◽  
Piotr Ochodzki ◽  
Roman Warzecha
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Polyethylene Film ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
F1 Hybrid

In 2012–2014, at the Research and Didactic Station of the Department of Horticulture at Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences (51°19′06′′ N, 17°03′49′′ E), field studies were conducted to evaluate the responses of two sweet maize hybrids to sowing dates (early and optimum) and five methods of maize plant coverings—polyethylene film: perforated (PE), red (PER), green (PEG), polypropylene non-woven fabric (PP), and control (C), with non-irrigation systems. Total yield and morphological characteristics of cobs were compared. In 2012 soluble sugars and carotenoids content were measured. The use of maize cover at the beginning of growth (PE and PER) significantly influenced the number of rows, while PE and PEG increased the number of grains per cob. Covering maize sown at a later date, with polyethylene film and non-woven fabric, ensured better production effects than using such covers after earlier sowing. Signet F1 hybrid was charact0erized by significantly higher sugar content and Rustler F1 by higher lutein and zeaxanthin levels. The application of the optimum sowing date resulted in a significantly higher yield of cobs, by 11.3%, than after early sowing. The yield increase as a result of the applied covers was higher after sowing at a later date. The content of dry matter in grains was positively correlated with the content of sucrose, glucose, and fructose. The change in carotenoids content also depended on the accumulation of dry matter in the kernels. The study confirmed the correlation of sweet maize accumulated growing degree days (AGDD), and revealed dependence of grain quality on dry matter content in the grain.

scholarly journals ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA NỒNG ĐỘ Na2SO3 ĐẾN MỘT SỐ GIỐNG SẮN TRIỂN VỌNG TẠI THỪA THIÊN HUẾ

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 2012-2019
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Đình Thi ◽  
Thái Thị Hồng Mỹ ◽  
Lê Thị Hương Xuân
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Cassava Varieties

Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của các nồng độ Na2SO3 (0, 100, 300, 500 ppm) đến 03 giống sắn KM 94, KM 21-12 và KM 444 trong năm 2019 tại vùng sinh thái gò đồi thị xã Hương Trà, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế nhằm mục đích xác định ảnh hưởng và nồng độ Na2SO3 phù hợp cho cây sắn. Kết quả đạt được là: 1) Phun Na2SO3 ở các nồng độ thí nghiệm đã tăng sinh trưởng thân - lá - củ, năng suất, chất lượng củ và hiệu quả kinh tế của 03 giống sắn thí nghiệm. 2) Tại nồng độ phun Na2SO3 từ 300 đến 500 ppm, so với đối chứng giống KM 94 tăng năng suất thực thu 19,5 - 20,2%, tỷ lệ sắn lát đạt 40,9 - 41,1%, hàm lượng tinh bột đạt 29,3 - 30,2% và năng suất ethanol tăng 23,6 - 26,6%; Giống KM 21-12 tăng năng suất thực thu 15,1 - 18,6%, tỷ lệ sắn lát đạt 40,5 - 41,0%, hàm lượng tinh bột đạt 29,7 - 29,8% và năng suất ethanol tăng 21,6 - 25,8%; Giống KM 444 tăng năng suất thực thu 18,4 - 19,9%, tỷ lệ sắn lát đạt 40,6 - 40,8%, hàm lượng tinh bột đạt 30,3 - 30,9% và năng suất ethanol tăng 24,9 - 25,7%. ABSTRACT The study on the effects of Na2SO3 concentrations (0, 100, 300, 500 ppm) on 03 cassava varieties (KM 94, KM 21-12 and KM444) was conducted in 2019 in hilly ecological area of Huong Tra town, Thua Thien Hue province to determine the effect and suitable concentration of Na2SO3 for cassava. The results showed that: 1) Spraying Na2SO3 at a rate of 640 liters/ha with experimental concentrations increased stem - leaf - root growth, yield and quality of roots and economic efficiency of all of 03 cassava varieties. 2) Spraying Na2SO3 at concentrations from 300 to 500 ppm, compared with the control, KM 94 increased root yield of 19.5 - 20.2%, dry matter content reached 40.9 - 41.1%, starch content reached 29.3 - 30.2% and ethanol production increased by 23.6 - 26.6%; KM 21 - 12 increased root yield of 15.1 - 18.6%, dry matter content reached 40.5 - 41.0%, starch content reached 29.7 - 29.8% and ethanol production increased by 21.6 - 25.8%; KM 444 increased root yield of 18.4 - 19.9%, dry matter content reached 40.6 - 40.8%, starch content reached 30.3 - 30.9% and ethanol production increased by 24.9 - 25.7%.  

scholarly journals Fruit Setting in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Varieties as Influenced by Genotype and Maternal Inheritance

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
U. N. Ukwu ◽  
S. O. Muojiama ◽  
B. Olasanmi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Maternal Inheritance ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Hand Pollination ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
Cassava Varieties

Hand pollination was carried out among five varieties of cassava in reciprocals to investigate the influence of genotype and maternal inheritance on fruit setting in cassava varieties. The experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Agronomy University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Three yellow flesh varieties (IITA-TMS-I011412, IITA-TMS-I011368 and IITA-TMS-I070539) with high β-carotene content and two white flesh varieties (IITA-TMS-I30752 and COB-7-25) with high dry matter content were crossed in a reciprocal, with no selfing to produce fourteen hybrid seeds. Data obtained were subjected to correlation analysis and two-tailed t-test. The result showed that both genotype and maternal inheritance influenced fruit setting in cassava species. The cross IITA-TMS-I011368 x IITA-TMS-I011412 gave the highest fruit set percentage (57.1) and was followed by IITA-TMS-I30752 x IITA-TMS-I011412 (39.8) IITA-TMS-I011368 x IITA-TMS-I070539 (26.5) IITA-TMS-I070539 x IITA-TMS-I011412 (24.9) and IITA-TMS-I30752 x IITA-TMS-I011368 (24.1). Significant reciprocal difference (p = 0.02) was recorded between the F1 and the reciprocal crosses, which implies that fruit setting in cassava is significantly influenced by cytoplasmic genes which are exclusively transmitted by the maternal parent. IITA-TMS-I011368 and IITA-TMS-I011412 were the best female and male parent across the five genotypes, with mean fruit set percentage of 24.9 and 28.8, respectively. In this regard, the best female and male parents (IITA-TMS-I011368 and IITA-TMS-I011412) are good candidates for generation of large populations of β-caroten-rich cassava varieties.

scholarly journals Quantitative trait loci controlling cyanogenic glucoside and dry matter content in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) roots

Hereditas ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Balyejusa Kizito ◽  
Ann-Christin Rönnberg-Wästljung ◽  
Thomas Egwang ◽  
Urban Gullberg ◽  
Martin Fregene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Cyanogenic Glucoside ◽  
Trait Loci

scholarly journals Comparison of methods for phenotypic stability analysis of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes for yield and storage root dry matter content

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinícius Kvitschal ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Maria Celeste Gonçalves-Vidigal ◽  
Edvaldo Sagrilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Phenotypic Stability ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Root Dry Matter Content

The objective of this work was to compare different phenotypic stability methods by using yield and storage root dry matter content data of eight cassava genotypes, assessed in eight environments in northwest of Paraná State, Brazil. All the methodologies applied showed to be able to study the stability of cassava genotypes, but each with its peculiarities. The methodologies of Eskridge, Annicchiarico and Lin and Binns were the most appropriated on situation with smaller effect of G x E interaction. The AMMI analysis and the Toler and Burrows methodology were the most specific on detailing specific adaptations of cassava genotypes to favorable and unfavorable environments. It could be suggested to use simultaneous AMMI analysis and Toler and Burrows methodology. The clone IAC 190-89 was the most promising.

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