scholarly journals Awareness of Hepatitis B Vaccination in Rural Area: A Survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Kamrun Nahar Sweety ◽  
Shamim Akther Mimi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Almost All

Background: The awareness regarding Hepatitis B vaccination is necessary in the general population of Bangladesh.Objective: This study was carried out to determine the level of knowledge and the vaccination coverage of hepatitis B virus in rural population.Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Administration and Management (BIAM), Dhaka, Bangladesh from February 2011 to April 2011. Sirajdikhan upazila of Munshiganj District was taken as a study place. All the villagers with an age group of 15 to 55 years were taken as study population. Result: A total number of 30 respondents were recruited of which male (60.0%) is predominant than female (40.0%). The mean age with SD was 23±7.256 years (range 15-53 years). Majority has told about the knowledge regarding the sequel of hepatitis B virus infection (33.3%). Almost all respondents (96.7%) are unknown about the treatment of HBV infection. Majority (76.7%) are unknown regarding taking HBV vaccination. Nobody has given positive answer in response to take vaccine. Conclusion: In conclusion information and knowledge regarding HBV infection and vaccination is very poor in the rural area of Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jcamr.v1i1.19558J Curr Adv Med Res 2014;1(1):3-7

scholarly journals Preventive Practice on Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Dentists in Selected Hospitals at Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Faisal Solaiman ◽  
Shamim Ahmed ◽  
Syeda Mahmuda Akhter ◽  
Arup Kumar Saha ◽  
Helal Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Preventive Practice ◽  
B Virus ◽  
High Level

Aims: The study was carried out among 120 dentists working in the selected hospitals of Dhaka city to find out the preventive practice on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Methods: A descriptive type of cross-sectional study was carried out involving 120 dentists working in the selected hospitals of Dhaka city from December 2011 to March 2012 to quantify the preventive practice on HBV infection through a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Results were analyzed by using the software SPSS 16.0 version (Chicago). Then analyzed data were presented according to the variables of the study showing percentage relationship between variables using appropriate statistical method.Results: Mean age of the dentists was 26.43±6.29 (range, 25-45) years where 74.17% were male and 25.83% were female. Among 120 respondents, 20.83% obtained BDS degree along with a postgraduate training (PGT) in any of the respective fields of dentistry. Others obtained MS in dentistry (21.67%), MPH in dentistry (10.83%), PhD in dentistry (9.17%), DDS in dental surgery (10%) and FCPS in dentistry (6.67%). Academic positions of the respondents were 33.33%, assistant professors, 26.67% associate professors, 19.17% medical officers, and 17.5% were lecturers. Majority (93.3%) dentists knew about HBV transmission, prevention, symptoms, risks, and concurrences. Out of them, 87.5% reported having been tested for HBV which was associated with their designations (p=0.013) and more than 75% reported having been vaccinated against HBV. Conclusions: A high level of knowledge and attitude towards practice in the prevention of HBV was found to be very good among the dentists of Dhaka city though seemed it was not always possible to take precaution for handling emergency patients. Further broad scale studies would be needed to have decisive results. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v10i1.13831 City Dent. Coll. J Volume-10, Number-1, January-2013

scholarly journals Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and carriage after nineteen years of vaccination program in the Western Brazilian Amazon

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wornei Silva Miranda Braga ◽  
Márcia da Costa Castilho ◽  
Fabiane Giovanella Borges ◽  
Ana Cristina de Souza Martinho ◽  
Ivo Seixas Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
B Virus

INTRODUCTION: Reductions in the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and carriage, decreases in liver cancer incidence, and changes in patterns of liver dysfunctions are described after hepatitis B vaccination. METHODS: We conducted a population-based seroprevalence study aimed at estimating the HBV prevalence and risk of infection in the rural area of Lábrea following nineteen years of HBV vaccination. RESULTS: Half of the subjects showed total anti-HBc of 52.1% (95% CI 49.6-54.7). The HBsAg prevalence was 6.2% (95% CI 5.1-7.6). Multivariate analysis showed an inverse association between HBV infection and vaccination (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.44-0.87). HBsAg remained independently associated with past hepatitis (OR 2.44; 95% CI 1.52-3.89) and inversely to vaccination (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.27-0.69). The prevalence of HBeAg among HBsAg-positive individuals was 20.4% (95% CI 12.8-30.1), with the positive subjects having a median age of 11 years (1-46) p=0.0003. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that HBV infection is still an important public health issue and that HBV vaccination could have had better impact on HBV epidemiology. If we extrapolate these findings to other rural areas in the Brazilian Amazon, we can predict that the sources of chronic infected patients remain a challenge. Future studies are needed regarding clinical aspects, molecular epidemiology, surveillance of acute cases, and risk groups.

scholarly journals Anti-HBs levels among children and adolescents with complete immunization schedule against hepatitis B virus. A cross-sectional study in Blumenau, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2007-2008

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa do Livramento ◽  
Caio Mauricio Mendes de Cordova ◽  
Natália Gazzoni Scaraveli ◽  
Gabriela Chiochetta Tonial ◽  
Celso Spada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Antibody Levels

INTRODUCTION: Vaccination is the main tool for preventing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection; however, following the completion of the vaccination series, the concentrations of anti-HBs can decline over the years and reach levels less than 10mIU/mL. The persistence of protection in these individuals is still unknown. The present study aimed to determine the anti-HBs antibody levels among children and adolescents who had received a complete vaccination course for hepatitis B. METHODS: Antibodies against HBV surface antigen (anti-HBs) were tested in 371 individuals aged 10 to 15 years-old. RESULTS: Volunteers who showed undetectable quantities of anti-HBs accounted for 10.2% of the population studied and 39.9% presented antibody titers of less than 10mIU/mL. Anti-HBs ≥ 10mIU/mL were verified in 49.9%. CONCLUSIONS: These results corroborate other studies indicating levels of anti-HBs below 10mIU/mL in vaccinated individuals. Additional studies are required to assess whether this indicates susceptibility to HBV infection and the need and age for booster doses.

Serological markers and risk factors associated with Hepatitis B Virus infection among Federal Capital Territory Prison inmates, Nigeria: should we be concerned?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chioma Cindy Dan Nwafor ◽  
Ikeola Adeoye ◽  
Kehinde Aderemi ◽  
Martins Onuoha ◽  
Elizabeth Adedire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Prison Inmates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is hyper-endemic in Nigeria. Prisons are high-risk environments for the spread of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections. Prevalence of HBV infection is disproportionately higher among individuals in correctional facilities worldwide when compared to general population. We determined the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with HBV infection among Kuje prison inmates, Nigeria.Methods: We conducted a prison facility based cross-sectional study. Interviewer administered questionnaires were used to obtain information on participants socio-demographic characteristics, HBV risk factors, previous HBV test and vaccination history. Blood samples collected from participants were analysed for HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb, HBeAg and HBeAb markers using rapid lateral chromatographic immunoassay kit. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis were performed.Results: A total of 271 inmates (63 convicts and 208 awaiting trial inmates) were recruited into the study as participants. The mean age of the participants was 32.7 SD±9 years. HBV sero-prevalence of 13.7%(95%CI;9.8-18.3) was found. 55.4%(95%CI;49.2-61.4) of inmates were susceptible to HBV infection, 20.7% (95%CI;16.0-26.0) had past or resolved HBV infection while 10.3%(95%CI; 7.0-14.6) had acquired natural or artificial HBV immunity. Factors found to be associated with HBV infection include age-group ≤25years (aOR=8.0;95%CI:2.9-22.3), being ever married (aOR=4.2;95%CI:1.7-10.4) and history of alcohol consumption (aOR=3.4; 95%CI:1.3-8.4).Conclusion: This study reveals a high seroprevalence of HBV infection among Kuje Prison inmates, hence the need to introduce prison-focused health intervention initiatives such as HBV screening, vaccination and care to reduce the transmission of HBV infection among inmates and ultimately the general population.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B vaccine adherence among homeless people

Rev Rene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. e60690
Author(s):  
Vanessa Moura Carvalho de Oliveira ◽  
Marli Teresinha Gimeniz Galvão ◽  
Rômulo Veloso Nunes ◽  
Matheus Sousa Marques Carvalho ◽  
Cecília Natielly da Silva Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Virus Surface ◽  
B Virus

Objective: to estimate the adherence to hepatitis B vaccine in homeless people. Methods: a cross-sectional study with 90 homeless people, with the collection of 5 ml of blood for the detection of antibody against the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus. Results: of the total, 89 (98.9%) were vaccinated with the first dose; of these, 45 (50.7%) had antibodies against hepatitis B virus surface antigen lower than 10 IU/L; 25 (53.3%) received the second dose of hepatitis B vaccine, and nine (45.8%) participants received the third dose of vaccine. Individuals who were related to both genders were more likely to adhere to the full hepatitis B vaccine schedule. Conclusion: the low adherence to hepatitis B vaccination and the small number of participants with antibodies that confer immunity against this infection were evidenced.

scholarly journals Serological markers and risk factors associated with Hepatitis B virus infection among Federal Capital Territory prison inmates, Nigeria: Should we be concerned?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248045
Author(s):  
Chioma Cindy Dan-Nwafor ◽  
Ikeola Adeoye ◽  
Kehinde Aderemi ◽  
Martins Onuoha ◽  
Elizabeth Adedire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Prison Inmates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
B Virus

Introduction Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is hyper-endemic in Nigeria. Prisons are high-risk environments for the spread of infectious diseases. Worldwide, seroprevalence of HBV infection is substantially higher among individuals in correctional facilities when compared to general population. We determined the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with HBV infection among Kuje prison inmates, Nigeria. Material and methods We conducted a prison facility based cross-sectional study. Interviewer administered questionnaires were used to obtain information on participants socio-demographic characteristics, HBV risk factors, previous HBV test and vaccination history. Blood samples collected from participants were analysed for HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb, HBeAg and HBeAb markers using rapid lateral chromatographic immunoassay kit. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis were performed. Results A total of 271 inmates (63 convicts and 208 awaiting trial inmates) were recruited into the study as participants. The mean age of the participants was 32.7 SD±9 years. HBV seroprevalence (HBsAg) of 13.7% (95% CI: 9.8–18.3) was found. 55.4% (95% CI: 49.2–61.4) of inmates were susceptible to HBV infection, 20.7% (95%CI; 16.0–26.0) had past HBV infection while 10.3% (95% CI: 7.0–14.6) had acquired natural or artificial HBV immunity. Factors found to be associated with current HBV infection (HBsAg) include age-group ≤25years (aOR = 8.0,95% CI: 2.9–22.3), being ever married (aOR = 4.2, 95% CI: 1.7–10.4) and history of alcohol consumption (aOR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.3–8.4). Conclusion This study reveals a high seroprevalence of HBV infection among Kuje Prison inmates, hence the need to introduce prison-focused health intervention initiatives such as HBV screening, vaccination and care to reduce the transmission of HBV infection among inmates and ultimately the general population.

scholarly journals STUDY OF SEROPREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Chanchal Yadav ◽  
Pratibha Mane ◽  
Pooja Singla ◽  
Jyoti Sangwan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus

Introduction: HBV is a DNA virus belonging to family Hepadnaviridae. HBV infection leads to a wide spectrumof liver diseases ranging from acute to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis & hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV is knownto be the 10th leading cause of death. WHO estimates that worldwide more than 2 billion people have beeninfected with HBV. India accounts for a very large proportion of the HBV burden.Aim and objectives: To study the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection among patients attending ourhospital, to know the prevalence among different age groups and among different gendersMaterial and Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study carried out at Dept. of Microbiology,SHKM Govt. Medical College and hospital, Nalhar, Nuh, Haryana for the duration of 6 months (April 2019 toSeptember 2019). A total of 9000 serum samples collected from patients attending outpatient departments,indoor patients and Intensive care unit of SHKM hospital.Results: It was seen that out of 9000 patients, 432 patients were positive for HBsAg with the prevalence rate4.8%. The prevalence was higher in females (5.58%) as compared to males (4.19%). The frequency of HBVamong age group 1-14, 15-40 and > 40 years was 8.4% (36), 48.3% (209) and 43.3% (187) respectively.Conclusion: Our study highlights HBV infection rate in this part of Haryana and shall provide reference tofuture studies on the epidemiology of HBV infection. It helps us to understand and assess the magnitude ofdisease in the community.Keywords: Seroprevalence, Hepatitis B, Haryana

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus infection among men who have sex with men and transgender women living with or at risk for HIV: a cross sectional study in Abuja and Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusegun A. Adeyemi ◽  
Andrew Mitchell ◽  
Ashley Shutt ◽  
Trevor A. Crowell ◽  
Nicaise Ndembi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Condomless Sex ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hbv Prevalence ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Despite the development of a safe and efficacious hepatitis B vaccine in 1982, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa. Due to shared risk factors for virus acquisition, men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) living with HIV are at increased risk of HBV. We estimated the prevalence of HBV and associated factors for MSM and TGW living with or without HIV in Nigeria. Methods Since March 2013, TRUST/RV368 has recruited MSM and TGW in Abuja and Lagos, Nigeria using respondent driven sampling. Participants with HIV diagnosis, enrollment as of June 2015, and available plasma were selected for a cross-sectional study and retrospectively tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and HBV DNA. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with prevalent HBV infection. Results A total of 717 MSM and TGW had a median age of 25 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 21–27), 5% self-reported HBV vaccination, 61% were living with HIV, 10% had prevalent HBV infection and 6% were HIV-HBV co-infected. HIV mono-infected as compared to HIV-HBV co-infected had a higher median CD4 T cell count [425 (IQR: 284–541) vs. 345 (IQR: 164–363) cells/mm3, p = 0.03] and a lower median HIV RNA viral load [4.2 (IQR: 2.3–4.9) vs. 4.7 (IQR: 3.9–5.4) log10copies/mL, p < 0.01]. The only factor independently associated with HBV was self-report of condomless sex at last anal intercourse (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3, 3.6). HIV infection was not independently associated with HBV (OR: 1.0, 95% CI: 0.7–1.6). Conclusion HBV prevalence was moderately high but did not differ by HIV in this cohort of MSM and TGW. Recent condomless sex was associated with elevated HBV risk, reinforcing the need to increase communication and education on condom use among key populations in Nigeria. Evaluating use of concurrent HIV antiretroviral therapy with anti-HBV activity may confirm the attenuated HBV prevalence for those living with HIV.

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