Assessment of Disease Resistance and High Yielding Traits of Common Buckwheat Genotypes in Subtropical Climate of Nepal

Twelve common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) genotypes received from Hill Crops Research Program, Kabre, Dolakha were evaluated for resistance against major foliar fungal diseases and high yielding traits at the research field of National Maize Research Program, Rampur, Chitwan during winter seasons of two consecutive years 2017 and 2018. The design of the experiment was Randomized Complete Block having three replications. The unit plot size was 3m x 2m with 25cm row to row spacing and continues plant to plant spacing was maintained and net harvested plot was 6 sq meters. The experiment was planted at last week of October in both years. The recommended dose of fertilizer was 30:30:0 for N:P:K kg ha-1 respectively and seed rate 50 kg ha-1. Disease data were recorded for downy mildew (Perenospora fagopyri), powdery mildew (Erysiphepolygoni) and botrytis leaf blight (Botrytis cinerea) severity on 20 randomly tagged plants/plot. The yield and yield attributing traits were recorded. Buckwheat genotypes differed significantly (p<0.05) on disease severity, grain yield and yield attributing traits. Genotypes CBBP-01, KIF-72-22-520, GF5283, ACC#2234 and ACC#2213 were resistant to powdery mildew, downy mildew and botrytis leaf blight and also resulted in higher grain yield. Grain yield had found strong negative correlation with the fungal disease severity of buckwheat. These genotypes might be useful for the development of major foliar fungal disease resistant high yielding common buckwheat variety in inner terai region of Nepal. SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 143-152 (2020)

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Field efficacy of formulation of fungal bioagents against bacterial leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Uyeda and Ishiyama) Dowson

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v5i2.346 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 423-426 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gokil Prasad Gangwar

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽

Comparative Efficacy ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Maximum Increase ◽

Kharif Season ◽

Field Efficacy ◽

Different Sources

In the present study, Trichoderma harzianum, T. hamatum, T. virens and three isolates of Trichoderma spp. were evaluated for their comparative efficacy against bacterial leaf blight of rice, under field conditions. All the bioagent formulations were significantly effective in reducing disease severity over check during Kharif season 2006 and 2007. T. harzianum was found to be most effective and resulted 48.26 and 59.22 % reduction in disease severity during Kharif season 2006 and 2007, respectively. Maximum increase in grain yield (16.21%) was recorded with T. harzianum followed by isolate 40 (14.58%), during Kharif season 2006. Whereas during Kharif season 2007, maximum increase in grain yield (18.95%) was recorded with T. harzianum which is followed by T. virens (14.65%) and isolate 40 (12.57 %). Present study revealed that T. harzianum (isolated from rice phylloplane) was found to be most effective in reducing disease severity and increasing grain yield as compared to other isolates obtained from different sources.

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Detecting Wheat Powdery Mildew and Predicting Grain Yield Using Unmanned Aerial Photography

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-12-17-1893-re ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 102 (10) ◽

pp. 1981-1988 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Wei Liu ◽

Xueren Cao ◽

Jieru Fan ◽

Zhenhua Wang ◽

Zhengyuan Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Flight Altitude ◽

Imaging Data ◽

Remote Imaging ◽

Wheat Powdery Mildew ◽

Imaging Tool ◽

Random Coefficient Regression ◽

Relationship Of

High-resolution aerial imaging with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was used to quantify wheat powdery mildew and estimate grain yield. Aerial digital images were acquired at Feekes growth stage (GS) 10.5.4 from flight altitudes of 200, 300, and 400 m during the 2009–10 and 2010–11 seasons; and 50, 100, 200, and 300 m during the 2011–12, 2012–13, and 2013–14 seasons. The image parameter lgR was consistently correlated positively with wheat powdery mildew severity and negatively with wheat grain yield for all combinations of flight altitude and year. Fitting the data with random coefficient regression models showed that the exact relationship of lgR with disease severity and grain yield varied considerably from year to year and to a lesser extent with flight altitude within the same year. The present results raise an important question about the consistency of using remote imaging information to estimate disease severity and grain yield. Further research is needed to understand the nature of interyear variability in the relationship of remote imaging data with disease or grain yield. Only then can we determine how the remote imaging tool can be used in commercial agriculture.

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Disease Severity and Grain Yield in Barley Multilines with Resistance to Powdery Mildew

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183x002900060027x ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 1459-1463 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Per Kølster ◽

Lisa Munk ◽

Olav Stølen

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Disease Severity

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Monitoring of Wheat Powdery Mildew under Different Nitrogen Input Levels Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13183753 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (18) ◽

pp. 3753

Author(s):

Wei Liu ◽

Chaofei Sun ◽

Yanan Zhao ◽

Fei Xu ◽

Yuli Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Powdery Mildew ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Spectral Reflectance ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Hyperspectral Remote Sensing ◽

Nitrogen Input ◽

Wheat Powdery Mildew ◽

Reflectance Data

Both wheat powdery mildew severities and nitrogen input levels can lead to changes in spectral reflectance, but they have been rarely studied simultaneously for their effect on spectral reflectance. To determine the effects and influences of different nitrogen input levels on monitoring wheat powdery mildew and estimating yield by near-ground hyperspectral remote sensing, Canopy hyperspectral reflectance data acquired at Feekes growth stage (GS) 10.5.3, 10.5.4, and 11.1 were used to monitor wheat powdery mildew and estimate grain yield under different nitrogen input levels during the 2016–2017, 2017–2018, 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 seasons. The relationships of powdery mildew and grain yield with vegetation indices (VIs) derived from spectral reflectance data across the visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) regions of the spectrum were studied. The relationships of canopy spectral reflectance or first derivative spectral reflectance with powdery mildew did not differ under different nitrogen input levels. However, the dynamics of VIs differed in their sensitivities to nitrogen input levels, disease severity, grain yield, The area of the red edge peak (Σdr680–760 nm) was a better overall predictor for both disease severity and grain yield through linear regression models. The slope parameter estimates did not differ between the two nitrogen input levels at each GSs. Hyperspectral indices can be used to monitor wheat powdery mildew and estimate grain yield under different nitrogen input levels, but such models are dependent on GS and year, further research is needed to consider how to incorporate the growth stage and year-to-year variation into future applications.

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Treatment of Black-Rot, Brown-Rot, Downy Mildew, Powdery Mildew, and Anthracnose of the Grape; Pear Scab and Leaf-Blight, and Apple Powdery Mildew

The Journal of Mycology ◽

10.2307/3752349 ◽

1890 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

B. T. Galloway

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Downy Mildew ◽

Brown Rot ◽

Leaf Blight ◽

Black Rot ◽

Pear Scab

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Influence of sowing dates on the incidence of powdery mildew of chilli

Journal of AgriSearch ◽

10.21921/jas.v4i2.7784 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

SUDHEENDRA A. ASHTAPUTRE

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Time Interval ◽

Research Station ◽

Inoculum Potential ◽

Weather Factors ◽

Agricultural Research Station ◽

Sowing Dates

A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2005 at Agricultural Research station, Devihosur, Haveri, Karnataka to assess the progress of powdery mildew at different time interval of sowing dates. Totally 20 different dates of sowings were imposed in the experiment at an interval of 10 days. The crop sown on last week of May to mid of June recorded minimum disease severity compared to rest of the date of sowings. This clearly indicated that crop sown during this period suffers less, which may be due to low inoculum potential, whereas late sown crop suffers more because of the readily available inoculum in the early sown crops. Low disease severity in last week of May to mid of June sowing may be attributed to the non-congenial weather factors for the development of the disease.

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Variety resistance of winter barley to powdery mildew in the field in 1976−2005

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/2067-cjgpb ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 43 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 87-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. Dreiseitl

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽

Specific Resistance ◽

Winter Barley ◽

Mildew Resistance ◽

Average Resistance ◽

The Difference ◽

The Given ◽

Resistance Of Varieties

The results of evaluation of powdery mildew resistance in winter barley varieties in 285 Czech Official Trials conducted at 20 locations were analysed. Over the period, the number of varieties tested per year increased from four to seven in 1976−1985 to 53−61 in 2002−2005. To assess the resistance of varieties, only trials with sufficient disease severity were used. In 1976−2000, six varieties (1.7% of the varieties tested in the given years) ranked among resistant (average resistance of a variety in a year > 7.5) including NR-468 possessing the gene Mla13, KM-2099 with mlo and Marinka with the genes Mla7, MlaMu2. In 2001−2005, already 33 varieties (16.9%) ranked among resistant, of which Traminer possessing the genes Ml(St) and Ml(IM9 dominated. The proportion of susceptible varieties (average resistance ≤ 5.5) did not change in the two mentioned periods. Two-rowed varieties began to be tested as late as in 1990 (the first variety was Danilo), however, no difference was found in the resistance of two- and six-rowed varieties. Using an example of two pairs of varieties (Dura-Miraj and Marinka-Tiffany) with identical genes for specific resistance but with different resistance in the field, the efficiency of non-specific resistance is discussed. The resistance of domestic and foreign varieties was similar in 1994−2000; however, in 2001−2005 the difference was 0.75 point to disadvantage of domestic ones.

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Content of trans-resveratrol in leaves and berries of interspecific grapevine (Vitis sp.) varieties

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/238/2008-cjfs ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 26 (Special Issue) ◽

pp. S13-S17 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P. Bábíková ◽

N. Vrchotová ◽

J. Tříska ◽

M. Kyseláková

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Downy Mildew ◽

Plasmopara Viticola ◽

Fungal Diseases ◽

Uncinula Necator ◽

Botryotinia Fuckeliana

The aim of this project was to study changes in the content of trans-resveratrol in berries and leaves of grapevine (Vitis sp.) infested by fungal diseases, especially by Botryotinia fuckeliana Whetzel, called as grey mildew, Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Berl & De Toni, called downy mildew and Uncinula necator (Schw.) Burr, called powdery mildew. In our experiments two white and two blue varieties were used. Contents of trans-resveratrol were determined in healthy and infested leaves and in healthy berries. Infested leaves of white varieties contained more trans-resveratrol than those of blue varieties. The content of trans-resveratrol in berries was lower than that in leaves.

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Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the Brassica oleracea L. chitin-binding genes and response to pathogens infections

Planta ◽

10.1007/s00425-021-03596-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 253 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Mingzhao Zhu ◽

Shujin Lu ◽

Mu Zhuang ◽

Yangyong Zhang ◽

Honghao Lv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Gene Family ◽

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Downy Mildew ◽

Fusarium Wilt ◽

Black Spot ◽

Housekeeping Genes ◽

Chitinase Gene ◽

Genome Wide ◽

A Genome

Abstract Main conclusion Chitinase family genes were involved in the response of Brassica oleracea to Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew, black spot and downy mildew. Abstract Abstract Chitinase, a category of pathogenesis-related proteins, is believed to play an important role in defending against external stress in plants. However, a comprehensive analysis of the chitin-binding gene family has not been reported to date in cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.), especially regarding the roles that chitinases play in response to various diseases. In this study, a total of 20 chitinase genes were identified using a genome-wide search method. Phylogenetic analysis was employed to classify these genes into two groups. The genes were distributed unevenly across six chromosomes in cabbage, and all of them contained few introns (≤ 2). The results of collinear analysis showed that the cabbage genome contained 1–5 copies of each chitinase gene (excluding Bol035470) identified in Arabidopsis. The heatmap of the chitinase gene family showed that these genes were expressed in various tissues and organs. Two genes (Bol023322 and Bol041024) were relatively highly expressed in all of the investigated tissues under normal conditions, exhibiting the expression characteristics of housekeeping genes. In addition, under four different stresses, namely, Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew, black spot and downy mildew, we detected 9, 5, 8 and 8 genes with different expression levels in different treatments, respectively. Our results may help to elucidate the roles played by chitinases in the responses of host plants to various diseases.

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