scholarly journals CT-Scan Findings of Patients Presented with Hepatic Mass attended at Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Wahida Begum ◽  
Khondker Shaheed Hussain ◽  
Tariqul Islam ◽  
Sharmin Sultana Rupa
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
The Other ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Multiple Lesion ◽  
Hepatic Mass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Background: CT-scan findings give a well delineated impression on hepatic mass. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the CT-scan findings of hepatic mass. Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Radiology and Imaging MMC in collaboration with the same department of BSMMU, DMC, Dhaka during the period of 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2007 to establish the usefulness of CT scan in the diagnosis of hepatic mass and its validity by determining sensitivity, specificity, PV, NPV, and accuracy. A total of 50 patients were admitted in the Department of Medicine and Department of Hepatobiliary of MMCH, BSMMU, and DMCH with the clinical diagnosis of fever, abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea/vomiting, loss of appetite, jaundice, weight loss and ascites. They were sent to the department of Radiology and Imaging and of respected hospitals for CT evaluation, confirmation and to see the extension for planning of proper management. Result: A total number of 50 hepatic mass patients were recruited in this study. CT findings of all patients showed 29 had lesions on right lobe, six patients had on left lobe and 15 patients had lesion on both lobe (p value <0.05). Among all patients 28 had multiple lesion, of them 71.4% was malignant and 28.6% was benign. On the other side 22 patients had solitary lesion, of them 36.4% was malignant and 63.6% was benign (p value <0.05). Among all malignant lesions 17 (60.7%) were hypodense, followed by 6 (21.4%) were isodense and 5 (17.9%) had mixed pattern of density. 12 (42.9%) patients of malignant diseases had ill-defined margin and 16 (57.1%) had well defined margin. 6 (27.3%) patients of benign lesions had ill-defined and 16 (72.7%) had well defined margin. No significant difference was observed. All malignant lesions (100%) and 77.3% benign lesions were enhanced after giving contrast. 16 (57.1%) malignant lesions were mildly enhanced, 10 (35.7%) were moderate and 2 (7.1%) were intensely enhanced. On the other side 8 (47.1%) benign lesions were mild, 35.5% were moderate and 3 (17.6%) were intensely enhanced. Conclusion: In conclusion hepatic mass is more common in right lobe of the liver of which multiple lesion is commonly found.Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2015;2(1):7-11DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jcamr.v2i1.22580

scholarly journals Prostatic lesions: Histopathological study in a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
S. Bhatta ◽  
S. Hirachan
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nodular Hyperplasia ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
The Mean

Background: Prostatic lesions like Nodular hyperplasia of prostate, inflammation and carcinoma are common causes of morbidity and mortality in males. The incidence of these lesions increases with age. This study was conducted with the objective of evaluating histopathological pattern of prostatic lesions.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at KIST Medical College from Jan 2014 to Jan 2018. The study included ninety six prostatic specimens received in department of pathology. Hematoxylin and Eosin stained slides were retrieved and reviewed. The specimens and slides were analyzed according to type of specimen, age of patient, histopathological pattern and final diagnosis. Results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, version 21) for Windows. Independent t test was used to correlate the mean age between patients with benign and malignant lesions. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The most common benign lesion was nodular hyperplasia of prostate 86(89.58%). Malignant lesions comprised 8 (8.34%) cases of all prostatic lesions. All the cases of prostate carcinoma were adenocarcinoma. The most frequent Gleason score was 9. Mean age for benign and malignant lesions were 69.6 ± 8.1 years and 72.9 ± 5.2 years respectively. There was no significant difference in the mean age between patients with benign and malignant lesions (p value 0.27).Conclusion: Benign lesions of prostate are more common than malignant lesions. Histopathological examination of prostate specimens have important role in diagnosing various benign and malignant lesions, especially to rule out incidental carcinoma.JMMIHS.2018;4(1):12-19

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in hospitalized patients at a tertiary referral center in North India (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Animesh Ray ◽  
Dr. Komal Singh ◽  
Souvick Chattopadhyay ◽  
Farha Mehdi ◽  
Dr. Gaurav Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
North India ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is an important tool to estimate the true extent of infection in a population. However, seroprevalence studies have been scarce in South East Asia including India, which, as of now, carries the third largest burden of confirmed cases in the world. The present study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody among hospitalized patients at one of the largest government hospital in India OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody among patients admitted to the Medicine ward and ICU METHODS This cross-sectional study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India, recruited consecutive patients who were negative for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR or CB-NAAT. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels targeting recombinant spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein of SARS CoV-2 were estimated in serum sample by the ELISA method RESULTS A total of 212 hospitalized patients were recruited in the study with mean age (±SD) of 41.2 (±15.4) years and 55% male population. Positive serology against SARS CoV-2 was detected in 19.8%patients(95% CI 14.7-25.8). Residency in Delhi conferred a higher frequency of seropositivity 26.5% (95% CI 19.3-34.7) as compared to that of other states 8% (95% CI 3.0-16.4) with p-value 0.001. No particular age groups or socio-economic strata showed a higher proportion of seropositivity CONCLUSIONS Around, one-fifth of hospitalized patients, who were not diagnosed with COVID-19 before, demonstrated seropositivity against SARS-CoV-2. While there was no significant difference in the different age groups and socio-economic classes; residence in Delhi was associated with increased risk (relative risk of 3.62, 95% CI 1.59-8.21)

The Application of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Axillary Masses

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Cong-Gai Huang ◽  
Meng-Ze Li ◽  
Shao-Hua Wang ◽  
Xiao-Qin Tang ◽  
Johannes Haybaeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Axillary Mass

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> We intend to determine the diagnostic power of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) for differentiation between malignant and benign lesions on axillary masses and draw the physicians’ attention to the benefits of FNAB cytology in the diagnosis of axillary masses. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this study, 1,328 patients with an axillary mass diagnosed by FNAB were retrospectively reviewed. These cases were registered at the affiliated hospital of Southwest Medical University (China), July 2014 to June 2017. Cytological results were verified either by histopathology following surgical resection or clinical follow-up. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 1,328 patients affected by axillary masses, 987 (74.3%) cases were female, and 341 (25.7%) cases were male. The highest incidence of patients was in the age group of 41–50 years (375, 28.2%). There were 1,129 (85.0%) patients with benign lesions and 199 (15.0%) with malignant lesions. Of the 199 malignant lesions cases, 21 cases were lymphomas, 2 cases were accessory breast cancers, and 176 cases were lymph node metastatic tumors. Under lymph node metastases, the most frequent primary tumors were breast cancer (141, 80.1%), followed by lung cancer (21, 11.9%). According to the study, the characters of 1,328 cases showed statistically significant difference (χ<sup>2</sup> = 4.534, <i>p</i> = 0.033), and the incidence of females with axillary mass was significantly higher than that of males. There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of benign and malignant cases in the patient age groups (χ<sup>2</sup> = 1.129, <i>p</i> = 0.000), and the incidence of patients of 41–50 years of age was significantly higher than that of other patients. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAB in axillary masses was analyzed with the results of 95.98% of sensitivity, 99.56% of specificity, 97.45% of positive predictive value, and 99.29% of negative predictive value. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our results confirm that FNAB is a valuable initial screening method regarding pathologic diagnosis of axillary mass, in particular with respect to malignancy in 41- to 50-year-old female patients.

scholarly journals Apparent diffusion coefficient for differentiating between benign and malignant hepatic focal lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherif Abugamra ◽  
Aya Yassin ◽  
Asmaa Saber Mostafa Abdel-Rehim ◽  
Dina Sayed Sheha
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Focal Lesion ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Focal Lesions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the role of diffusion weight MRI (DWI) in the characterization of hepatic focal lesions by using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Thirty patients (18 women, 12 men; mean age 48.5 years) with hepatic focal lesions were included in this study. Patients underwent DW MR imaging with the SPLICE sequence. ADC of each focal lesion carcinoma was calculated from DW MR Images obtained with low and high b values. ADCs were compared among pathological types of focal lesions. Results Among the 30 patients included in the study, 46 focal lesions were detected. Twenty-four lesions were metastatic lesions from primary cancer, 7 lesions were hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 9 lesions were hemangiomas, and 6 lesions were simple cysts. There was highly significant difference between the mean ADC of the malignant lesions (metastasis and HCC) and the mean ADC of benign lesions (hemangiomas and cysts). The ADC of malignant lesion was much less than that of benign lesion. The mean ADC of malignant lesions (n = 31) was 0.73 ± 0.19 × 10−3 mm2/s, and the mean ADC of benign lesions (n = 15) was 1.94 ± 0.68 × 10−3 mm2/s (p value < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the cysts and hemangiomas. There was no statistically significant difference between the metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion ADCs values were able to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. ADC should be considered in the work up of patients with hepatic focal lesions.

scholarly journals ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION;

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 332-340
Author(s):  
ATIF SITWAT HAYAT ◽  
MUHAMMAD ADNAN BAWANY ◽  
JAWAD AHMED QADRI ◽  
Kiran Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Block ◽  
Complete Heart Block ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inferior Wall ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Ischemic heart disease is the most common cause for complete heart block (CHB) and sudden death. Heartblocks may occur as complications of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and are associated with increased mortality. The aim of thisstudy is to determine the frequency of complete heart block (CHB) in acute myocardial infarction at a tertiary care hospital. Place andduration: This study was conducted in Cardiology Department of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences from 1st August2009 to 31st January 2010. Study Design: Cross sectional and descriptive study. Materials and Methods: ST segment elevation equal toor more than 1mm (0.1mv) in two of these leads II, III and aVF. Rise in serum creatinine kinase level (CPK Level) more than twice thenormal value along with CK-MB fraction more than 6% of CPK value. Patients with history of chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea,vomiting and unconsciousness were enrolled in the study. The cardiac enzymes tropinin T was also performed at bed side by venousblood sample. Results: Total of 87 patients were included, prevalence of heart blocks was 27.58%. Anterior wall MI was in 50(57.5%)patients. Of these, 13(54.2%) had complete heart block. Inferior wall MI was in 37(42.5%) cases, of these, 11(45.8%) were found withcomplete heart block. There was no significant difference between anterior wall MI and inferior wall MI with complete heart block (P value> 0.05). Mortality was 2.3% with anterior wall MI. Conclusions: Development of complete heart blocks has important prognosticsignificance. Complete heart block was frequent complication of myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals Ultrasonography and computer tomography evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma with cytohistopathological correlation

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasnat Waheedul Hoque ◽  
Shahinul Alam ◽  
Sania Ahsan ◽  
Md. Nazrul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Computer Tomography ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Mosaic Pattern ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
Ct Density

The prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Bangladesh is 35% among all liver diseases. Sonographic examinations were performed for the evaluation of 38 cases of HCC; then, CT examina-tions were done of these cases subsequently. Expert opinion was taken in each case for both modalities. Age, sex, clinical features, location of the hepatic lesion, multiplicity, echo-character, CT density, and, contrast enhancement were evaluated in all cases. Histocytopathology reports were collected from the patients and were correlated with the ultrasonography and CT findings. Thirty five cases were detected as HCC on ultrasonography and 36 cases in CT scan. In ultrasonography, most of the lesions (82.9%) were found in right lobe, maximum lesions (45.7%) were hypoechoic and lesion showed mosaic pattern in 68.6% cases, lateral shadowing in 34.3% and posterior acoustic enhancement in 45.7% cases. Significant difference found between mosaic pattern and lateral shadowing (p<0.05). On CT scan, majority of lesions (50%) were hypodense, 91.7% lesions were contrast enhanced. Pattern of enhancement was mostly heterogeneous. Both of the modalities found sensitive but CT was found more sensitive, specific and accurate than ultrasonography in detecting HCC.  Keywords: Computer tomography; Cytohistopathological; Hepatocellular carcinoma; UltrasonographyDOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v33i2.1209Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2007; 33: 73-77 

scholarly journals Trephine Craniotomy versus Burr Hole Drainage for Chronic Subdural Hematoma—An Institutional Analysis of 156 Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 110-120
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chandra Vemula ◽  
B. C.M. Prasad ◽  
Venkat Koyalmantham ◽  
Kunal Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Burr Hole ◽  
P Value ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preoperative Ct

Abstract Introduction Some neurosurgeons believe that doing a trephine craniotomy (TC) decreases the chance of recurrence in chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH). But this is not supported by any evidence. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients who were operated for cSDH from 2014 to 2019 at our institute was done. Factors causing recurrence were studied. Results A total of 156 patients were operated in the given period, among which 88 underwent TC and 68 patients underwent burr hole drainage (BHD) for evacuation of cSDH. All patients underwent two trephines or two burr holes placed according to the maximum thickness of the hematoma. Rate of recurrence in trephine group was 12.5% and in burr-hole group was 11.76% and was not statistically significant. Significant factors for recurrence included nontraumatic cSDH, anticoagulant use, presence of membranes, preoperative computed tomography (CT) showing iso- or mixed-density subdural collection and SDH volume > 60 mL. There was selection bias for the procedure. Patients with subdural membranes were preferentially taken for TC as the percentage of subdural membrane found intraoperatively was significantly greater in trephine group (51.1%) than burr-hole group (17.6%) (p value < 0.001).When all the patients who showed membranes in CT scan were excluded, there was no statistical difference in the base line characteristics of both the groups. After excluding the patients with membranes in preoperative CT scan, there was no significant difference in recurrence rate between the two groups.In TC group with membranes, 8 out of 45 had recurrence, whereas in burr-hole group with membranes, 8 out of 12 had recurrence. This difference was statistically significant. (p value < 0.001). Conclusion Surgical intervention in both modalities improves patient outcome with an overall recurrence rate of 12.17%. In the absence of any identifiable membranes in preoperative CT scan, BHD is the preferred surgical intervention. We prefer TC as first choice for patients with membranes in CT scan.

Surgical-site infections in emergency abdominal paediatric surgeries at a tertiary-care hospital in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ali Faisal Saleem ◽  
Huma Faiz Halepota ◽  
Hasaan Omar ◽  
Areeba Zain ◽  
Muhammad Arif Mateen Khan
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pathogen Occurrence

Abstract A retrospective chart review was carried out in children (neonates to 18 years) who underwent acute surgical abdominal exploration during 2012-2016 at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, to evaluate the post-operative surgical site infection rates in emergency paediatric abdominal surgery. Incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) was estimated. P-value was calculated, chi-square and non-parametric tests were performed by comparing pre-surgical and post-surgical procedure pathogen occurrence and pre-procedure wound status. Pathogen occurrence related to time-trend of 98 paediatric patients who underwent emergency abdominal surgery was plotted. Of the 94 who were discharged in stable condition, it was found that there was no significant difference between pre- and post-surgical pathogens. Escherichia coli (n=10) was found to be the most common pathogen. Contaminated wounds were associated with higher SSI (p=0.036, OR 1.95 95% CI 0.7-5.4). Continuous...  

scholarly journals Evaluation of CO2 Laser Surgery for Early Carcinoma Larynx

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Vijay K Sharma ◽  
Ajith Nilakantan
Keyword(s):  
Laser Surgery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Laryngeal Edema ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Patient Acceptability ◽  
Carcinoma Larynx ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Malignant Lesions

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of transoral endoscopic laser surgery in the treatment of early laryngeal cancers in comparison to external radiotherapy. Method: The patients included in the study were those who reported to the ENT department of a tertiary care hospital with early malignant lesions of the larynx. Result Our study revealed a local recurrence rate of 15% in the radiotherapy arm but only 10% in the CO2 laser arm; however, this difference was not statistically significant. The only parameter in the analysis of voice which showed a statistically significant difference between the two arms was roughness which was better in the radiotherapy arm at 6 months. The major complication following transoral CO2 laser surgery was persistent hoarseness which was seen in six patients and it resolved completely on continuation of conservative measures. Severe laryngeal edema following treatment was seen in two patients. Statistically significant difference was noted in patient acceptability in favor of CO2 laser. Conclusion Endoscopic CO2 laser surgery in early laryngeal cancer leads to similar control of the disease as with the traditional methods, with better patient acceptability, low morbidity and good functional results.

scholarly journals Prediction of Foetal Well-being with Non-stress Test

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Jahanara Rahman ◽  
Hosne Ara Begum
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Non-stress test (NST) is the most common antenatal test performed to assess the foetus at risk of intrauterine hypoxia. On the other hand non-reactivity detected by NST increases the interferences of pregnancy by Caesarean section.Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Dhaka National Medical College between July2007 and June 2008.Objectives: The objectives of the study were (1) To observe the mode of delivery in cases of non-reactive non stress test (NST) and (2) To evaluate perinatal outcome of non-reactive NST.Results: A total 137 high risk pregnant women were included in the study. Age of the women ranges from 16 to 32 years. The mean age of the women was 23.74 ± 3.71 year. Among them 44.53% were primaegravida and 55.47% were multigravida. Gestational age was between 35 and 42 weeks and mean gestational age was 38.34±1.42 weeks. Regarding foetal reactivity 61.3% (n=84) were reactive and 38.7 % (n=53) were non-reactive. Among the babies of non reactive NST 98.11% and 1.89% were delivered by caesarean section and vaginal delivery respectively. Whereas, 48.81% and 51.19% babies of reactive NST were delivered by caesarean section and vaginal delivery respectively. The percentage of caesarean section was much higher in non-reactive NST cases in comparison to that of reactive NST which was statistically highly significant (p value 0.0000). One minute after birth APGAR scoring revealed that 56.6% and 43.4% newborn of non-reactive NST had no depression( APGAR score 7-10) and mild depression ( APGAR score 4-6) respectively. On the other hand 65.47% and 34.5% newborn of reactive NST had no depression and mild depression respectively at one minute after birth. Therefore, small difference was noticed in the neonatal status between the reactive and non-reactive NST which had no statistical significance (p value 0.507). Evaluation of the neonates with APGAR scoring done 5 minutes after birth revealed mild depression (APGAR score 4-6) in 24.53% and 20.24% of non-reactive and reactive NST cases respectively and no depression (APGAR score 7- 10) was found in 75.47% and 70.76% in reactive and nonreactive NST respectively. So, 5 minutes after birth the neonatal status among reactive and non-reactive NST made no significant difference (p value 0.9266).Conclusion: Neonatal evaluation revealed that all foetuses were not compromised as detected by NST. Relying on NST the rate of Caesarean section has been increased. Reassessment of the foetal conditions was needed with the help of other techniques. Therefore NST alone is insufficiently predictive of neonatal outcome.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(2): 65-69

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