scholarly journals Some behavioural aspects on the Hemidactylus species of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
MF Rabbe ◽  
MF Jaman ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MM Alam
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Breeding Behavior ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Female Body Size ◽  
Life History Pattern ◽  
Egg Number ◽  
Behavioural Aspects

Hemidactylus is a taxonomically complex genus and little is known about its feeding and breeding behavior in Bangladesh. Most of the species of this genus have a preference to live within human habitations, and play an important role in ecosystem, controlling insect pest population. Their breeding strategy is almost similar with each other and associated with their body structure. Review of literature found that there is a relationship between life history pattern and their reproductive biology. They lay two eggs per clutch usually and the highest egg number (12) has been recorded for H. frenatus. Strong significant positive correlation (r = 0.91) was found for preclaocal-femoral pores and egg number. Besides, significant negative correlation was found for average female body size and egg number (r = 0.96). Previous work and observation records showed that feeding habit is almost similar among all species of Hemidactylus and dipteran insects were the mostly consumed food item. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(1): 77-84

SEASONAL INCIDENCE OF PLUME MOTH, EXELASTIS ATOMOSA (LEPIDOPTERA: PTEROPHORIDAE) ON LONG DURATION PIGEONPEA, CAJANUS CAJAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
RAHUL KUMAR RAWAT ◽  
RAM KEVAL ◽  
SABUJ GANGULY ◽  
SNEHEL CHAKRAVARTY
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Average Relative Humidity

The present research was aimed to study the incidence pattern of plume moth, Exelastis atomosa during Kharif 2015-16 and 2016-17 for long duration on pigeonpea cv. Bahar. The results revealed that the incidence of pod bug started from the 5th standard week during 2015-16 and from 6th standard week during 2016-17 and it remained active up to 15thstandard week of both the years. The E. atomosa population attained its peak level during 11th standard week of both the years i.e., 1.73 larvae/ plant and 1.6 larvae/ plant respectively. Correlation studies indicated that population of E. atomosa exhibited a significant positive correlation with maximum and minimum temperatures and wind velocity whereas a significant negative correlation was established with average relative humidity. Other abiotic factors had no significant effect on this insect pest population. The regression equation revealed that variations of different weather variables caused approximately 85.3 and 75.9 per cent variations in E. atomosa population during both years, respectively.

scholarly journals Facultative and obligate diapause phenotypes in populations of the European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schebeck ◽  
Nina Dobart ◽  
Gregory J. Ragland ◽  
Axel Schopf ◽  
Christian Stauffer
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Ovarian Development ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Ips Typographus ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Spruce Bark ◽  
Egg Number

AbstractThe bark beetle Ips typographus is the most destructive insect pest in Norway spruce-dominated forests. Its potential to establish multiple generations per year (multivoltinism) is one major trait that makes this beetle a severe pest. Ips typographus enters diapause to adjust its life cycle to seasonally changing environments. Diapause is characterized by developmental and reproductive arrest; it prolongs generation time and thus affects voltinism. In I. typographus a facultative, photoperiod-regulated diapause in the adult stage has been described. In addition, the presence of an obligate, photoperiod-independent, diapause has been hypothesized. The diapause phenotype has important implications for I. typographus voltinism, as populations with obligate diapausing individuals would be univoltine. To test for the presence of different I. typographus diapause phenotypes, we exposed Central and Northern European individuals to a set of photoperiodic treatments. We used two ovarian traits (egg number and vitellarium size) that are associated with gonad development, to infer reproductive arrest and thus diapause. We found a distinct effect of photoperiod on ovarian development, with variable responses in Central and Northern European beetles. We observed obligate diapausing (independent of photoperiod) individuals in Northern Europe, and both facultative (photoperiod-regulated) as well as obligate diapausing individuals in Central Europe. Our results show within-species variation for diapause induction, an adaptation to match life cycles with seasonally fluctuating environmental conditions. As the diapause phenotype affects the potential number of generations per season, our data are the basis for assessing the risk of outbreaks of this destructive bark beetle.

Capital or income breeding crabs: who are the better invaders?

Crustaceana ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (14) ◽  
pp. 1648-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwen Zeng ◽  
Colin McLay ◽  
Darren C. J. Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Life History Trait ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Hemigrapsus Sanguineus ◽  
Life History Pattern ◽  
Income Breeding ◽  
Capital Breeder

A recent study by Griffen et al. (2012) drew a link between invasiveness and breeding strategy (income or capital breeding), a hitherto unconsidered life-history trait, in crabs. The methods used by the authors identified Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus, 1758) as a capital breeder and Hemigrapsus sanguineus (De Haan, 1853) as an income breeder. We extend this association of breeding strategies and invasiveness to other crab species and note that crabs in general are capital breeders based on the concurrent opposing trends of gonadosomatic index and hepatosomatic index during secondary vitellogenesis (indicating an endogenous source of nutrients for reproduction). We identify possible reasons why H. sanguineus may be regarded as an exception to this brachyuran life history pattern. Given that some species could be capable of a mixed breeding strategy, we propose experimental methods for determining such strategies.

Intermittent transition between order and chaos in an insect pest population

1995 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liebe F. Cavalieri ◽  
Huseyin Koçak
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Pest Population

scholarly journals Perbandingan Efek Pemberian Bioinsektisida dan Ekstrak Kompos terhadap Produksi Padi Ratun dan Populasi Serangga Hama

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Siti Herlinda ◽  
Amarilisa Kusuma ◽  
Suwandi . ◽  
Andi Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Production Labor ◽  
Compost Extract

The advantages of ratooning rice are to save water, cost production, labor, preparation time for planting and harvesting, but the ratooning productivity is still low.  This research aimed to study the effect of the bioinsecticide and compost extract on ratooning rice production and insect populations. The ratooning rice was applied by bioinsecticide, compost extract, and combination of bioinsecticide and compost extract with dose 2 L ha-1  per application, respectively. Data of agronomic variables were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance, whereas insect pest population data were analyzed using Chi Square test. The seedling height of ratoon applied by compost extract was the highest among treatments. The number of productive tillers per clumps and rice production on plot applied by compost extract were higher than the insecticide treatment. At the age of 17 day-ratooning rice, application bioinsecticide reduced the population of insect pests, such as Ciccadulina bipunctata, Recilia dorsalis, Nilaparvata lugens, and Nephotettix nigropictus. Thus, application of compost extract tended to improved the growth and production of the ratooning rice, while the bioinsecticide decreased the insect pest population.<br />Keywords: Beauveria bassiana, rice growth, production

scholarly journals An Open-Source Low-Cost Imaging System Plug-In for Pheromone Traps Aiding Remote Insect Pest Population Monitoring in Fruit Crops

Machines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Mark Jacob Schrader ◽  
Peter Smytheman ◽  
Elizabeth H. Beers ◽  
Lav R. Khot
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Population Monitoring ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Sleep Mode ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Commercial Applications

This note describes the development of a plug-in imaging system for pheromone delta traps used in pest population monitoring. The plug-in comprises an RGB imaging sensor integrated with a microcontroller unit and associated hardware for optimized power usage and data capture. The plug-in can be attached to the top of a modified delta trap to realize periodic image capture of the trap liner (17.8 cm × 17.8 cm). As configured, the captured images are stored on a microSD card with ~0.01 cm2 pixel−1 spatial resolution. The plug-in hardware is configured to conserve power, as it enters in sleep mode during idle operation. Twenty traps with plug-in units were constructed and evaluated in the 2020 field season for codling moth (Cydia pomonella) population monitoring in a research study. The units reliably captured images at daily interval over the course of two weeks with a 350 mAh DC power source. The captured images provided the temporal population dynamics of codling moths, which would otherwise be achieved through daily manual trap monitoring. The system’s build cost is about $33 per unit, and it has potential for scaling to commercial applications through Internet of Things-enabled technologies integration.

Behavioural Problems and Competences in 4-year-olds: Dimensions and Relationships

1994 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bent Hagekull ◽  
Gunilla Bohlin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Behaviour Problems ◽  
Behaviour Problem ◽  
Ego Strength ◽  
Peer Competence ◽  
Competence Factor ◽  
Parental Ratings ◽  
Behavioural Aspects

The study explored the dimensionality of parental ratings of positive and negative aspects of behaviour in a sample of 4-year-olds (n = 377). The children were described using the Preschool Behaviour Questionnaire (PBQ) with items added to include ego strength/effectance and social competence. Factor analytic results showed a 2-factor structure in the PBQ behaviour problem area: factor 1 describing externalised conduct behaviour problems; and factor 2 encompassing the internalised anxious-fearful problems. Factor analysis of both positive and negative behavioural aspects yielded a 3-factor structure with externalised problem behaviours as the first factor, a second broad social inhibition factor, and an ego strength/effectance factor. Correlations showed a low positive relationship between the two problem areas; a stronger relationship was found between the positive aspects, peer competence, and ego strength/effectance. There was a weak significant negative correlation between peer competence behaviours and outgoing conduct problems. Peer competence was more strongly negatively related to anxiousfearful behaviour problems. Conceptual and methodological aspects were discussed and the results were related to the inhibition-disinhibition construct in temperament research.

The Effect of Population Density on Fecundity in Insects

1960 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 674-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. F. Watt
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Optimum Control ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Life Table Data ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Exhaustive Study ◽  
Table Data ◽  
Parameter Values

Four steps are necessary in constructing and utilizing a mathematical model for control of a specific insect pest. First, a large volume of field data must be collected according to a plan which is sound from both statistical and biological points of view (Morris, 1955). Secondly, a suitable procedure for developing component parts of the whole model and fitting these together must be developed (Watt, ms.). Thirdly, after exhaustive study of available data and testing of equations against these data we must determine the appropriate form of equation to express the action of each type of phenomenon governing dynamics of the pest population. This paper and other in the series (e.g., Watt, 1959) are designed to obtain such formulations. Which phenomena are worthy of smdv for a given pest species will become clear through mathematical analysis of life-table data of the type collected by Morris and Miller (1954). Finally, parameter values are obtained from the data and the equations are manipulated io determine optimum control practices, using methods outlined by Watt (ms.).

scholarly journals Efficacy of Different Insecticides against Rice Leaf Folder (Cnaphalorosis medinalis) Under Field Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Abdul Samad Soomro ◽  
Shabana Naz Mazari ◽  
Muhammad Haroon Hulio ◽  
Junaid Ahmed Soomro ◽  
Ghulam Qadeer Junejo
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Flag Leave ◽  
Rice Leaf ◽  
Rice Leaf Folder

The experiment was conducted at the field of Rice Research Institute Dokri, Larkana, Pakistan to evaluate the efficacy of different insecticides against Rice Leaf folder (Cnaphalocrosis medinalis) under field conditions, different insecticides were applied on recommended dose. The experiment was conducted in RCBD design with 3 Replications and 5 Treatments. The leaf damage and insect pest population were observed before spray and 1,3,5,7 and 14 days respectively. The results shown that all the treated plots reduced damage minimized insect pest population and increased yield at significant level compare to control. Minimum damage of leaves was recorded in T-03 Belt 480SC (3.76%) leaves/Plant compare to T-05 Control (28.96%) leaves/plant. The results revealed that the 1st application reduced population at significant level up to seven days but population started rebuilding among all treated plots Maximum control was observed in T-03 Notice 0.22/Plant on 5-DAA & 0.24/Plant on 7-DAA. Similarly, the 2nd application also produced desirable results against Rice leaf folder population at significant level among all treated plots except control plots. Maximum controlled was observed in T-3 Belt 480SC, 0.24, 0.5 and 0.54/plant in 5-DAA, 7-DAA and 14-DAA respectively. Maximum yield increase in T-03 Belt 480SC (20.47%), followed by T-01 Notice (19.21). Results shown that the pest appearance the time of booting caused more damage to flag leave, at the time of flowering reduced gain filling and ultimately yield losses were observed.

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