scholarly journals Field efficacy of formulation of fungal bioagents against bacterial leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Uyeda and Ishiyama) Dowson

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokil Prasad Gangwar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Different Sources

In the present study, Trichoderma harzianum, T. hamatum, T. virens and three isolates of Trichoderma spp. were evaluated for their comparative efficacy against bacterial leaf blight of rice, under field conditions. All the bioagent formulations were significantly effective in reducing disease severity over check during Kharif season 2006 and 2007. T. harzianum was found to be most effective and resulted 48.26 and 59.22 % reduction in disease severity during Kharif season 2006 and 2007, respectively. Maximum increase in grain yield (16.21%) was recorded with T. harzianum followed by isolate 40 (14.58%), during Kharif season 2006. Whereas during Kharif season 2007, maximum increase in grain yield (18.95%) was recorded with T. harzianum which is followed by T. virens (14.65%) and isolate 40 (12.57 %). Present study revealed that T. harzianum (isolated from rice phylloplane) was found to be most effective in reducing disease severity and increasing grain yield as compared to other isolates obtained from different sources.

scholarly journals Effect of fungal and bacterial bioagent application on total phenolic content in rice leaves pre-inoculated with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Uyeda and Ishiyama) Dowson

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokil Prasad Gangwar ◽  
A. P. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Rice Leaf ◽  
Rice Leaves

Present study was carried out to observe the effect of fungal and bacterial bioagents on total phenolic content in rice leaves pre-inoculated with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and on disease severity of bacterial leaf blight of rice. Two commercial formulations of Trichoderma harzianum (PBA-1) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (PBA-2) and four formulations of fluorescent pseudomonads and Trichoderma spp. viz, P. fluorescens (Pf 83, rice leaf isolate), fluorescent pseudomonad (FLP 88, rice leaf isolate), T. harzianum (rice leaf isolate), Trichoderma spp. (isolate 40, isolated from rice field soil) were evaluated. Significantly higher mean value of total phenolic content of rice leaves was observed with the application of bioagent formulations as compared to check (pre-inoculated with X. oryzae pv. oryzae), chemical treatment and healthy plant. Maximum mean total phenolic content (342.22 μl/g) in rice leaves was observed with Pf 83, which was followed by PBA-2 (334.44 μl/g) and T. harzianum (330.00 μl/g). Decrease in disease severity of bacterial leaf blight was observed with the increase of total phenolic content in rice leaves which resulted in increased grain yield and 1000 grain weight.

scholarly journals Effect of bioagent application time against bacterial leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Uyeda and Ishiyama) Dowson

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Gokil Prasad Gangwar ◽  
A. P. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Time Sequences

Present investigation was carried out to test the effect of time of application on efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens formulations against bacterial leaf blight of rice, under field condition. Foliar sprays with bioagent(s) in three time sequences i.e. 7 days before, simultaneously and 7 days after inoculation of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae inoculation significantly reduced disease severity over check during Kharif 2006 and 2007. Maximum reduction in bacterial leaf blight disease was obtained with the application of T. harzianum on 7 days before inoculation of pathogen during Kharif 2006 and 2007 and maximum increase in grain yield was obtained with the application of PBA-2 seven days before inoculation of pathogen. It was revealed that prophylactic spray of bioagents one week prior to pathogen inoculation was significantly (106 cfu/g) effective in reducing disease severity of bacterial leaf blight of rice as compared to chemical treatment.

scholarly journals Ginger Essential Oils-Loaded Nanoemulsions: Potential Strategy to Manage Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease and Enhanced Rice Yield

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3902
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Adamu ◽  
Khairulmazmi Ahmad ◽  
Yasmeen Siddiqui ◽  
Intan Safinar Ismail ◽  
Norhayu Asib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Promising Alternative

The bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious rice diseases, causing huge yield losses worldwide. Several technologies and approaches have been opted to reduce the damage; however, these have had limited success. Recently, scientists have been focusing their efforts on developing efficient and environmentally friendly nanobactericides for controlling bacterial diseases in rice fields. In the present study, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) were utilized to investigate the mode of actions of ginger EOs on the cell structure of Xoo. The ginger EOs caused the cells to grow abnormally, resulting in an irregular form with hollow layers, whereas the dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) treatment showed a typical rod shape for the Xoo cell. Ginger EOs restricted the growth and production of biofilms by reducing the number of biofilms generated as indicated by CLSM. Due to the instability, poor solubility, and durability of ginger EOs, a nanoemulsions approach was used, and a glasshouse trial was performed to assess their efficacy on BLB disease control. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the developed nanobactericides was promising at different concentration (50–125 µL/mL) tested. The efficacy was concentration-dependent. There was significant antibacterial activity recorded at higher concentrations. A glasshouse trial revealed that developed nanobactericides managed to suppress BLB disease severity effectively. Treatment at a concentration of 125 μL/mL was the best based on the suppression of disease severity index, AUDPC value, disease reduction (DR), and protection index (PI). Furthermore, findings on plant growth, physiological features, and yield parameters were significantly enhanced compared to the positive control treatment. In conclusion, the results indicated that ginger essential oils loaded-nanoemulsions are a promising alternative to synthetic antibiotics in suppressing Xoo growth, regulating the BLB disease, and enhancing rice yield under a glasshouse trial.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Yield, Reaction to Diseases, and Grain Physical Attributes of Some Introduced Rice Hybrids in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Samuel Oppong Abebrese ◽  
Alex Yeboah ◽  
Wilson Dogbe ◽  
Paul Kofi Ayirebi Dartey ◽  
Richard Akromah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical Attributes

Hybrid rice technology is one of the promising, sustainable, and proven technologies for increasing rice production and productivity with a yield advantage of 15–30% over modern inbred varieties. The potential of hybrid rice has so far not been exploited in Ghana. This study was undertaken to evaluate the yield potential, reaction to diseases, and physical grain attributes of some introduced hybrids. The trials were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates across three locations. Data were taken on grain yield, yield components, reaction to diseases, and grain physical characteristics. Four promising hybrids (SWARNA 2, ARGH 1501, ARGH 1502, and ARGH 1503) with a mean yield advantage of 15–20.8% over the best inbred check “AgraRice” were identified. With few exceptions, the hybrids were broadly adapted and had adequate resistance to blast and bacterial leaf blight. Most of the test hybrids had long slender grains which make them acceptable to the Ghanaian market but lacked aroma.

scholarly journals Growth promotion of transplanted rice plant by bioagents effective against bacterial leaf blight disease of rice under glasshouse conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
Gokil Prasad Gangwar ◽  
A. P. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Blight Disease

The experiment was conducted to evaluate growth promotion of transplanted rice by fungal and bacterial bioagents effective against bacterial leaf blight of rice, under glasshouse conditions. Bioagent formulations (PBA -1, PBA -2, FLP 88, Pf 83, Isolate 40 and T. harzianum) were applied as seed treatment, seedling root dip and foliar spray and compared with chemical treatment and untreated check. All bioagent formulations were significantly effective in increasing number of tillers per hill, root length, total phenolic content in rice leaves, fresh and dry root weight, fresh and dry shoot weight, flag leaf area, grain yield and 1000 grain weight over check. Present study revealed that potential fungal and bacterial bioagents effective against bacterial leaf blight disease of rice, exhibited plant growth promoting activities and resulted 22.38 to 32.08 % increase in grain yield over untreated check, even if there is no disease.

scholarly journals Genetic variability to improve yield and resistance to bacterial leaf blight in rice

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-589
Author(s):  
AK Singh ◽  
RK Singh ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
M Arya ◽  
PK Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Weight Number ◽  
Panicle Weight

One hundred F2 and F3 single plant progenies along with their parents and the infector rows were evaluated for 13 quantitative traits to assess the genetic variability, heritability, associations and estimation of number of genes for bacterial leaf blight resistance and yield related traits. In both F2 and F3, a wide range of variability was present for all the traits, indicating considerable scope for selection. High heritability accompanied with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, panicle length, panicle weight, number of effective tillers per plant and grain yield per plant. Positive and significant correlation were observed between grain yield per plant with days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, panicle weight, number of effective tillers per plant, test weight and flag leaf length in either one of the generation or in combination of both F2 and F3. Path-coefficients analysis showed that plant height, panicle length and test weight had high direct positive effect in both the F2 and F3. The estimated number of gene(s) in the segregating generations for bacterial leaf blight was 2.14 in the F2 and 0.92 in the F3 revealed that two genes were involved in the inheritance of resistance to bacterial leaf blight in F2, while only one gene in F3 due to dominance effect.

scholarly journals Effect of Potassium Fertilizer on Development of Bacterial Blight of Rice

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
N Begum ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MA Bashar ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MN Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Bacterial Blight Of Rice

Effect of five potassium doses viz, recommended dose (RD) (40 kg Murate of Potash(MP)/hector), RD + 10 kg MP/ha, RD + 20 kg MP/ha, RD + 30 kg MP/ha, RD + 40 kg MP /ha to manage bacterial blight of rice were studied during Boro season in 2005. The experiment was laid in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) having three replications. Highest disease severity (55.92%) was observed due to bacterial leaf blight at maximum tillering stage when applied 30 kg MP/ha additional potash. Lowest disease severity (0.45%) of bacterial leaf blight were recorded from the plot where no additional MP was applied but highest yield (4.35 tones/ha) was observed in the plot where additional 20 kg MP/ha was applied. The amount of potassium in the leaves did not vary significantly even after additional application of potassium either 30 or 20 kg MP/ha though it was more (1.31%) when applied 40 kg MP/ha. In another experiment in the present study the lowest disease severity 15.22% and 10.53% were recorded when additional 5kg MP /ha was applied seven days before inoculation at active tillering and panicle initiation stages, respectively. Disease severity was lower in single inoculation compare to multiple inoculations except the plot where 5kg/ha additional potash applied three days before bacterial inoculation. Maximum yield (3.86, 4.38, 4.64 t/ha) was recorded when inoculated at active tillering, panicle initiation and flowering stages separately if potassium was applied seven days before inoculation than those of multiple inoculations. The results suggested that potassium top dressing just before disease initiation was good for higher yield and less disease development. However inoculation in all the growth stages of the crop gave lower yields even potassium application was done at seven or three days before or after inoculation. Key words: Bacterial leaf blight; Oryza sativa L.; Potassium fertilizer DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i1.8109 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 46(1), 69-76, 2011

scholarly journals Effect of bioagent formulations on progress of bacterial leaf blight disease of rice under field conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-393
Author(s):  
Gokil Prasad Gangwar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Blight Disease

In the present study, effectiveness of different fungal (Trichoderma harzianum) and bacterial (Pseudomonas fluorescens) bioagent formulations in reducing progress of the bacterial leaf blight disease of rice under field conditions was studied and compared with chemical treatment and untreated check. The results exhibited that after 23 to 30 days after first application, bioagent formulations were more effective then chemical treatment in reducing progress of disease. Bioagent formulations exhibited long lasting effect in reducing progress of disease during Kharif, 2006 and 2007. Application of bioagent formulations resulted in significant reduction (60.5 – 142.8%) in area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) as compared to check during Kharif, 2006 and 2007. Significant increase in grain yield (14.3 - 21.5 %) was observed with the application of bioagent formulations as compared to check during Kharif, 2006 and 2007.

scholarly journals Potential of Bacillus subtilis for controlling bacterial leaf blight pathogen in rice

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S5) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
K.S. Ku Asmah ◽  
Z. Sapak
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Disease Severity Index ◽  
Rice Plants

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice is an economically important disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) throughout the world. To control this disease, bacterial isolate of Bacillus subtilis UiTMB1 was screened for the antagonistic activity against the pathogen in vitro and in vivo studies. A bacterial assay and detached leaf technique were used to evaluate the potential of the bacterium against BLB pathogen in the laboratory. Meanwhile, the glasshouse study was conducted to further examine the aptitudes of the isolate on the disease control and growth-promoting of rice plants. The findings revealed that B. subtilis UiTMB1 is able to control the disease and enhance the growth of rice plants. Rice plants treated with B. subtilis UiTMB1 before being inoculated with BLB pathogen showed less severe disease symptoms with low disease severity index of 3.43 compared to rice plants without B. subtilis UiTMB1 with high disease severity index of 8.4. Besides controlling the disease, B. subtilis UiTMB1 was also promoting plant height, chlorophyll content, number of tillers and biomass of rice plants.

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