scholarly journals Patterns of Adult-Onset Epilepsy Attended in an Epilepsy Clinic in a Specialised Hospital: A Prospective Cross Sectional Study

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
MH Sardar ◽  
MAR Howlader ◽  
MU Mallik ◽  
AM Appolo ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
...  

A prospective cross sectional study was designed to assess the patterns of adult-onset epilepsy and determine the types of epilepsy which develop after complex febrile convulsion (CFC) and find out the causes of epilepsy, from January to December 2008, in Epilepsy Clinic of the Department of Neurology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. 106 consecutive adult (age>13 years) patients with adult-onset epilepsy receiving treatment from Epilepsy Clinic of the Department of Neurology of BSMMU, Dhaka, were the sample of this study. Records of these patients were reviewed & the patients & their family members were interviewed to assess the medical history. The data obtained from the records and the interviews formed the basis of this study. Chi-Square test was applied to analysis the data. Interviewed results and records of 106 patients were analyzed. Of the 106 patients with adult- onset epilepsy, the epilepsy categories [median age: 20 years, range: 14-46 years] were: generalized epilepsies in 51 (54.06%), partial epilepsies in 45 (47.7%), & undetermined epilepsies in 10 (10.6%) Thirty one (32.86%) of the 106 patients had history of CFC in the childhood (71% male, 29% female). Partial epilepsies were significantly associated with history of CFC [Odds Ratio: 3.29; (95% CI 1.30-8.06), (c2=5.49, df=1, p=0.012)] when compared to other epilepsies and epilepsy syndromes. An initial unprovoked simple partial seizure was also significantly associated with a positive history of CFC [Odds Ratio: 8.05; (95% CI 2.88-22.45), (c2=15.86, df=1, p<0.001)]. Generalized epilepsies are more common than partial epilepsies. Partial epilepsies seem to be associated with a history of CFC in childhood. The mechanism & pathophysiology of association between CFC and epilepsy in affected probands requires further investigations. Identification of the basic defect in relation to CFC & epilepsy may have important implication for the prevention of adult- onset epilepsy in patients with history of CFC. But the risk of epilepsy after febrile convulsions is much less than reported in many hospital studies & if febrile convulsion causes brain damage that leads to later epilepsy, this is a rare occurrence. Keywords: Generalized epilepsy; partial epilepsy; febrile convulsion; afebrile seizures; genetic. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v20i1.8567 J Dhaka Med Coll. 2011; 20(1) :20-24

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
MH Sardar ◽  
MAR Howlader ◽  
MZ Hossain

Objective: To assess the association between adult -onset epilepsy and history of childhood febrile convulsions (CFC) and determine the types of epilepsy which develop after CFC Design: A retrospective study. Study period: January 2008 to December 2008. Place of study: Epilepsy Clinic of the Department of Neurology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. Materials & Methods: 106 consecutive adult (age>13 years) patients with adult onset epilepsy receiving treatment from Epilepsy Clinic of the Department of Neurology of BSMMU, Dhaka were the sample of this study. Records of these patients were reviewed & the patients & their family members were interviewed to assess the medical history. The data obtained from the records and the interviews formed the basis of this study. Chi-Square test was applied to analysis the data. Results: Results of interview and records of 92 patients were analyzed. Of the 106 patients 14 patients were excluded from this study for the reasons of missing reliable data of the CFC episodes (9), secondary epilepsy due to intracerebral space occupying lesions (ICSOL) (1), history of head injury (1) & meningoencephalitis (3). Thirty one (33.7%) of the remaining ninety two patients had history of CFC in the childhood (71% male, 29% female). Partial epilepsies were significantly associated with history of CFC [Odds Ratio : 3.29; (95% CI 1.30-8.06), (c2=5.49, df=1, p<0.012)] when compared to other epilepsies and epilepsy syndromes. An initial unprovoked simple partial seizure was also significantly associated with a positive history of CFC [Odds Ratio : 8.05; (95% CI 2.88-22.45), (c2=15.86, df=1, p<0.001)]. Conclusion: Partial epilepsies seem to be associated with a history of CFC in childhood. The mechanism & pathophysiology of association between CFC and epilepsy in affected probands requires further investigations. Identification of the basic defect in relation to CFC & epilepsy may have important implication for the prevention of adult- onset epilepsy in patients with history of CFC. But the risk of epilepsy after febrile convulsions is much less than reported in many hospital studies & if febrile convulsion causes brain damage that leads to epilepsy later, this is a rare occurrence. Key words: Generalized epilepsy; partial epilepsy; febrile convulsion; afebrile seizures; genetic. DOI: 10.3329/jdmc.v18i1.6307 J Dhaka Med Coll. 2009; 18(1) : 54-57


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Soo Hwan Byun ◽  
Dae Myoung Yoo ◽  
Minwook Chang ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi ◽  
Seok Jin Hong

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the association between periodontitis and glaucoma. This prospective cohort study used epidemiological data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study performed between 2004 and 2016. Among 173,209 participants, 9572 patients with periodontitis and 115,332 controls (nonperiodontitis) were selected. We analysed the history of glaucoma in periodontitis and control participants. The participants were interviewed regarding their history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, periodontitis, glaucoma, smoking, and alcohol consumption by trained interviewers. A logistic regression model was created to analyse the odds ratio of having a history of glaucoma among patients with periodontitis. Two-tailed analyses using chi-square and independent t-tests were used for statistical analysis. The adjusted odds ratio of periodontitis as a risk factor for glaucoma was 3.44 (95% confidence interval = 2.99–3.97, p < 0.001 ). This study demonstrated that glaucoma was associated with periodontitis.


2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Nur Dini ◽  
Pudji Andayani ◽  
Lena Rosida

Abstract: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms of bacteremia and systemic signs and positive blood cultures showed that during the first month of life. Prematurity and postmaturity risk of morbidity and mortality are high on the gestation age for the occurrence of neonatal sepsis. This study aims to determine the relationship between gestational age and the incidence of neonatal sepsis in Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin. The design of this study using cross sectional study with retrospective approach. The way the sampling is the purposive sampling were obtained from medical records of patients, then performed statistical analysis using chi-square test with 95%. The number of samples that fulfilled the criteria inclusion in this study as many as 246 cases. The incidence of neonatal sepsis is more common in infants born at 37-42 weeks gestation as many as 25 cases (59.52%). The data not neonatal sepsis who were born with a gestational age <37 weeks or> 42 weeks gained as many as 20 cases (9.80%) and 37-42 weeks gestation obtained as many as 184 cases (90.20%). Chi-square test showed that there is a relationship between gestational age and the incidence of neonatal sepsis in Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin (p = 0.000) with an odds ratio (OR) 6.256. It is concluded that there is a relationship of gestation age and the incidence of neonatal sepsis (p <0.05) in hospitals Ulin Banjarmasin period June 2014-June 2015 with OR 6.256. Keywords: gestational age, sepsis, neonatal Abstrak: Sepsis neonatorum merupakan suatu sindrom klinis bakteremia yang ditandai dengan gejala dan tanda sistemik serta menunjukkan kultur darah positif yang terjadi pada bulan pertama kehidupan. Prematuritas dan posmaturitas memiliki risiko kesakitan dan kematian yang tinggi pada masa gestasi untuk terjadinya sepsis neonatorum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara masa gestasi dan kejadian sepsis neonatorum di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional study dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Cara pengambilan sampel yaitu dengan purposive sampling yang diperoleh dari data rekam medis pasien, kemudian dilakukan analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi-square dengan kepercayaan 95%. Jumlah sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 246 kasus. Kejadian sepsis neonatorum lebih banyak dijumpai pada bayi yang lahir dengan masa gestasi 37-42 minggu yaitu sebanyak 25 kasus (59,52%). Data neonatus tidak sepsis yang lahir dengan masa gestasi <37 minggu atau >42 minggu didapatkan sebanyak 20 kasus (9,80%) dan masa gestasi 37-42 minggu didapatkan sebanyak 184 kasus (90,20%). Uji chi square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara masa gestasi dan kejadian sepsis neonatorum di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin (p=0,000) dengan odds ratio (OR) 6,256. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan masa gestasi dan kejadian sepsis neonatorum (p<0,05) di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin periode Juni 2014-Juni 2015 dengan OR 6,256. Kata-kata kunci: masa gestasi, sepsis, neonatus


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Sri Handayani ◽  
Puteri Fannya ◽  
Putri Nazofah

<p><em>Based on data from the Indonesia Ministry of Health in 2015, In Indonesia, new professional nurses were just 2% of the total nurses. This figure was much lower than the Philippines which has reached 40% with bachelor and master level as their education. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between age, and leadership with the performance of health personnel</em><em>. </em><em>The design of this research was analytical research with Cross Sectional Study. The population in this study was all nurses and doctors who served in the internal room, children, surgery and midwifery</em><em>. </em><em>Sampling using total sampling</em><em> </em><em>by questionnaires. The data was processed by univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-square test</em><em>. </em><em>The result showed that 57,8% nurses had poor performance, 56,3% doctors had poor performance, 64,4% nurses had average age 26-35 years, 56,2% doctors had average age  36-45 years, 64.4% nurses have poor leadership, </em><em>and </em><em>50.0% of doctors have less good leadership</em><em>.</em><em> There is a relationship between age</em><em> and </em><em>leadership with the performance of health personnel.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p>Berdasarkan data kemenkes RI tahun 2015 jumlah tenaga kesehatan terbanyak yaitu perawat sebanyak 147.264 orang (45,65%). Di Indonesia, perawat profesional baru mencapai 2% dari total perawat yang ada. Angka ini jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan Filipina yang sudah mencapai 40% dengan pendidikan strata satu dan dua. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur, kepemimpinan dengan kinerja tenaga kesehatan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain penelitian analitik dengan Cross Sectional Study. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua perawat dan dokter. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan Total Sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner. Data diolah dengan analisis univariat menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 57,8% perawat memiliki kinerja kurang baik, 56,3% dokter memiliki kinerja kurang baik, 64,4% perawat memiliki umur rata-rata 26-35 tahun 64,4%, 56,2% dokter memiliki umur rata-rata 36-45 tahun, 64,4% perawat memiliki kepemimpinan kurang baik, 50,0% dokter memiliki kepemimpinan kurang baik. Terdapat hubungan antara umur dan kepemimpinan dengan kinerja tenaga kesehatan.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok-Jin Hong ◽  
Byoung-Eun Yang ◽  
Dae-Myoung Yoo ◽  
Sung-Jae Kim ◽  
Hyo-Geun Choi ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease resulting in patients exhibiting high levels of inflammatory factors causing systemic inflammatory bone destruction that may lead to osteoporosis development. The association between periodontitis and osteoporosis has been documented; however, the findings remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the association between periodontitis and osteoporosis using a cross-sectional study design and Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) health examinee data. Methods This cross-sectional study used epidemiological data from the KoGES during 2004–2016. Of 125,324 participants (age, 40–79 years), 9969 with periodontitis and 115,332 controls (without periodontitis) were selected. We analyzed the history of osteoporosis and fractures of all participants. All participants were examined according to age, sex, income group, obesity, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and food intake. To analyze the odds ratio (OR) of periodontitis for those with osteoporosis and fractures, a logistic regression model was used. Results The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of periodontitis for osteoporosis was 2.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.01–2.31; P < 0.001). The aOR of periodontitis for any fracture was 1.54 (95% CI 1.46–1.62; P < 0.001). Conclusion Osteoporosis and fractures are associated with periodontitis. Performing regular oral hygiene and examinations of bone mineral density are recommended to prevent aggravation of osteoporosis and periodontitis.


Author(s):  
Dyah Widiastuti ◽  
Dwi Priyanto

Leptospirosis is associated with occupations which exposed workers to contaminated environments. The risk of leptospirosis exposure in the market as a gathering place for many people needs to be assessed, to obtain the basis for decision making to anticipate leptospirosis transmission. This study aimed to determine the relationship between market environmental conditions including market sanitation conditions, the level of rat density and the presence of leptospira-positive rats  toward the history of leptospirosis exposure among market workers (traders and janitors). A cross sectional study conducted in 35 markets in Banjarnegara and 175 market workers randomly selected. Blood samples analysed using ELISA against 40 Kda pathogenic Leptospira protein. Rat trapping  conducted in each market for two days with 100 traps. The caught mice examined with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect the presence of Leptospira bacteria in their kidneys. Leptospirosis exposure was spread in 17 markets in Banjarnegara. The PCR examination showed that the pathogenic Leptospira infected rats were spread in four markets in Banjarnegara. Chi square test showed that the hygene condition in market area was significantly associated with the leptospirosis exposure. Markets workers (traders and janitors) were at risk for leptospirosis proved by high seroprevalence of leptospirosis in this study.


2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
Marc Tshilanda ◽  
Ulrick S. Kanmounye ◽  
Remy Kapongo ◽  
Michel Tshiasuma

Objectives: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death, disability, and dementia in developing countries. Our study aimed to evaluate the systemic disorders associated with mortality in patients admitted within 72 hours of the initial stroke event. Setting: The study took place at a tertiary hospital in Kinshasa. Participants: Patients admitted within 72 hours of the initial stroke event. Interventions: This cross-sectional study consisted of a retrospective review of stroke patient records from January 2016 to December 2018. The Pearson-Chi square test and odds ratios were calculated with a threshold of significance of 0.05. Main outcome measures: Mortality Results: We recruited 114 cases. The mean age was 61.8 ± 2.4 years, and the sex ratio was 1.78 in favor of men. Hypertension (76.3%), dyslipidemia (71.1%), and diabetes mellitus (58.8%) were the most frequent comorbidities. Most patients had hypoxia (85.9%), hypertension (82.4%), hyperglycemia (57.8%), and fever (28.1%). We registered thirty-two deaths (28.1%): 20 (62.5%) from the ischemic strokes, and 12 (37.5%) from hemorrhagic strokes. Systemic disorders with the worst prognosis during were arterial hypotension (OR=3.87, p >0.001), and fever (OR = 1.56, p = 0.047). Conclusion: Arterial hypotension and fever adversely affect stroke patient outcomes, and strokes are responsible for high mortality in Congo


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Irmayani

Diare adalah pengeluaran kotoran (tinja) dengan frekuensi yang meningkat (tiga kali dalam 24 jam) disertai dengan perubahan konsistensi tinja menjadi lembek atau cair, dengan atau tanpa darah/lendir dalam tinja.(Wijoyo, yosef 2013). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan jajan dengan terjadinya penyakit diare pada anak di SD Inpres Amaro Kabupaten barru. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian Analitik Correlative dengan desain Cross Sectional Study, populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa yang ada di SD Inpres Amaro Kabupaten Barru sebanyak 109 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, didapatkan 51 responden sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. analisa data mencakup analisis univariat dengan mencari distribusi frekuensi, analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi- Square Test dengan interval kemaknaan α 0,05. Dari hasil analisis bivariat pada kebiasaan jajan didapat nilai ρ = 0,004 dan personal hygiene didapat nilai ρ = 0,008. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara kebiasaan jajan dengan terjadinya penyakit diare pada anak di SD Inpres Amaro Kabupaten Barru


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Al-kalisi ◽  
Manal Al-Hajri ◽  
Sarah Al-Rai

Abstract Background: Undernutrition is an inadequate supply of energy and nutrients. Periodontal diseases (PDs) defined as a broad form of chronic inflammatory diseases of the gingiva, bone and ligaments supporting the teeth. This study aimed to reveal the effect of undernutrition, using body mass index (BMI) and serum albumin level (Alb) on PDs and other risk factors as age, smoking and khat chewing. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the faculty of dentistry, Sana’a University. Of 1920 patients attended to clinics, only 229 matched the study criteria. Oral examination was performed to assess the periodontal clinical parameters measurements. BMI and Alb was measured. Statistical analysis was used to present the association between categorical variables was assessed using Chi square test and Fisher-Exact test. ANOVA was used to assess the differences in the mean values of the quantitative outcomes. Chi square test was used to evaluate the association between BMI and age, gender, occupation, education level, smoking, khat chewing as well as BMI with PDs. Results: Most of participants (58.5%) were males and most of the study sample (91.3%) was at the age group of (18-35). Among all subjects, (81.2%) of cases were diagnosed with gingivitis. (60.7%) of study participants were mildly undernourished according to BMI. (93%) of participants showed normal Alb level. Regarding to habits, only (18.2%) of patients were smokers and more than half of participants (59.4%) were khat chewers. Conclusion: There was a relationship between PDs and undernutrition which was obviously seen between gingivitis and mild undernutrition.


Author(s):  
Etienne Belinga ◽  
Isidore Tompeen ◽  
Claude Cyrille Noa Ndoua ◽  
Junie Metogo Ntsama ◽  
Sandrine Mendibi ◽  
...  

Background: Uterine synechiae refers to a total or partial union of the inner walls of the uterus resulting from endometrial trauma. It is a cause of reproductive failure. Until now, synechia was not optimally treated and has remained understudied in Cameroon. Objective of present study was to Evaluate the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae treated by hysteroscopy.Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical component from January 1st 2015 to July 31st 2017 at Yaounde. All patients diagnosed with uterine synechiae and treated with hysteroscopy were our sample. Sampling was consecutive. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of qualitative variables and Fisher's test for ANOVA variance analysis. The comparison of the averages was made by the Student's test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Hysteroscopies were indicated for uterine synechiae in 14.50%. Nulliparous were 56.67%. A history of curettage/aspiration was present in 66.66%. All of the patients had a form of infertility and 83.33% had menstrual disorders. Hysterosalpingography showed a better sensitivity (88%). After hysteroscopic treatment, 63.30% had a complete anatomical restitution. There is a significant correlation between the stage of severity of synechia and anatomical restitution (p=0.008; Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.477).Conclusions: Uterine synechiae represent one-sixth of all indications for hysteroscopy and present clinically as menstrual disorder associated with infertility. A past history of uterine curettage is common. Hysterosalpingography has a better preoperative diagnostic sensitivity. Hysteroscopy allows optimal treatment.


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