scholarly journals Production process and marketing system of cucumber: A socioeconomic study in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
A Lutfa ◽  
FA Happy ◽  
F Yeasmin
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Average Price ◽  
Marketing System ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Marketing Function ◽  
Benefit Cost

The study was undertaken to evaluate the production process and marketing system of cucumber in Mymesingh district of Bangladesh. Primary data were collected from 50 stakeholders (30 farmers, 7 wholesaler, 7 retailers and 6 local traders) of Phulpur upazila and Mymensingh city. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the producers and convenience sampling was used for selecting the traders. The study revealed that production of cucumber was profitable in the study areas (with benefit cost ratio 1.59). Total marketing cost of cucumber was the highest for local traders (Tk. 2.73 per acre) and lowest for retailers (Tk.1.57per acre).In the study area, six market participants were identified which were producer, local trader, wholesaler, retailer, street seller and consumer. Gross and net marketing margin were the highest for retailers (4.25 Tk./kg and 2.65 Tk./kg, respectively). The study identified two cucumber marketing channels in Phulpur upazila and five in Mymensingh city. The seasonal price index of cucumber was the highest in the month of October (135.67) which indicated that price of cucumber in this month was 35.67 percent higher than average price and the lowest was in May (60.62). The result implied that price in this month was 39.38 per cent less than average price. The findings of this study about production, marketing function and seasonal price will help farmers and intermediaries involved with cucumber production and marketing to improve cucumber business. SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 135-147 (2019)

scholarly journals Value Chain Analysis of Brinjal in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Shah Johir Rayhan ◽  
Md. Jahurul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Mizanul Haque Kazal ◽  
M. Kamruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Value Chain Analysis ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
Benefit Cost

This study examined the value chain and marketing margin of brinjal in Bandarban, Khagrachari and Chittagong of Bangladesh. It looks at profitability, value addition at different levels and marketing efficiency for the various market. The simple random sampling technique was followed for collecting primary data from the vegetable growers in the study area. In this study, total 60 growers and 50 market intermediaries were selected. A primary survey was carried out in January to June 2016. The benefit-Cost Ratio was used for estimating profitability. Marketing cost and margin were used for calculating the value addition in every stage of the supply chain. For assessing marketing efficiency, price spread, producers share, and Acharya’s methods were employed. The result revealed that brinjal cultivation was profitable since the Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) of brinjal cultivation was 1.59. The highest net marketing margin for brinjal was found in chain II. The most efficient marketing chain was found in chain III, which is Farmer → Retailer → Consumer (Local) in the study area. It appears that, based on the findings of the study, there is considerable scope exists for developing the value chain through keeping the marketing efficiency at the chain III level.

Profitability and Efficiency Analyses of Small Scale Rice processing units in Ngoketunjia Division, North West Region, Cameroon.

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Bime M.J ◽  
Fon D.E ◽  
Ngalim S.B ◽  
Ongla J
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Parboiled Rice ◽  
North West ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Rice Processing

Rice production and processing over the years has been on an increase with more small holders entering the business. This study on profitability of processing and marketing of small scale rice processors had as objective to analyse the profitability levels of rice processing and marketing by small scale processors, determine the value added to the commodity at each stage  and also identify the constraints faced by these processors. The study used primary data collected using well-structured questionnaire from millers only, miller traders for white/parboiled rice through a multistage sampling technique. Results showed that the net processing income (3,151,201), value added (8,147,456) and efficiency (138) for miller-traders of white rice was highest, followed by miller-traders for parboiled rice and lastly millers only. Results further showed that millers only had Benefit/cost ratio of 0.4 indicating that milling only is not profitable due to small quantities milled, and high fixed cost. Miller-traders for parboiled rice had a benefit/cost ratio of 2.3 implying that their venture is most profitable. Based on the results, it was recommended that millers only should purchase large quantities of paddy to enable them reduce the overhead cost. Also the services of parboilers should reflect in the sales price of parboiled rice so that the parboiling services can be paid for.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberusum) Marketing in Metropolitan Markets of Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
U. E. Umoffia ◽  
U. K. Iroegbute ◽  
T. M. Barnabas ◽  
J. A. Nandi ◽  
J. N. Akeweta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Irish Potato ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Personal Savings ◽  
Benefit Cost

Aims: This paper evaluates the economic analysis of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum) marketing in the metropolitan markets of Bauchi State. Study Design: A sample random sampling technique was used in selecting eighty (80) respondents (30 wholesalers and 50 retailers). Place and Duration of Study: The study was done at Bauchi State, Nigeria. Methodology: Questionnaire was used to collect data on the socio-economic characteristics of the marketers and other information on cost/return from the respondents. It was however complemented with oral interviews. Results: The results shows that the enterprise is a profitable venture in the metropolitan markets of Bauchi with a Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) of (1.84) Yelwa Tudu market compared to other markets, while acquisition cost constitutes the highest proportion of the total cost of marketing potato. The majority of the marketers were female (57.75%) with 70% of the total respondents falling within the age bracket of 30-50 years. Majority of the marketers had a marketing experience of 1-10 years (58.73%). Also 70% of the marketers were married and 57% started their business with personal savings. Conclusion: The present study identified different challenges in Irish potatoes production and marketing in Bauchi State, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Benefit Cost Analysis of Different Rice Varieties in Kapilvastu District, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226
Author(s):  
Sundar Sapkota ◽  
Sanjib Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Benefit Cost

Rice is an annual plant belongs to family Poaceae. It is the major staple food crop of Nepal and can be grown from plain to mountainous regions of Nepal. The crop varieties differ from each other in terms of production cost, gross return and gross margin. The objective of this study was to analyze benefit cost ratio for production of different rice varieties. The study was carried out in Kapilvastu district of Nepal in 2018. A sample size of 120 respondents were selected randomly. Four different rice varieties: Gorakhnath, Radha-4, Ramdhan, and Sawa were used for the study. The primary data were collected through household survey using interview schedule. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences and Microsoft Excel. The average cost of production was amounted to NRs. 77,100/ha for all four rice varieties. Sawa variety had the highest gross return (NRs. 1,01,212.5/ha). The benefit cost ratio was observed highest for Sawa (1.312) and lowest for Radha-4 variety (1.005). Sawa is the most economic rice variety in terms of gross and net production in the study area. The findings will help farmers to choose and cultivate rice variety with greater profitability. It is recommended that concerned authorities should give emphasis on subsidies, farmers training and ensuring floor price of rice.  Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 222-226

Analysis of whole and filleted stockfish (Gadusmorhua) marketing IN Ebonyi Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
M.O. Nwabunike ◽  
G.V.C. Igwe ◽  
I.K. Agama ◽  
C.E. Esheya
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Comparative Cost ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Broad Objective ◽  
Benefit Cost

The study was conducted with the broad objective of analyzing the profitability of marketing different forms (whole and filleted) of stock fish in Ebonyi rural markets. A total of 80 stock fish sellers were carefully selected through an unbiased (multi-stage and random) sampling technique. The data collected were analyzed using simple frequency and percentages as well as gross margin and comparative cost ratio. The result showed that 92.5% of the stockfish sellers were females and married with mean age of 38 years, mean household size of 9 persons and mean year of experience of 14. It was further observed that between the two forms of stock fish marketed in Ebonyi rural communities, filleted type was more profitable having a profit of N669,000 and benefit cost ratio (BCR) of N1: 2.352 as against that of whole form with a profit of N286,000 and BCR of N1: 1.685. The results of the study implied that it is advisable to market stock fish in the filleted form rather than selling it whole. Keywords: Stock fish, gross margin, marketing, profitability, Ebonyi Rural Area

scholarly journals Competitiveness of banana value chain along Hetauda-Dumkibas road corridor, Nepal: An eclectic approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Manoj Sharma ◽  
Shiva Chandra Dhakal ◽  
Raj Kumar Adhikari ◽  
Ujjal Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Eclectic Approach ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Benefit Cost

Government of Nepal has announced a super-zone of banana in Chitwan district and a block in Nawalparasi East district to enhance productivity and commercialization of banana subsector in the Hetauda-Dumkibas road corridor. This study is the first of its kind to analyze the competitive position of banana value chains in the corridor. Using the literature review approach, the paper generated a conceptual framework to assess competitiveness of value chain. A total of 160 producers, 22 traders, 3 wholesale commission agents and 10 agrovets were selected using stratified random sampling method. The pretested semi-structured questionnaires surveys, focused group discussions and key informant interviews were conducted to collect primary data and analyzed using STATA and MS Excel. The study revealed two value chain streams in the corridor- one in Chitwan district and another in Nawalparasi East district. Most of the structure indicators were found similar for both value chain streams. Banana market was monopolistically competitive along both chains. Producers of Chitwan district were more competitive than Nawalparasi East because of their higher benefit cost ratio and higher farm gate price for fingers. The reasons for this were relatively better institutional set up contributing to extension, insurance and training services, and better technological adoption rate in Chitwan district. In addition, the chain stream of Nawalparasi East had relatively lower marketing cost and higher market margin, market efficiency and value addition. The reasons for this were shorter chains and low level of transportation cost. Thus, policy efforts to strengthen local institutions providing extension, training, insurances, market information and credits are recommended to improve the performance of the value chain. In addition, encouraging processing and value addition of bananas should be of concern to development practitioners and policy makers.

scholarly journals Analysis of alternative selection for vertical clearance design under Tabalong Bridge of PT Adaro Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Diean Oktavian Regar ◽  
Aqli Mursadin
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Bcr Method ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
National Road ◽  
Alternative Designs

PT Adaro Indonesia is trying to adjust a vertical clearance under Tabalong Bridge 1 (unloaded) and Tabalong Bridge 2 (loaded) because the existing conditions still apply a minimum vertical clearance of 4 m. I t should be in accordance with latest Regulation of the Minister of Public Works No. 19/PRT/M/2011 that for vertical clearance above national road at least 5.1 m. This specification has not been met by the national road under the Tabalong 1 & 2 Bridges bec ause both bridges were built in the 90s. Therefore we need an engineering technique to overcome this. There are 2 alternative designs, namely lowering the elevation of the national road and increasing the elevation of the bridge's upper structure to mitiga te oversized vehicles so as not to hit the lower structure of the Tabalong bridge. In determining the selection of the best alternative designs in this research is based on two (2) things, non financial criteria with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and financial criteria with Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA)/Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) method. This study uses a survey method by distributing questionnaires and interviews as a means of collecting primary data. In addition, previous research and consultant DED documents were used as a means of collecting secondary data. The AHP method is used to process primary data to produce a decision from a non financial aspect. While the LCC/BCR method is used to process secondary data to produce a decision from the financi al aspect . The results of the AHP analysis obtained that the synthesis value of the decision the option of lowering national roads was 85% and the bridge lifting option was 15% and the consistency ratio (CR) was 0.05 < 0.1. The consistency ratio below 0.1 shows that the questionnaire data from the respondents are consistent. The results of the analysis of Life Cycle Cost (LCC) obtained the option of lowering national roads where the LCC value is Rp. 44,877,651,669.27 more economical than the bridge lifting option. Then the results of the Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) analysis obtained the option of lowering national roads with a BCR value of 2.33 > 1 and NPV = Rp. 43,442,264,804.34 > 1 means that the option lowering national roads is feasible. While the bridge li fting option is obtained by analyzing the value of BCR = 0.98 < 1 and NPV = option is not feasible to implement.

scholarly journals Technical and economic performance of combined harvester in farmers’ field

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hossain ◽  
MA Hoque ◽  
MA Wohab ◽  
MA M Miah ◽  
MS Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Benefit Cost

Labour scarcity, harvesting loss, timely harvesting and harvesting cost are crucial in rice and wheat harvesting in Bangladesh. Combine harvester is a newly introduced harvesting machine in Bangladesh. This study was undertaken to evaluate the technical and economic performance of combine harvester available in farmers? field and farmer?s perception regarding the use of combine. Field tests of two new (CLASS andDaedong) and two refresh (Kukje and Anower) combine harvesters were conducted for harvesting rice and wheat in the farners? field of Jessore, Pabna,Dinajpurand Thakurgaon districts during 2011-12. Primary data were collected from 30 adopter and 30 non-adopter farmers from each district of Bogra, Rangpur, Dinajpur and Thakurgaon through direct interviewingduring 2012-13. Information was also collected from different combine harvester traders available in Bangladesh. Average time, cost and grain saving by combine harvester over manual methods were 97.50, 35.00 and 2.75%, respectively. Benefit cost ratio of CLASS, Daedong, Kukje and Anower combine harvesters were found to be 2.68, 2.11, 2.29 and 2.70, respectively. The payback periods of refresh combine harvesters were lower than the new combine harvester. There were some mechanical problems observed in refresh combine harvesters during field operations. New harvester was observed almost trouble free and popular to the famers. Scarcity of spare parts and mechanic service were the main problems for repair and maintenance of the combine harvesters in farm level. Considering the technical performance of combine harvester and demand of the farmers, new combine harvester may be introduced in commercial basis in Bangladesh.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(2): 291-304 June 2015

scholarly journals An Economic Analysis on Production of Hill Banana in Dindigul District of Tamil Nadu, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 244-249
Author(s):  
B. Chandru ◽  
A. Rohini ◽  
M. Chandrakumar ◽  
V. Anandhi
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Hill

This study was primarily concentrated on hill banana cultivation. The purpose of this study is to find the economics of hill banana cultivation and the problems faced by the hill banana farmers during the production of hill bananas in the Dindigul district of Tamil Nadu. Economics of the hill banana cultivation was done by finding the cost and returns associated with the hill banana cultivation and constraints faced by the hill banana farmers with Garrett's ranking technique. Many previous research on the production of various agricultural commodities was focused on a specific area and/or a specific commodity. There was a little study on banana production and limitations in some regions in Tamil Nadu. As a result, the focus of this research will be on hill banana production in the Dindigul district. Purposive and convenience sampling technique was used in this study. Primary data were collected by the personal interview with a well-structured interview schedule. The cost and returns of hill bananas were calculated per hectare. The average cost of production of hill bananas was estimated to be ₹2.04 lakh/ha. The average gross return was ₹5.04 lakh/ha and the average net return was estimated to be ₹2.99 lakh/ha. The result of the study shows that hill banana cultivation was highly profitable and the benefit-cost ratio (BC Ratio) was more than unity (2.46). The major constraints faced by hill banana farmers in the cultivation of hill bananas were pest attack (insects) followed by disease attack, lack of labor availability, animal attack, and drought. The findings will assist policymakers in developing appropriate programs and adjusting strategies for improving hill banana production in Tamil Nadu.

scholarly journals An Economic Analysis of Poplar Cultivation in Punjab

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Poplar Plantation ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Agro Forestry

The present study analyzed the economic viability of poplar based agro-forestry system in Punjab. Primary data were collected from a sample of 60 adopters and 32 non-adopters of agro-forestry from 4 clusters of villages from Ludhiana and Ropar districts of Punjab state pertaining to year 2013-14. Two types of agro-forestry systems AFS-I (wheat + kharif fodder during 1st four years of poplar cultivation) and AFS-II (sugarcane for first two years and wheat during 3-4 years) were identified. The establishment cost was estimated at ` 7,871 per acre for an average farmer. The operational cost was worked out at ` 3,724 during 1-4 years and ` 2,919 during 5-6 years of plantation in AFS-I on per acre basis. The per acre operational cost in AFS-II was estimated at ` 1,904 during 1-2 years, ` 5,071 during 3-4 years and ` 3,630 during 5-6 years of poplar plantation. The net returns were ` 2,02,463, ` 2,05,283 and ` 2,29,720 in AFS-I and ` 2,19,015, ` 1,78,832 and ` 2,00,639 in AFS-II at 4th, 5th and 6th years of harvesting on per acre basis. The benefit-cost ratio and net present value were the highest at 5th year of harvesting in case of AFS-I and AFS-II. The analysis of benefit-cost ratio and net present value showed that the investment in poplar cultivation is considered to be economically viable during the study year.

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