In vitro Propagation of Two Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivars under Conditions of Salt Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Getachew Kassa ◽  
Tileye Feyissa
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Rooting Medium ◽  
Number Of Leaves

This study was aimed to investigate salt tolerance of two grapevine cultivars, ‘Chenine Blanc’ and ‘Canonannon’ through in vitro propagation on medium containing different concentrations of NaCl. Single-node shoots were cultured on MS with 1.0 mg/l BAP in combination with 0.1 mg/l IBA and containing 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 or 1.50% NaCl. NaCl free medium was used as control. Shoots of both cultivars were cultured on the same MS containing 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 or 1.00% CaCl2 to reduce hyperhydricity. The shoots were transferred to rooting medium followed by acclimatization in greenhouse. Number and length of shoots and roots, number of leaves and nodes, length of nodes, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots decreased significantly in consistent trend as the concentration of NaCl increased. ‘Canonannon’ cultivar was found to be significantly more tolerant to NaCl than ‘Chenine Blanc’ in all parameters. The lowest percentage of hyperhydric shoots were obtained on medium containing 0.25% CaCl2. Therefore, ‘Canonannon’ cultivar can be planted in relatively saline soils as it is more tolerant to salt than ‘Chenine Blanc’. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(1): 47-56, 2020 (June)

scholarly journals Semi-sterilized Tissue Culture for Rapid Propagation of Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) Using Immature Cuttings

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 949-954
Author(s):  
Fucheng Shan ◽  
Kevin Seaton
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Rooting Medium ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Novel Method

Rapid expansion of grapevine plantings in many parts of the world has led to increased demand for desirable planting stocks. In countries that rely on importing new varieties and have strict quarantine rules, such as Australia, vines need to stay under quarantine for ≈2 years before they are released, at which time there is very limited wood available. Hence, rapid expansion of propagating stock after release is the key to multiplying up new varieties. A novel method, referred to as Semi-sterilized Tissue Culture (SSTC) using immature single-node cuttings, was established and evaluated as a way of rapid expansion of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) planting stock. In the SSTC method, immature single-node cuttings were surface-sterilized using methylated spirits and then cultured in the root pulsing medium [1/2 Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 40 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)] for 24 hours. They were then planted in sterilized aerobic rooting medium (sphagnum peat:coarse river sand:perlite = 0.5:1:2) and cultured in a tissue culture room for ≈4 weeks for root initiation and development. The rooted immature single-node cuttings were then transferred to normal propagation beds in a greenhouse and potted on for acclimatization. Tube stock generated by SSTC easily acclimatized with a 15 times higher root strike rate than cutting propagation. It also took at least 50% less time than fully sterilized micropropagation methods to produce planting stocks. The advantages of the SSTC method are that it can be conducted under semisterilized conditions, avoiding degeneration and bacterial contamination problems encountered in micropropagation methods. By removing the time-consuming steps of the explant establishment, proliferation, and maintenance in vitro, the propagation process was simplified compared with conventional sterile tissue culture procedures. The SSTC procedure removed the need for high operator skill levels, reducing expense and allowing easier commercial adoption.

scholarly journals Salt stress and exogenous silicon influence physiological and anatomical features of in vitro-grown cape gooseberry

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Alves Lara Silva Rezende ◽  
Filipe Almendagna Rodrigues ◽  
Joyce Dória Rodrigues Soares ◽  
Helbert Rezende de Oliveira Silveira ◽  
Moacir Pasqual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Blade Thickness ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Cape Gooseberry

ABSTRACT: Salt stress is one of several major abiotic stresses that affect plant growth and development, and there are many evidences that silicon can ameliorate the injuries caused by high salinity. This study presents the results of an assay concerning: (1) the effect of in vitro NaCl-induced salt stress in cape gooseberry plants and (2) the possible mitigating effect of silicon in saline conditions. For that, nodal segments were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium under salinity (0.5 and 1.0% NaCl) with different silicic acid concentrations (0, 0.5 and 1.0g L-1). Phytotechnical characteristics, photosynthetic pigments content, and leaf anatomy were evaluated after 30 days. Shoot length, root length, number of leaves and buds, fresh and dry weight, pigment content, stomatal density and leaf blade thickness were drastically reduced by increased salt level. The supply of silicon (1.0g L-1) has successfully mitigated the effect of salinity at 0.5% NaCl for chlorophyll, carotenoids, stomatal density and leaf blade thickness. When salt stress was about 1.0%, Si was not effective anymore. In conclusion, we affirmed that, in in vitro conditions, salt stress is harmful for cape gooseberry plants and the addition of silicon showed effective in mitigating the saline effects of some features.

scholarly journals Improved Techniques for in Vitro Propagation and Germplasm Storage of Papaya

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1122-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick A. Drew
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Germplasm Storage ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Rooting Medium

A multiplication technique based on subculture of nodal sections from apically dominant shoots is described for papaya (Carica papaya L.). Best multiplication rates were obtained when single-node papaya sections were cultured on a modified De Fossard medium containing 0.5 μm of both BAP and NAA. Shoots that developed from axillary buds were dissected and cultured for 3 days on rooting medium containing 10 μm IBA and subsequently transferred to hormone-free Drew-Smith (DS) medium. Explant growth rate was significantly reduced by substitution of 1% fructose for 2% sucrose in the medium. However, after 12 months of incubation at 25C without subculture, 100% of shoots on medium containing fructose were recovered when nodal sections were subcultured and grown using the above techniques. Consequent advantages are proposed for germplasm storage in lieu of low-temperature incubation. These techniques may have application to other species. Chemical names used: N6-benzyl-aminopurine (BAP), I H -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 1 H -indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals MODIFICAÇÕES NO MEIO DE CULTURA, FOTOPERÍODO E TEMPO DE CULTIVO AFETAM O ALONGAMENTO E ENRAIZAMENTO IN VITRO DE BANANEIRA CV. PACOVAN

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Marcos Vinícius Marques Pinheiro ◽  
Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto De Carvalho ◽  
Fabrina Bolzan Martins
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Salt Mixture ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves

No intuito de elevar as taxas de sobrevivência durante a etapa de aclimatização e posterior plantio a campo, avaliou-se o enraizamento in vitro de bananeira cv. Pacovan, em diferentes concentrações de sais MS e de sacarose. Utilizou-se DIC, esquema fatorial (6x2x3), com seis meios de cultura [sendo três concentrações de nutrientes do meio MS (100%; 50% de macronutrientes; e 50% dos sais macro e micronutrientes), e duas concentrações de sacarose (1,5/3,0%)], dois fotoperíodos (12/16 h) e três tempos de cultivo (21, 28 ou 35 dias) e seis repetições/tratamento. Analisaram-se: altura da planta, número de folhas/planta, massas frescas e secas das partes aérea e radicular. Para altura da planta, massa fresca da parte aérea e radicular, o meio MS 50% dos sais + sacarose (1,5%) com fotoperíodo de 16 h e tempo de cultivo de 35 dias foi satisfatório. Para massa seca da parte aérea foi MS 50% de sais + sacarose (3%), e para massa seca da parte radicular, MS 100% + sacarose (3%) (em 12hs/28 dias e 16hs/21 dias). Para o alongamento/enraizamento in vitro da bananeira cv. Pacovan sugere-se MS 50% de sais (macro e micronutrientes), redução ou manutenção de sacarose (1,5 ou 3%) em 16h/35 dias de cultivo.Palavra-chave: Musa spp., propagação in vitro, sistema radicular. CHANGES IN CULTURE MEDIUM, PHOTOPERIOD AND TIME OF CULTIVATION AFFECT THE IN VITRO ELONGATION AND ROOTING OF BANANA CV. PACOVAN ABSTRACT:In order to achieve high rates of survival during the acclimatization and later planting in the field, was evaluated the in vitro of banana cv. Pacovan plants under different concentrations of sucrose and MS basal salt mixture. The experiment was assembled in a DIC, in 6x2x3, six different culture media [three different MS salt mixture concentrations (100%; 50% of macronutrients; and 50% of macro/micronutrients) and two sucrose concentrations (1.5/3%)], two photoperiods (12/16 hours) and three cultivation times (21, 28 or 35 days). Each treatment was composed by 6 replicates. Plant height, number of leaves/plant, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots, were analyzed. Satisfactory results for plant height and shoot and root fresh biomass were observed in MS with macro/micronutrients (50%) + sucrose (3%), 16 hours/35 days. The highest values of shoot dry weight were observed in MS with macro/micronutrients (50%) + sucrose (3%); the highest root dry weight was achieved with MS 100% + sucrose (3%) (12hs/28 and 16hs/21 days). The suggested medium for the in vitro elongation and rooting stage of banana cv. Pacovan is the MS with 50% of salts (macro and micronutrients), reduction or maintenance of sucrose (1.5 or 3%) in 16h/35 days of cultivation.Keywords: Musa spp., in vitro propagation, root system. DOI:

scholarly journals ASAI KEMAMPUAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT DARI KACANG TANAH DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Sclerotium sp. PADA KECAMBAH KACANG TANAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-186
Author(s):  
Lisa Novita Arios ◽  
Dwi Suryanto . ◽  
Kiki Nurtjahja . ◽  
Erman Munir .
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Assay on ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from peanut to inhibit Sclerotium sp. growth in peanut seedlings.   A study on assay of ability of endophytic bacteria to inhibit Sclerotium sp. in peanut seedling has been done. The bacteria were isolated from peanut healthy plants, while Sclerotium sp. was isolated from infected peanaut plant. Antagonistic assay was conducted by dual culture method.  In vivo assay of inhibiting Sclerotium sp. was conducted by dipping peanut seed in bacterial solution, and planting the seed in soil:compost (3:1) growing media. Six endophytic bacterial isolates showed to inhibit the growth of Sclerotium sp. in vitro. LN1 seemed to inhibit more of Sclerotium sp., while LN5 showed to inhibit less. Two potential isolates LN1 of gram-negative and LN2 of gram-positive using for further study showed to decrease more of dumping off. It also seemed that the isolates increased the seedling height, number of leaves, and dry weight.

scholarly journals An efficient in vitro propagation protocol for snowdrop anemone (Anemone sylvestris L.) 

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 186-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Šedivá ◽  
Pavla Zahumenická ◽  
Eloy Fernández Cusimamani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Vitro Production

This study investigated in vitro production of diploid (AS2) and tetraploid (AS4) cytotypes of snowdrop anemone. The effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on in vitro shoot multiplication and rooting was investigated. The effect of activated charcoal (AC) on root induction was also studied. Ploidy level affected growth characteristics during multiplication and rooting. Shoot induction in AS4 was higher on medium supplemented with cytokinin (3.2–3.6), while the AS2 clone formed the most shoots on PGR-free medium (3.6). The highest rooting percentage was achieved on PGR-free medium in both genotypes (AS2 clone, 100% and AS4 clone, 93.3%). The addition of AC to the PGR media largely increased root induction and root length. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatised in the greenhouse with 100% survival. Thus, the described micropropagation protocol represents a rapid and effective in vitro propagation method for utilisation in horticulture and conservation programmes of snowdrop anemone.

scholarly journals Facilitate Seed Germination of the Golden Shower Tree (Cassia fistula) in vitro Using TiO2 Nanoparticles and Scarification Treatments

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Feizi ◽  
Mousa Mousavi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Salt Mixture ◽  
Cassia Fistula ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Tree Seeds

<p>The main propagation method of <em>Cassia fistula</em> is sowing seeds. The seed germination is usually low because of its impermeable hard coat. Therefore, this experiment evaluated the effects of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles and scarification methods on seed germination and seedling growth <em>in vitro</em> condition. The tree seeds were treated with, hot water, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (36N), and mechanical scarification and culture on ¼ MS salt mixture. The medium was supplemented with different concentrations of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles. The results showed that the highest percentage and rate of germination was recorded in seeds treated with mechanical scarification. The highest shoot and root dry weight was recorded for seeds treated with mechanical scarification and grown on MS media supplemented with 1.5 mg/ml TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles. TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles did not show any significant effects on the percentage and rate of germination. Different growing soil mixtures had significant effects on the growth of the ex vitro transferred plantlets. Coco peat and peat moss mixture (1:1) was found to be more effective in increasing the number of leaves and root length of the seedlings.</p>

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Monastrell’

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 80-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tània San Pedro ◽  
Rosa Peiró ◽  
Joan Villanova ◽  
Antonio Olmos ◽  
Carmina Gisbert
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Viburnum treleasei Gand., an Azorean Endemic with High Ornamental Interest

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1668-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Moura ◽  
Maria Irene Candeias ◽  
Luís Silva
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Development ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Benzyl Adenine ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Rare And Endangered

The purpose of our research was to establish a protocol for the in vitro culture of Viburnum treleasei, a rare and endangered taxon with high ornamental potential endemic to the Azores islands. The surface sterilization of the explants was better achieved with a pretreatment of 0.1% (w/v) Benomyl for 2 h followed by 0.2% (w/v) HgCl2 for 10 min with agitation. Shoot tips were the most efficient explants for shoot development and single-node segments for proliferation. Woody plant medium (WPM) was adequate for all micropropagation stages. For culture establishment and shoot development, a hormone-free medium was adequate, whereas a 1.1 μM N6-benzyl adenine medium supplement was more efficient for shoot multiplication. Elongation and rooting could be carried out on a 1.3 μM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid-supplemented medium. Acclimatization of in vitro-produced plantlets was achieved after 1 month with a success rate of 50%. This in vitro propagation procedure will be useful for the conservation of Viburnum treleasei through production of morphologically true-to-type plants, allowing the recovery of depleted natural populations. Chemical names used: N6-benzyl adenine (BA); 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); HgCl2 (mercury bichloride).

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