scholarly journals Effects of neem, betel leaf, devil's tree, jute and turmeric against gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Amin ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
MA Asgar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Group A

Effects of neem, betel leaf, devil’s tree, jute and turmeric against natural gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep and on some hematological parameters (TEC, Hb and PCV) and body weight were studied. Thirty (30) naturally parasitized sheep were randomly divided into six groups(A, B, C, D, E and F), each consisting of five sheep. Ten percent water extract of leaves of neem, betel leaf, devil’s tree and jute were administered orally to the sheep of group A, B, C and D, respectively. Sheep of group E was treated orally with 10% water extract of rhizome of turmeric. Sheep of group F was kept as infected control group. Fecal samples, hematological parameters and body weight were examined before treatment and on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day. A significant (p<0.01) reduction of EPG count was found following administration of neem (37.60-47.03%), betel leaf (6.43-14.00%), devil’s tree (3.04-11.04%), jute (0.50-5.26%) and turmeric (0.46-8.30) in sheep. The EPG count of the control group (F) were significantly (p<0.01) increased up to the last day of experimental period. After treatment with neem, betel leaf, devil’s tree, jute and turmeric total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb) content and packed cell volume (PCV) were increased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in sheep. The body weight was increased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in neem, betel leaf, devil’s tree, jute and turmeric treated sheep. On the other hand, body weight was decreased in untreated control group. The present study reveal that 10% water extract of neem was moderately effective and betel leaf, devil’s tree, jute and turmeric were relatively less effective against gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. Keywords: Neem; Betel leaf; Devil’s tree; Jute; Turmeric; Gastrointestinal nematode DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v8i2.7935 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(2): 259-263, 2010  

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacy of Barbados Lilac, Pineapple And Benazol® Against Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Cattle

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
MR Amin ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
ML Sharmin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Control Group

The effect of barbados lilac (Melia azedarach, Linn., @100 mg/kg bwt. ), pineapple (Ananas comosus, Merr., @100mg/kg bwt.) and Benazol® (albendazole, @7.5 mg/kg bwt.) against natural gastrointestinal nematodes were studied in cattle. Their effect of TEC, Hb, PCV, TLC, ALT, AST and body weight were observed. Twenty four (24) naturally parasitized cattle of BAU Dairy Farm, Mymensingh were randomly divided into four groups, each consisting of six (6) cattle. Water extract of leaves of barbados lilac and pineapple were administered orally to the cattle of group A and B, respectively. Cattle of group C were treated with Benazol® orally. Cattle of group D was kept as infected control group. Fecal samples, body weight, hematological and biochemical parameters were examined before treatment and on 3rd, 10th, 17th and 28th day. A significant (p<0.01) reduction of EPG count was found following administration of barbados lilac (39.11-60.07%), pineapple (29.50-45.36%) and Benazol® (62.19-90.44%) in cattle. Whereas EPG increased significantly (p<0.01) in control group throughout the experimental period. After treatment with barbados lilac, pineapple and Benazol®, total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb) content and packed cell volume (PCV) were gradually increased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in cattle. Conversely, the total leukocyte count (TLC) were decreased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in treated cattle. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level were not significantly changed in the cattle. The body weight was increased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in barbados lilac, pineapple and Benazol® treated cattle.In contrast, body weight was decreased in control group. The present study reveals that water extracts of barbados lilac leaves were moderately effective and pineapple leaves were relatively less effective against mixed gastrointestinal nematode infections in cattle.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.17107 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 51 - 59, 2008 

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacy of Tobacco, Jute and Levavet® Against Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Cattle

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
MR Amin ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
SMA Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group D

The effect of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum, Linn., @100mg/kg bwt.), jute (Corchorus capsularis, Linn., @100 mg/kg bwt.) and Levavet® (levamisole, @ 7.5 mg/kg bwt.) against natural gastrointestinal nematodes were studied in cattle. Their effect on hematological parameters (TEC, Hb, PCV and TLC), biochemical parameters (ALT and AST) and clinical parameter (body weight) were also observed. Twenty four (24) naturally parasitized cattle of BAU Dairy Farm, Mymensingh were randomly divided into four groups, each consisting of six (6) cattle. Water extract of leaves of tobacco and jute were administered orally to the cattle of group A and B, respectively. Cattle of group C were treated with Levavet® orally. Cattle of group D was kept as infected control group. Fecal samples, body weight, hematological and biochemical parameters were examined before treatment and on 3rd, 10th, 17th and 28th day. A significant (p<0.01) reduction of EPG count was found following administration of tobacco (34.32-51.26%), jute (8.80-27.76%) and Levavet®(89.31-100%) in cattle. The EPG count of the control group (D) were significantly (p<0.01) increased up to the last day of experimental period. After treatment with tobacco, jute and Levavet®, total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb) content and packed cell volume (PCV) were gradually increased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in cattle. Conversely, the total leukocyte count (TLC) were decreased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in treated cattle. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level were not significantly changed in the cattle. The body weight was increased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in tobacco, jute and Levavet® treated cattle whereas decreased in control group. It is found that water extracts of tobacco leaves were moderately effective and jute leaves were relatively less effective against mixed gastrointestinal nematode infections in cattle.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.17108 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 61 - 68, 2008 

scholarly journals Effects of triclabendazole and nitroxynil on EPG, hematological parameters and body weight against fascioliasis in goats at government goat development farm, Sylhet, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Khanam ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
M Aktaruzzaman ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infected Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of triclabendazole and nitroxynil against fascioliasis in goat for a period of 28 days on 20 black bengal goats. Among hundred goats, twenty were selected for this study which was suffering from liver fluke (Fasciola gigantica) infection and were marked by tagging. Twenty goats were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C and D) where each group comprising of five goats. Group A were treated with tablet fasinex (triclabendazole, Novartis Ltd, Bangladesh) orally at the dose rate of 12 mgkg-1body weight, group B were treated with acinex (triclabendazole, ACI Ltd, Bangladesh) orally at the dose rate of 12 mgkg-1body weight and group C were treated with nitronex injection (nitroxynil, Renata Ltd, Bangladesh) subcutaneously at the dose rate of 10 mgkg-1 body weight. Goats of group D was kept as infected control group without giving any treatment. A significant (P<0.01) reduction of egg per gram (EPG) count was found on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days of treated goats of group A, B and C, respectively. The EPG count of control group were significantly (P<0.01) increased 7 day onwards up to experimental period. Reduction of mean EPG on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day after treatment in group A, B and C were 81.48%, 81.25% and 83.04%, respectively, whereas in control group the mean EPG were 22.43%. Of the hematological parameters, TEC, Hb and PCV values were lower on day 0 but turned to increase (p<0.01) on day 28 of the study. On the other hand, ESR and TLC were higher before treatment (day 0) but decreased significantly (p<0.01) on day 28.The body weight increased significantly (P<0.01) after treatments in group A, B and C respectively except untreated control. This result may indicate that three commercial anthelmintics contain triclabendazole and nitroxynil against fascioliasis in goat and nitroxynil have higher efficacies on egg per gram (EPG), hematological parameters and body weight against fascioliasis in goat. Additional detailed studies are required to prevent and control of fascioliasis in goats by using a routine prophylactic anthelmintics measurement.International Journal of Natural Sciences (2015), 5(2) 46-51

scholarly journals Influence of sulfur complex on hematological indicators of the rabits

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (92) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
A. Z. Dychok-Niedzielska ◽  
Y. V. Lesyk
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hematological Indicators ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents results on the influence of different amounts of sulfur citrate, manufactured using nanotechnology and sodium sulfate in rabbit diet from 60 to 118 days of age on the hematological parameters of their organism. Studies have been conducted on 30 rabbits of the Hyla hybrid divided into six groups (control and five experimental), 6 animals in each. Animals were kept in regulated microclimate and illumination in mesh cages of 50×120×30 cm. Controlled rabbits fed without restriction a balanced granulated feed with free access to water. The young of the first (E-II), the second (E-II), the third (E-III) and the fourth (E-IV) experimental groups feed the diet of the control group and, during the day, dispensed sulfur citrate from the calculation of 2; 4; 8 and 12 mg S/kg body weight. Rabbits (E-V) of the experimental group fed the diet of the control group and set water with sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) in the amount of 40 mg S/kg body weight. In the preparatory period – 60 days and in the experimental period – at 91 and 118 days of life (31 and 58 days of delivery of supplements), blood samples were collected from the regional anterior vein of rabbits for hematological studies performed using an automatic hematologic analyzer (Orphee Mythic-18, Switzerland). Researches have shown that the administration of citrate sulfur in the amount of 8 mg S/kg of body weight was marked by a greater number of red blood cells and leukocytes, respectively, by 13.4 and 23.3% (P < 0.05) and with a higher level of HCT at 16.2% (P < 0.05), MCH, RDV and MCHC, respectively, 11.1; 14.5 and 2.6% (P < 0.05) on day 58 of the experiment compared with the control group. In the blood of animals in the 2nd experimental group, a higher concentration of hemoglobin (Р < 0.05) was observed at 31 days and a higher HCT (Р < 0.05) level was 58 days compared to control. Thus, the results of the study of the hematological parameters of the body of rabbits indicate their positive changes in the actions of the physiologically substantiated amount of organic sulfur, which contributed to the activation of metabolic processes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anthelmintic Efficacy of Ivermectin, Levamisole HCl and Albendazole Administered through Different Routes against Naturally Occuring Gastrointestinal Nematodiasis in Black Bengal Goat Inducing Hematological Parameters and Live Weight Indices

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Aktaruzzaman ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MMI Hasan ◽  
MJU Bhuiyan ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Counting Method ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group D

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ivermectin, levamisole HCl and albendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected goats of government goat development farm, Sylhet, Bangladesh. The study included 52 black Bengal breed of which 30 were naturally infected and randomly selected 20 on the basis of their weight and egg count. Twenty black Bengal goats of 12-13 month old irrespective of sex infested with gastrointestinal nematodes were selected for this experiment and randomly divided into four equal groups (group A, B, C and D) where each group consisted of 5 goats and goats of group D were kept as control group. One injectable ivermectin (200?gkg-1 body weight, S/C) preparations (Techno Drugs Ltd. Bangladesh) and two solid levamisole HCl, albendazole (7.5 mgkg-1 body weight, orally) preparations (The ACME Laboratories Ltd. and Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Bangladesh) were used for positive control of gastrointestinal nematodes as group A, B and C. Goats of group D was kept as control without giving any treatment. Before trials (day 0), total egg count, blood samples and initial body weight were recorded. During the study period the fecal and blood samples were collected directly from rectum and examined on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day using McMaster fecal egg counting method. Body weight was recorded on day 28 following the treatments. The results of the comparative efficacies of different anthelmintic of ivermectin was 86.75%, followed by levamisole HCl 85.07% and albendazole 92.81%. McMaster fecal egg counting method discloses the percentage of Haemonchus spp. (15.38%), with Trichostrongylus spp, Strongyloides spp., and Cooperia spp. also present. After treatment with ivermectin, levamisole HCl and albendazole, Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC), Hemoglobin (Hb) content and Packed Cell Volume (PCV) were increased significantly (p<0.01 and p>0.05) in goats but Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and Total Leukocyte Count (TLC) were decreased significantly (p<0.05 and p>0.01) in all treated goat and body weight was increased significantly (p<0.01) on day 28.International Journal of Natural Sciences (2015), 5(1) 26-34

scholarly journals Effects of oxyclozanide (Tremacid®) preparation against fascioliasis on clinical and haematological parameters in cattle of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naim Alam ◽  
Md Islam ◽  
Matiar Howlader ◽  
Nasrin Lucky
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Group B

<p>The effects of Oxyclozanide (Tremacid®) on some clinical (body weight) and haematological parameters (TEC, Hb, PCV, ESR and TLC) were determined in this study. Among 55 cattle, 10 were selected, which were suffering from fascioliasis and divided randomly into two groups. Each group was consisting of five cattle. One was treated with Tremacid® @ (15 mg/kg body weight). Other was kept as an infected control group. Before trials with Tremacid® initial body weight, EPG of liver fluke and hematological parameters were examined. During the experimental period the faecal samples, clinical and hematological parameters were examined on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days for the determination of effects of Tremacid®. A significant reduction of EPG count was found on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day of Tremacid® (61.87%, 71.22%, 76.98% and 84.53%) in a treated cattle group. The EPG of an untreated control group was significantly (p&lt;0.01) increased about 3.97%, 7.64%, 11.04% and 64.89% respectively. Total TEC was increased after treatment with Tremacid® and decreased in an untreated control group significantly (p&lt;0.01), Likewise, after treatment with Tremacid® Hb content and PCV were increased, and ESR was decreased. Total leukocyte count (TLC) was decreased and the body weight was increased after Tremacid® treatment in the group A. On the other hand, Hb content PCV and body weight was decreased significantly (p&lt;0.01) in the group B.</p>

scholarly journals Therapeutic efficacy of ivermectin, fenbendazole and albendazole against naturally occuring gastrointestinal nematodiasis infection in Black Bengal Goat of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Aktaruzzaman ◽  
Md. Mirazul Islam ◽  
Zahurin Mohamed ◽  
Md. Siddiqul Islam ◽  
Md. Matiar Rahman Howlader
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group D

<p>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ivermectin, fenbendazole and albendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected goats of government goat development farm, Sylhet, Bangladesh. The study included 50 black Bengal breed of which 30 were naturally infected and randomly selected 20 on the basis of their weight and egg count. Twenty black Bengal goats of 13-15 month old irrespective of sex infested with gastrointestinal nematodes were selected for this experiment and randomly divided into four equal groups (group A, B, C and D) where each group consisted of 5 goats and goats of group D were kept as control group. One injectable ivermectin (200 µgkg-1 body weight, S/C) preparations (Techno Drugs, Limited, Bangladesh) and two solid fenbendazole, albendazole (7.5 mgkg-1 body weight, orally) preparations (Techno Drugs, Limited and Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Bangladesh) were used for positive control of gastrointestinal nematodes as group A, B and C. Goats of group D was kept as control without giving any treatment. Before trials (day 0), total egg count, blood samples and initial body weight were recorded. During the study period the fecal and blood samples were collected directly from rectum and examined on 7<sup>th</sup>, 14<sup>th</sup>, 21<sup>st</sup> and 28<sup>th</sup> day using McMaster fecal egg counting method. Body weight was recorded on day 28 following the treatments. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated through determination of parasitic prevalence, body weight gain/loss and hematological findings. Pre and post-treatment EPG (eggs per gram) values were recorded, and efficacies compared. The results showed that the efficacy of ivermectin was 100%, followed by fenbendazole 95.33% and albendazole 90.11%. The observed differences in efficacy between these three brands of anthelmintics were most likely due to variations either in quality or the administered doses. The body weight of the treated animals was slightly increased, which were significant (p&lt;0.05). After treatment with ivermectin, fenbendazole and albendazole, Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC), Hemoglobin (Hb) content and Packed Cell Volume (PCV) were increased significantly (p&lt;0.01 and p&gt;0.05) in goats but Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and Total Leukocyte Count (TLC) were decreased significantly (p&lt;0.05 and p&gt;0.01) in all treated goat and body weight was increased significantly (p&lt;0.01) on day 28. The farm management practices along with results of the present study revealed the efficacy of multiple anthelmintics against gastrointestinal nematodiasis in goat. Additional detailed studies are required to clarify the current status of the efficacy of the anthelmintics widely used in different agro ecologies, animal species and livestock management systems in Bangladesh.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of garlic, turmeric and betel leaf against gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Amin ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
MA Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Group D

The experiment was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, for a period of 28 days to study the effects of garlic (Allium sativum, Linn., @100mg/kg bwt.), turmeric (Curcuma longa, Linn., @100mg/kg bwt.)  and betel leaf (Piper betle, Linn., @100mg/kg bwt.) against natural gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle. The effects of garlic, turmeric and betel leaf on some hematological parameters (TEC, Hb, PCV and TLC), biochemical parameters (ALT and AST) and clinical parameter (body weight) were also observed. Twenty four (24) naturally parasitized cattle of BAU Dairy Farm, Mymensingh were randomly divided into four groups, each consisting of six (6) cattle. Water extract of bulbs of garlic were administered orally to the cattle of group A. Cattle of group B received orally water extract of rhizome of turmeric. Cattle of group C were treated orally with leaves of betel leaf. Cattle of group D was kept as infected control group. Fecal samples, body weight, hematological and biochemical parameters were examined before treatment and on 3rd, 10th, 17th and 28th day. A significant (p < 0.01) reduction of EPG count was found following administration of garlic (20.41-40.81%), turmeric (6.09-19.27%) and betel leaf (2.91-9.8%) in cattle. The EPG count of the control group (D) were significantly (p < 0.01) increased up to the last day of experimental period. After treatment with garlic and turmeric total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb) content and packed cell volume (PCV) were gradually increased significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) in cattle. Conversely, the total leukocyte count (TLC) were decreased significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) in treated cattle. On the other hand, TEC, Hb content and PCV were gradually increased significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) on day 3 and day 10 in betel leaf treated cattle but decreased on 17th and 28th day. Conversely, the total leukocyte count (TLC) were decreased significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) on day 3 and day 10 in betel leaf treated cattle but increased significantly (p < 0.01) on 17th and 28th day. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level were not significantly changed in the cattle. The body weight was increased significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) in garlic, turmeric and betel leaf treated cattle. On the other hand, body weight was decreased in untreated control group. The present study reveals that water extracts of garlic were moderately effective and turmeric and betel leaf were relatively less effective against gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle. Key words: Nematodes, garlic, turmeric, betel, leaf, cattle DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v6i1.1349 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (1): 115-119

scholarly journals Effect of COMBOzyme® and Renasol AD3E® on Body Weight and Hematological Parameters in Broiler Chicken

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
A Mustari ◽  
S Rana ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hematological Parameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Hb Concentration

The present research work was undertaken to study the effect of multi enzymes and vitamin AD3E on body weight and hematological parameter (TEC, Hb Concentration and ESR) in growing broilers fed with enzyme and vitamin AD3E with normal broiler ration. 20 broiler chickens of 10 (ten) days old “Hubbard Classic” were taken for study. The chicks were divided randomly into four groups with five chicks in each group. Group A designated as control group and was given normal broiler ration and rest of the groups were given enzyme and vitamin preparation. Group B was given enzyme only, group C was given vitamin only and group D was given both enzyme and vitamin as per schedule. It was observed that enzyme and vitamin AD3E preparation enhanced the growth rate of broilers. On the final day of experiment the body weight was significantly increased (P<0.01) in the treated groups in comparison to that of control group, TEC, Hb concentration and ESR values were significantly (P<0.01) increased in all treated  groups than the control group and among the treated groups vitamin AD3E showed lowest performance.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v22i1-2.16471 Progress. Agric. 22(1 & 2): 97-103, 2011 

scholarly journals Health, body condition and blood metabolites in reindeer after submaintenance feed intake and subsequent feeding

Rangifer ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nilsson ◽  
Ö. Danell ◽  
M. Murphy ◽  
K. Olsson ◽  
B. Åhman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Period

The transition from experimentally induced poor nutritional conditions to feeding was studied with 69 eight-month-old female reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). During a pre-experimental period, all reindeer were fed a simulated winter diet with 80% lichens Cladina spp. and 20% Vaccinum myrtillus shrubs and Salix spp. leaves (lichen diet) ad lib. The reindeer were divided into five groups. A control group (group C) was fed the lichen diet ad lib. throughout the experiment. Four groups were fed half of that ration for eight days and were then totally deprived of feed for one day (restriction period). During the following 34 days (feeding period) the groups were re-fed the lichen diet (group L), fed pelleted reindeer feed combined with either lichen (group PL) or grass silage (group PS), or fed silage with a gradually increasing addition of pellets (group SP). Weekly measurements of blood samples and body weighr showed that the control group remained clinically healthy and had stable blood plasma concentrations of protein, urea, glucose and insulin throughout the experiment, but they lost weight. At slaughter, before and after the restriction period, all animals had lost rumen-free body weight, but the reindeer fed a restricted amount of feed lost more than the control group. Also the plasma metabolites were affected by the restricted feeding, with increased concentrations of urea and decreased concentrations of glucose. Group L responded immediately to the ad lib. feeding with blood metabolite levels rapidly approaching those of group C. The body weight developments were similar in groups L and C. Although the feed rations were increased gradually, diarrhoea occurred in some animals belonging to groups PL and PS within the first week of the feeding period. All reindeer recovered, after antibiotic treatment of the worst affected animals. The PL and PS groups, which had high contents of metabolisable energy and crude protein in their diets, showed increased con-centtations of plasma protein, urea and insulin. At the end of the feeding period, these groups had increased their body and carcass weights and gained fat, whereas reindeer fed the lichen diet had lost weight. Severe health problems (malnutrition and so-called wet belly) occurred in group SP during the first weeks of feeding and led to loss of animals, and consequently the SP group was excluded from the remainder of rhe experiment. The general conclusion is that the lichen diet did not cause any digestive problems, but resulted in a continuous decline in body weight and small or deficient fat reserves. After the initial diarrhoea, feeding with diets comprising pellets from the start resulted in improved condition, expressed as increased body weight, fat gain and higher concentrations of plasma protein, urea and insulin in relation to the control group. The diet initially based on grass in the form of silage of the given quality seemed insufficient as feed to reindeer calves in a poor nutritional state.

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