Coexistence of Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction and Vesicoureteral Reflux

Introduction: The most common upper urinary tract problem in children is obstruction at the pelviureteric junction. It happens with varying degrees of seriousness. Ultrasonography and DTPA (Diethylene Triamine Penta-acitic Acid) renography are commonly used to detect it. Objective: To find out the coexistence of ipsilateralpelviureteric junction obstruction with vesicourenteral reflux. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2006 to May 2007 over a period of 1 year 5 months. Thirty-five patients with unilateral hydronephrosis due to PUJ obstruction were included in this study (age: 1 month-15 years). Results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Results: Incidence of Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) among pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction patients was 8.6%. Of them Grade-I VUR was 33.3% and grade-II VUR was 66.7%. Mean age of the patients was 4.71 ± 1.97 years and with VUR was 9.33 ± 4.93 years. Male to female ratio was 4:1. Only 5.7% mothers had regular antenatal checkup and 28.5% had irregular. Majority of the patients 28 (80%) were presented with painless loin mass, 6 (17.1%) with fever, 8 (22.9%) with loin pain and 8 (22.9%) with failure to thrive. Three patients (8.6%) showed abnormal R/M/E and all of the abnormal R/M/E samples showed positive culture. Conclusions: Incidence of Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) among pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction patients was 8.6%. Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(2): 94-97

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Outcome of Exernal and Internal Drainage of Urine after Anderson Hynes Pyeloplasty - A Comparative Study

Journal of Paediatric Surgeons of Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jpsb.v2i1.15159 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 22-25

Author(s):

AM Shahinoor ◽

MMR Shibli ◽

MAB Akan ◽

M Anisuzzaman ◽

MN Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Postoperative Hospital Stay ◽

Paediatric Surgery ◽

Nephrostomy Tube ◽

Split Renal Function ◽

Unilateral Hydronephrosis ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Medical University

Background: Hydronephrosis in children is a common abnormality of the kidney. Surgical intervention in patient with hydronephrosis is to improve urinary drainage and to preserve renal function. Surgery (Anderson Hynes pyeloplasty: A-H pyeloplasty ) can be done with or without (Nephrostomy tube) D-J stent.Here we are describing our comparative experience between A-H pyeloplasty with D-J stent and A-H pyeloplasty with nephrostomy tube, at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University(BSMMU) to show the postoperative advantages of the former over the latter. Objectives: To assess functional outcome after A-H pyeloplasty with or without D-J stent in patients of unilateral hydronephrosis. Post operatively renal function was estimated after 3 months by DTPA renogram. Methods: It was a prospective study at Paediatric Surgery department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from April 2009 to October 2010. Twenty eight ( age, sex, side and type of operation matched) patients of unilateral hydronephrosis were included in the study and divided into two Groups: Group A (na =15) and Group B (nb=13) patients who underwent A-H pyeloplasty with D-J stent and A-H pyeloplasty with nephrostomy tube respectively. Child with bilateral hydronephrosis, hydronephrosis with associated anomalies like horseshoe kidney, ectopic kidney, solitary kidney, hydronephrosis with vesico ureteric reflux and redopyeloplasty were excluded in this study. Unpaired t test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis whereas postoperative hospital stay and renal functional improvement were used as parameters of the study. Results: For study Group A (A-H pyeloplasty with D-J stent) postoperative hospital stay were significantly lesser (P<0.00) than the GroupB ( A-H pyeloplasty with nephrostomy tube). Post operative split renal function and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in Group A was improved (percentage) than Group B. Conclusion: This study reveals postoperative shorter hospital stay and improved postoperative split renal function in A-H pyeloplasty with D-J stent. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jpsb.v2i1.15159 Journal of Paediatric Surgeons of Bangladesh (2011) Vol. 2 (1): 22-25

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Surgical management of vesicoureteral reflux in adults

Journal of Clinical Urology ◽

10.1177/20514158211014052 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 205141582110140

Author(s):

Nnaemeka Eli ◽

Yih Chyn Phan ◽

Magda Kujawa

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽

Surgical Management ◽

Incidental Finding ◽

Paediatric Population ◽

Upper Urinary Tract ◽

Full Bladder ◽

Loin Pain ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Made In

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the upper urinary tract with or without upper-tract dilatation. This diagnosis is commonly made in childhood, affecting 1% of all births. In adults, its prevalence and incidence are not known. Presentation in adults could be with loin pain associated with voiding or a full bladder, recurrent urinary tract infections, a diagnosis carried over from childhood or an incidental finding. Most of the works on VUR have been done in the paediatric population. There are limited publications addressing VUR in adults. Unsurprisingly, the management of VUR in adults is extrapolated from the knowledge that we have gained from paediatric urology. Herein, we recap on the pathophysiology and review the surgical management of VUR in adults as published over the years.

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Haematological Disease Pattern at Specialized HOPD - A study in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

Haematology Journal of Bangladesh ◽

10.37545/haematoljbd201817 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (02) ◽

pp. 39-41

Author(s):

Md. Rafiquzzaman Khan ◽

Arifur Rahman ◽

Khaza Amirul Islam ◽

AQM Ashraful Haque ◽

Masuda Begum

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia ◽

Myeloid Leukaemia ◽

Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽

Beta Thalassemia ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Deficiency Anaemia ◽

Beta Thalassaemia ◽

Hb E ◽

Medical University

The aim of this retrospective observational study was to observe the pattern and frequency of haematological disorders among the patients attending in the specialized Haematology outpatient Department (HOPD) in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. Consecutive 201 patients over the period of one year were enrolled. Their age ranged from 01 to 72 years with a mean age of 36.76 years. Most of the patients (34.3%) were in between the ages of 31 to 45 years followed by 16 to 30 years (27.9%). Male to female ratio was 0.65. Iron deficiency anaemia is the most common (24.9%) followed by chronic myeloid leukaemia (11.9%), Hb E beta thalassaemia (9.5%), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (9.5%), beta thalassaemia trait (7.0%), Hb E trait (5.5 %), aplastic anaemia (5.0%), multiple myeloma (3.5%), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (3.0%). Acute myeloid leukaemia, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, anaemia of chronic disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, polycythaemia, beta thalassemia major and alpha thalassemia was 2.5%, 2.5%, 2.0%, 1.5%, 1.5%, 1.5%, 1.0% and 1.0%, respectively. In the present study, we observed that iron deficiency anaemia the most common non-malignant disease and chronic myeloid leukaemia is the common haematological malignancy.

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Composition of Uroliths seen in patients in Abuja, Nigeria: a single centre retrospective analysis of 155 stones

African Journal of Urology ◽

10.1186/s12301-021-00195-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Celsus Ukelina Undie ◽

Ewomazino Ibanga Nnana ◽

Kalenebari Raymond Torporo

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Calcium Oxalate ◽

Upper Urinary Tract ◽

Modern Technology ◽

Urinary Stones ◽

Mixed Composition ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Uric Acid Stones ◽

Male Patients

Abstract Background Uroliths are stones formed in the urinary tract. Analysis of stones helps to identify risk factors for their development and prevention of recurrence. Standard stone analysis using modern technology is not routinely done in Nigeria. This study sought to determine the chemical composition of urinary stones seen in Abuja, Nigeria. Methods This was a retrospective study on composition of uroliths. Urinary stones surgically removed from 155 patients through minimal access surgical procedures between January 2015 and August 2019 were analysed. Optical crystallography and infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the chemical composition of the urinary stones. Results A total of 155 urinary stones were assembled from the patients. More stones were removed from male patients and the male to female ratio was 1.9:1. Stones were rare in the extremes of age. The predominant location (89.7%) of stones was in the upper urinary tract. All stones were of mixed composition with calcium oxalate accounting for 93.55%. Calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate and uric acid stones were more common in the upper tract, while 2 of the 3 struvite stones were found in the lower tract. Conclusion Stones found in this study were of mixed composition with the most common constituent being Calcium oxalate and the least common, struvite.

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Safety assessment and diagnostic evaluation of patients undergoing contrast-enhanced urosonography in the setting of vesicoureteral reflux confirmation

Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation ◽

10.3233/ch-219110 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Constantin A. Marschner ◽

Vincent Schwarze ◽

Regina Stredele ◽

Matthias F. Froelich ◽

Johannes Rübenthaler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Diagnostic Tool ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Upper Urinary Tract ◽

Clinical Diagnostics ◽

Voiding Cystourethrography

BACKGROUND: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) represents a common pediatric anomaly in children with an upper urinary tract infection (UTI) and is defined as a retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the upper urinary tract. There are many diagnostic options available, including voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and contrasted-enhanced urosonography (ceVUS). ceVUS combines a diagnostic tool with a high sensitivity and specificity which, according to previous study results, was even shown to be superior to VCUG. Nevertheless, despite the recommendation of the EFSUMB, the ceVUS has not found a widespread use in clinical diagnostics in Europe yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2016 and 2020, 49 patients with a marked female dominance (n = 37) were included. The youngest patient had an age of 5 months, the oldest patient 60 years. The contrast agent used in ceVUS was SonoVue®, a second-generation blood-pool agent. All examinations were performed and interpreted by a single experienced radiologist (EFSUMB Level 3). RESULTS: The 49 patients included in the study showed no adverse effects. 51%of patients (n = 26) were referred with the initial diagnosis of suspected VUR, while 49%of patients (n = 23) came for follow-up examination or to rule out recurrence of VUR. The vast majority had at least one febrile urinary tract infection in their recent medical history (n = 45; 91,8%). CONCLUSION: ceVUS is an examination method with a low risk profile which represents with its high sensitivity and specificity an excellent diagnostic tool in the evaluation of vesicoureteral reflux, especially in consideration of a generally very young patient cohort.

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Frequency and Patterns of Retinal Eye Diseases in Outpatient Department of a District Hospital in Bangladesh

Medicine Today ◽

10.3329/medtoday.v32i1.44812 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Md Mahmud Ul Huda ◽

Sajed Abdul Khaleque ◽

Mohammad Habibullah ◽

Zakia Farhana

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

District Hospital ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Retinal Diseases ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Care Services ◽

Eye Health ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

Clinical Diagnoses ◽

Medicine Today

Introduction: Retinal diseases especially those due to diabetes and AMD are coming up as important causes of blindness and visual impairment. Our study is to evaluate the frequency and pattern of retinal diseases in ophthalmic outpatient department of a district hospital in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A total number of 173 referred new retina cases were reviewed at outpatient department of the 250 beded General Hospital, Jamalpur, Bangladesh, between February 2017 and November 2017. Data was analyzed according to age, sex and clinical diagnoses and detailed fundus evaluation done with binocular indirect ophthalmoscope and slit lamp using 20D and 90D lenses respectively. Results: Out of 7164 new patients,of whom 173 patients were (2.42%) presented with retinal diseases.139 patients were reviewed and followed up. Male: female ratio was 1.24:1. Out of 139 patients 77 (55.4%) were males and 62 (44.6%) females with a peak age group of 41-50 years. Diabeticrelated retinal conditions were 36 cases (25.9%), the most common cause.16 (44.44% of total DR) patients had CSME and 5(14.9%) had ADED. Diabetic retinopathy 36 cases (25.9%), Chorioretinitis 20 cases (14.4%), ARMD 11 cases (7.9%), and Optic atrophy 10 cases (7.2%). Conclusion: Retinal diseases remain an important cause of visual morbidity. There is increasing incidence of retinal blindness especially diabetic retinopathy in Bangladesh. The impression based on hospital practice is that the problem is increasing. This entails the necessity for accessible comprehensive eye care services, establishment of human resources, screening and awareness of the disease and affordable eye health policy. Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(1): 1-4

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Early Outcome of Laparoscopic Abdominoperineal Resection, Our Experience in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

Faridpur Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/fmcj.v8i2.20281 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 53-55

Author(s):

Mohammed Tanvir Jalal ◽

Shahadot Hossain Sheikh ◽

Md Rayhanur Rahman ◽

Mesbah Uddin Noman ◽

Jesmin Akhter Leena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abdominoperineal Resection ◽

Operative Procedure ◽

Operation Time ◽

Postoperative Outcomes ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Early Outcome ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

Laparoscopic Abdominoperineal Resection ◽

Medical University ◽

Age Range

Anorectal malignancies that require abdominoperineal resection (APR) is very common. Laparoscopic APR can be a better option. Laparoscopic APR has been seldom studied. This study aims to evaluate perioperative and early postoperative outcomes of laparoscopic APRs performed for the treatment of ano-rectal carcinomas. Patients operated for ano-rectal carcinoma between June 2011 to June 2013 in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) were observed. Demographics, tumor and procedure-related parameters, perioperative results, early postoperative outcomes and survival were observed. Total 22 patients were under went laparoscopic APR. Male: Female ratio was 15:7 (68.18%: 31.82%). Age range was from 30-65 years with a mean age of 36.55 years. Mean operation time was 165 minutes and mean post-operative hospital stay was 6.8 days. Overall complication rate was 45.45%. Laparoscopic APR is a safe, effective and technically feasible procedure. It can be a better operative procedure than open APR. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v8i2.20281 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2013;8(2): 53-55

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Anderson-Hynes Pyeloplasty in Children: Nonintubated Versus Intubated

Bangladesh Journal of Child Health ◽

10.3329/bjch.v35i2.10378 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 59-61

Author(s):

Gazi Zahirul Hasan ◽

AKM Zahid Hossain ◽

Md Ruhul Amin ◽

Shafiqul Hoque ◽

MTH Siddiqui

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Renal Function ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Paediatric Surgery ◽

Dhaka City ◽

Additional Advantage ◽

Differential Renal Function ◽

Medical University

Objective: To compare between nonintubated versus intubated Anderson-Hynes (AH) pyeloplasty in children.Study Design: Prospective studyStudy place: Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh and some private clinics of Dhaka city. Study period: March 2001 to December 2008.Subjects: A total of 75 patients were included in this study. They were divided in two groups. Nonintubated Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty was done in 45 patients and intubated Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty was done in 30 patients.Results: The anastomotic leakage of urine, urinary tract infection, hospital stay and improvement of differential renal function were assessed post operatively in both nonintubated and intubated groups. This study showed that there was no anastomotic failure and no post operative urinary tract infection in either group. The percentage of improvement of differential renal function is almost same in both the groups. The post operative hospital stay was markedly reduced in nonintubated Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty. In this study the post operative hospital stay in nonintubated group was average 6 days and it was average 16.5 days in intubated group.Conclusion: From this study it may be concluded that the effects of nonintubated AH pyeloplasty is as good as intubated one but an additional advantage of significantly less post operative hospital stay was observed in nonintubated group.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i2.10378 Bangladesh J Child Health 2011; Vol 35 (2): 59-61

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